Strikingly different penetrance of LHON in two Chinese families with primary mutation G11778A is independent of mtDNA haplogroup background and secondary mutation G13708A

The penetrance of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in families with primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations is very complex. Matrilineal and nuclear genetic background, as well as environmental factors, have been reported to be involved in d

茶小绿叶蝉在不同茶树品种上的生长发育、生殖及空间分布

茶小绿叶蝉在云南大叶茶无性系良种云抗十号 十四号、长叶白毫、矮丰上的生长发育历期 、成活率、田间自然种群虫口数量、卵数量、卵分布等方面, 皆有明显差异; 说明这些品种对茶小绿叶蝉的抗性有差异, 上述品种中矮丰对茶小绿叶蝉的抗性最强, 云抗十号的抗性较差。茶小绿叶蝉的空间分布型为随机分布型, 各品种间无明显差异。图2表4参5

表皮生长因子对兔眼角膜修复作用的量效关系研究

用角膜表皮刮磨方法人工造成兔眼角膜创伤直径为10mm的圆形创面，分析小鼠表皮生长因子（EGF）对其修复的剂量关系。5个浓度EGF（100、50、20、10和0．5μm／ml）治疗的试验组痊愈时间均比对照组提前，有非常显著的差异（P＜0.01），但在这5个浓度组之间，痊愈时间无显著性差异。结果表明，小鼠EGF对兔眼角膜损伤有促修复作用，实验所用的5个浓度与修复作用无剂量依赖关系。

中国猕猴的分类及分布

根据外部形态、头骨特征及地理分布, 对猕猴在中国的亚种分类进行了重新 整理。结果表明M.m.mulatta、M.m.breuicaudus、M.m.lasiotis、M.m.littoralis 和M.m.uestita均为有效亚种, M.m.tcheliensis可能也是一有效亚种。图1表3参 15

REPORT ON THE DISTRIBUTION, POPULATION, AND ECOLOGY OF THE YUNNAN SNUB-NOSED MONKEY (RHINOPITHECUS-BIETI)

The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti), an endangered species in China, has received more protection in theory than in practice. Therefore it is on the very verge of extinction. The population of the species was estimated less than 2,000 individuals spread in 19 distinct groups. It was confirmed that the monkey was confined to the Yunling Mountain System, the area between the Yangtze River (Changjiang, aka Jinshajiang) to the east and the Mekong River (Lancangjiang) to the west. We further concluded that a lowland belt to the east, about 100 km long and 20 - 30 km wide was not suitable habitat for the monkeys, and appeared to serve as the natural ecogeologic barrier for the species. Our results indicated that the southern limit of the distribution was at Longma (26-degrees 14'N), and that the northern limit of the distribution was at Xiaochangdu (29-degrees 20'N). The distribution area of the species was substantially smaller than previously estimated. There were substantial ecological differences between the southern and northern parts of the species range. The monkey was found only in fir-larch forest.

Sleeping sites of Rhinopithecus bieti at Mt. Fuhe, Yunnan

Data on sleeping site selection were collected for a group of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti; around 80) at Mt. Fuhe, Yunnan, China (99degrees20'E, 26degrees25'N, about 3,000 m asl) from November 2000 to January 2002. At the site mainly three vegetation types were present in an elevation-ascending order: deciduous broad leaf forest, mixed coniferous and broad leaf forest, and dark coniferous forest. In addition, bamboo forest presented in areas burned in 1958. Sleeping sites (n = 10) were located in the coniferous forest, where trees were the tallest, bottommost branches were the highest, the diameter of crowns was the second largest, and the gradient of the ground was the steepest. Monkeys usually kept quiet during entering and staying at a sleeping site. The site choice and the quietness may be tactics to avoid potential predators. In the coniferous forest, however, monkeys did not sleep in the valley bottom where trees were the largest, but frequently slept in the middle of the slope towards the east/southeast, in the shadow of ridges in three other directions, to avoid strong wind and to access sunshine; in winter-spring, they ranged in a more southern and lower area than in summer-autumn. These may be behavioral strategies to minimize energy stress in the cold habitat. Monkeys often slept in the same sleeping site on consecutive nights, which reflected a reduced pressure of predation probably due to either the effectiveness of anti-predation through sleeping site selection, or the population decline of predators with increasing human activities in the habitat. The group's behavioral responses to interactive and sometimes conflicting traits of the habitat are site-specific and conform to expectations for a temperate zone primate.