Electrochemical properties of Ti0.17Zr0.08V0.35Cr0.10Ni0.30 alloy electrode

The electrochemical properties of the Ti0.17Zr0.08V0.35Cr0.10Ni0.30 alloy electrode were investigated. This alloy has good cycle life at 303 K, 313 K, and even at 323 K, but the discharge capacity decreases gradually at 333 K with increasing cycle number. Both the charge-discharge efficiency and the charge-discharge voltage reduce. The electrochemical impendence spectra indicate that the charge-transfer resistance decreases while the exchange current density increases as temperature increases. The apparent activation energy of the charge-transfer reaction is about 50 kJ mol(-1), which is higher than that on the AB(5) type alloy electrode.

Phase transition and transition kinetics of a thermotropic poly(amide-imide) derived from 70% pyromellitic dianhydride, 30% terephthaloyl chloride, and 1,3-bis[4-(4 '-aminophenoxy)cumyl]benzene

The phase transition and transition kinetics of a liquid crystalline copoly(amide-imide) (PAI37), which was synthesized from 70 mol% pyromellitic dianhydride, 30 mol% terephthaloyl chloride, and 1,3-bis[4-(4'-aminophenoxy)cumyl]benzene, was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and rheology. PAI37 exhibits a glass transition temperature at 182 degreesC followed by multiple phase transitions. The crystalline phase starts to melt at similar to 220 degreesC and forms smectic C (S-C) phase. The Sc phase transforms into smectic A (S-A) phase when the temperature is above 237 degreesC. The S-C to S-A transition spans a broad temperature range in which the S-A phase vanishes and forms isotropic melt. The WARD fiber pattern of PAI37 pulled from the anisotropic melt revealed an anomalous chain orientation, which was characterized by its layer normal perpendicular to the fiber direction. The transition kinetics for the mesophase and crystalline phase formation was also studied.

聚醚酰亚胺（YS－30）链结构的1D和2DNMR谱分析

聚醚酰亚胺（ＹＳ－３０）是一种可溶性的聚酰亚胺，本文对它的￣（１３）ＣＮＭＲ谱，￣１ＮＮＭＲ谱和ＣＯＳＹ谱进行了研究．经过分析，对￣（１３）ＣＮＭＲ和￣１ＨＮＭＲ谱作出了归属，确认了聚醚酰亚胺的链结构．

Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of a putative C-type lectin (Fclectin) gene in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Lectin is regarded as a potential molecule involved in immune recognition and phagocytosis through opsonization in crustacean. Knowledge on lectin at molecular level would help us to understand its regulation mechanism in crustacean immune system. A novel C-type lectin gene (Fclectin) was cloned from hemocytes of Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR. The full-length cDNA consists of 1482 bp with an 861 bp open reading frame, encoding 287 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative signal peptide of 19 amino acids. It also contains two carbohydrate recognition domains/C-type lectin-like domains (CRD1 and CRD2), which share 78% identity with each other. CRD1 and CRD2 showed 34% and 30% identity with that of mannose-binding lectin from Japanese lamprey (Lethenteron japonicum), respectively. Both CRD1 and CRD2 of Fclectin have I I amino acids residues, which are relatively invariant in animals' C-type lectin CRDs. Five residues at Ca2+ binding site I are conserved in Fclectin. The potential Ca2+/carbohydrate-binding (site 2) motif QPD, E, NP (Gln-Pro-Asp, Glu, Asn-Pro) presented in the two CRDs of Fclectin may support its ability to bind galactose-type sugars. It could be deduced that Fclectin is a member of C-type lectin superfamily. Transcripts of Fclectin were found only in hemocytes by Northern blotting and RNA in situ hybridization. The variation of mRNA transcription level in hemocytes during artificial infection with bacteria and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) was quantitated by capillary electrophoresis after RT-PCR. An exploration of mRNA expression variation after LPS stimulation was carried out in primarily cultured hemocytes in vitro. Expression profiles of Fclectin gene were greatly modified after bacteria, LPS or WSSV challenge. The above-stated data can provide us clues to understand the probable role of C-type lectin in innate immunity of shrimp and would be helpful to shrimp disease control. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

