Identified particle production, azimuthal anisotropy, and interferometry measurements in Au plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=9.2 GeV

We present the first measurements of identified hadron production, azimuthal anisotropy, and pion interferometry from Au + Au collisions below the nominal injection energy at the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) facility. The data were collected using the large acceptance solenoidal tracker at RHIC (STAR) detector at root s(NN) = 9.2 GeV from a test run of the collider in the year 2008. Midrapidity results on multiplicity density dN/dy in rapidity y, average transverse momentum < p(T)>, particle ratios, elliptic flow, and Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) radii are consistent with the corresponding results at similar root s(NN) from fixed-target experiments. Directed flow measurements are presented for both midrapidity and forward-rapidity regions. Furthermore the collision centrality dependence of identified particle dN/dy, < p(T)>, and particle ratios are discussed. These results also demonstrate that the capabilities of the STAR detector, although optimized for root s(NN) = 200 GeV, are suitable for the proposed QCD critical-point search and exploration of the QCD phase diagram at RHIC.

Generating monoenergetic heavy-ion bunches with laser-induced electrostatic shocks

A method for efficient laser acceleration of heavy ions by electrostatic shock is investigated using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation and analytical modeling. When a small number of heavy ions are mixed with light ions, the heavy ions can be accelerated to the same velocity as the light ions so that they gain much higher energy because of their large mass. Accordingly, a sandwich target design with a thin compound ion layer between two light-ion layers and a micro-structured target design are proposed for obtaining monoenergetic heavy-ion beams.

Applications of Heavy Ion Irradiation in Photonic Crystal Research

Photonic crystals (PC) have received extensive attention for the photonic band gap (PBG). The polystyrene (PS) particles bottom-up approach is a productive method for photonic crystal manufacture, this kind of photonic crystals having an unique PBG that depends on the particle's shape, sizes and defects. Heavy ion irradiation is a very useful method to induce defects in PC and change the shapes of the particles to tune the PBG. MeV heavy ion irradiation leads to an anisotropic deformation of the particles from spherical to ellipsoidal, the aspect ratio of which can be precisely controlled by using the ion energy and flux. Sub-micrometer PS particles were deposited on a Cu substrate and were irradiated at 230 K by using heavy ion energy and fluence in the range from 2 to 10 MeV and 1 x 10(14) cm(-2) to 1 x 10(15) cm(-2); respectively.

Applications of Heavy Ion Irradiation in Photonic Crystal Research

Photonic crystals (PC) have received extensive attention for the photonic band gap (PBG). The polystyrene (PS) particles bottom-up approach is a productive method for photonic crystal manufacture, this kind of photonic crystals having an unique PBG that depends on the particle's shape, sizes and defects. Heavy ion irradiation is a very useful method to induce defects in PC and change the shapes of the particles to tune the PBG. MeV heavy ion irradiation leads to an anisotropic deformation of the particles from spherical to ellipsoidal, the aspect ratio of which can be precisely controlled by using the ion energy and flux. Sub-micrometer PS particles were deposited on a Cu substrate and were irradiated at 230 K by using heavy ion energy and fluence in the range from 2 to 10 MeV and 1 x 10(14) cm(-2) to 1 x 10(15) cm(-2); respectively.

Dependence of the cross sections for Ir isotopes on the values of Qgg in the heavy ion collision

197Au were irradiated with 47 MeV/u 12C ions. Iridium was produced via the multinucleon transfer reactions in bombardments of 197Au with 12C. and was separated radiochemically from Au and the mixture of the reaction products. The γ radioactivities of Ir isotopes were measured by using a HPGe detector. The production cross sections of Ir isotopes were determined from activities of Ir isotopes at the end of bombardment and the other relative data. It has been found that the cross sections for neutron-rich iso...

An outlook of heavy ion driven plasma research at IMP-Lanzhou

Since the successful completion of the cooling storage ring (CSR) project in China at the end of 2007, high qualitative heavy ion beams with energy ranging from keV to GeV/u have been available at the Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou (HIRFL). More than 1091 GeV/u C6+particles or 108235 MeV/u Xe particles can be stored in the CSR main-ring and extracted within hundred nano-seconds during the test running,the beam parameters will be improved in the coming years so that high energy density (HED) conditions could be achieved and investigated there. Recent scientific results from the experiments relevant to plasma research on HIRFL are summarized. Dense plasma research with intense heavy ion beams of CSR is proposed here.

Study of the aberrations of the IMP heavy ion microbeam irradiation system

A high energy heavy ion microbeam irradiation system is constructed at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). A quadrupole focusing system, in combination with a series of slits, has been designed here. The IMP microbeam system is described in detail. The intrinsic and parasitic aberrations associated with the magnets are simulated. The ion beam optics of this microbeam system is investigated systematically. Then the optimized initial beam parameters are given for high spatial resolution and high hitting rates.