从胶州湾海洋放线菌中发现的新型星形孢菌素等7种新结构化合物

本课题组自1999年以来，将培养条件优化、生物活性跟踪及化学跟踪技术应用到胶州湾海洋放线菌的次级代谢产物研究中，发现了一批具有生物活性的新结构化合物。 本研究从青岛胶州湾分离出各类海洋微生物423株，包括海洋放线菌287株，海洋细菌116株，海洋真菌20株，对胶州湾海洋微生物的资源和分布规律有了基本的认识。对其中海洋放线菌的次级代谢产物进行了活性和化学筛选，获得了它们对八种病原微生物的抑制活性数据。发现胶州湾海洋放线菌对至少一种受试微生物具有中等以上拮抗能力的比例为50%。 从三株海洋放线菌的发酵粗提物中鉴定出7个新结构化合物和31个已知化合物。具体是：①从菌株M518中鉴定出21个化合物，包括3个新结构天然化合物：N-Foramidostaurosporine，5,7-Dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-azocin-2-one，Selina-4(14),7(11)-diene-8,9-diol和1个新结构衍生物Trimer 3。其中化合物5,7-Dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-azocin-2-one为新骨架类型的天然化合物。② 从菌株M491 中鉴定出10个化合物，包括3个新结构化合物10α-14-Dihydroxyamorph-4-en-3-one，10α,11-Dihydroxyamorph-4-ene，5α,10α,11-Triydroxyamorphan-3-one； 并首次从微生物中分离得到已知化合物10α-Hydroxyamorph-4-en-3-one；③从菌株M311中鉴定出7个已知化合物。 发现天然化合物5,7-Dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-azocin-2-one很容易发生重排反应，分离出了两个重排反应产物，并得出该化合物可能的重排反应过程及三聚体形成的方式。 生物活性实验结果表明新型星形孢菌素N-Formamidostaurosporine具有很强的抗肿瘤活性：对于37株人类肿瘤细胞的平均IC50，IC70和IC90分别为0.016µg/ml，0.171µg/ml和2.352µg/ml。对37株肿瘤细胞株的抗肿瘤选择性为27%。还首次发现Staurosporine类化合物具有抑制微藻生长的活性。 对产生新化合物的菌株M518 和M491 进行了形态、生理生化及分子鉴定，提交两株菌的16S rDNA 序列到GenBank（DQ184649 和DQ184648）。结合形态、生理生化特征及系统 发育树分析表明：菌株M518 属于链霉菌属，并可能属于该属中的粉红孢类群；菌株M491属于链霉菌属，并可能属于该属中的青色类群。

Determination of 30 free fatty acids in two famous Tibetan medicines by HPLC with fluorescence detection and mass spectrometric identification

A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection and mass spectrometric identification has been developed for analysis of 30 long-chain and short-chain free Fatty acids (FFAs). The fatty acids were derivatized to their esters with 1-[2-(p-toluenesulfonate)ethyl]-2-phenylimidazole-[4,5-f]-9,10-phenanthrene (TSPP) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 90 degrees C with anhydrous K2CO3 as catalyst. A mixture Of C-1-C-30 fatty acids was completely separated within 60 min by gradient elution on a reversed-phase C-8 column. Qualitative identification of the acids was performed by atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) in positive-ion mode. The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths were 260 and 380 nm, respectively. Quantitative determination of the 30 acids in two Tibetan medicines Gentiana straminea and G. dahurica was performed. The results indicated that the medicines contained many FFAs. Linear correlation coefficients for the FFA derivatives were > 0.9991. Relative standard deviations (RSDs, n = 6) for the fatty acid derivatives were < 3%. Detection limits (at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1) were 3.1-38 fmol. When the fatty acid derivatives were determined in the two real samples results were satisfactory and the sensitivity and reproducibility of the method were good.

地质环境的地球化学研究—贺“环境地质学的出现”发表30周年暨中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室成立10周年

1972年刘东生院土撰文发表了“环境地质学的出现”。中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室于1992年正式成立，刘东生院士的环境地质学学术观点聚焦于：环境地质学发展的动力源于社会需要，地球环境系统的整体性及其与人类关系的相互依存性。30年来，地质环境的地球化学研究以区域环境质量和全球环境变化两大科学问题作了基本目标，经历了调查评价，区域综合和界面机理3个发展阶段，研究重点是典型区域环境演化的发生学原理，谱系特征以及健康和生态效应，云贵高原地质环境的特殊性显示出青藏隆起对周边现代环境的影响。环境地质学以“地质学与人类”为宗旨，将在21世纪为人类谋求更多的福利。