水溶性聚合物和两亲聚合物19．磺化液体聚丁二烯──种新型液膜用表面活性剂

一种新的聚工二烯型表面活性剂ＬＹＦ经液体聚了二烯磺化方法制备而得，并应用于液膜分离研究之中。发现无论内水相是酸性还是碱性，由该表面活性剂制得的Ｗ／Ｏ型乳状液在稳定性、溶胀率和破乳诸方面均具有令人满意的综合性能。为深入了解液膜的稳定性，我们测定了处于两种水相间的双分子膜的强度。发现由ＬＹＦ所形成的双分子膜具有最大的膜强值，优于聚异丁烯型的表面活性剂ＥＣＡ４３６０和ＥＭ３０１．

[n-C_9H_(19)NH_3]_2MCl_4(M=Cu、Mn、Zn、Co)层结构配合物固-固相变的热分析和红外光谱研究

本文用差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重(TG)和红外光谱法研究了标题配合物(简记为C_9M)的热稳定性和固—固相变.讨论了中心金属离子对热稳定性和相变的影响.发现其热稳定性依C_9Co>C_9Mn>C_9Zn>C_9Cu降低.固—固相变数目、相变温度和相变的有序—无序效应主要取决于中心金属离子的种类。Zn组配合物总相变的无序效应比Cu组高,在高温相为完全无序相。C_9Zn配合物低温相变(285K)主要来源于链间相互作用和堆积态的有序—无序变化.高温相为“链熔化”态.

长春地区健康成人心肌19种元素的正常值范围

由吉林省长春地区采集40例健康成人心肌样品,用荧光分光光度法测定硒,用催化极谱法测定钼,用高频感耦等离子体发射光谱法测定铝、硼、钡、钙、镉、钴、铬、铜、铁、钾、镁、锰、钠、磷、锶、钛和锌的含量。取90%可信限,通过计算确定了健康成人心肌19种元素的正常值范围。

Cloning, expression and identification of ferritin from Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Ferritin, the iron storage protein, plays a key role in iron metabolism. A cDNA encoding ferritin (FcFer) was cloned from hepatopancreas of Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis. The predicted protein contains 170 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight (MW) about 19, 422.89 Da and theoretical isoelectric point (PI) of 4.73. Amino acid alignment of FcFer revealed 97% homology with Litopenaeus vannamei ferritin. Results of the RT-PCR showed that the expression of FcFer mRNA was up-regulated after shrimp was challenged with either white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) or heavy metal ions (Zn2+ and Cu2+) in the laboratory. A fusion protein containing FcFer was produced and the purified recombinant protein exhibited similar function of iron uptake in vitro. The result of in-gel digestion and identification using LC-ESI-MS showed that two peptide fragments (-DDVALPGFAK- and -LLEDEYLEEQVDS1KK-) of the recombinant protein were identical to the corresponding sequence of L. vannamei ferritin. The recombinant FcFer protein will be proved useful for study on the structure and function of ferritin in F chinensis. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Grain-size records at ODP site 1146 from the northern South China sea: Implications on the east Asian monsoon evolution since 20 Ma

273 samples from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1146 in the northern South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed for grain-size distributions using grain-size class vs. standard deviation method and end-member modeling algorithm (EMMA) in order to investigate the evolution of the East Asian mon-soon since about 20 Ma. 10-19 mu m/1.3-2.4 mu m, the ratio of two grain-size populations with the highest variability through time was used to indicate East Asian winter monsoon intensity relative to summer monsoon. The mass accumulation rate of the coarsest end member EM1 (eolian), resulting from EMMA, can be used as a proxy of winter monsoon strength and Asian inland aridity, and the ratio of EM1/(EM2+EM3) as a proxy of winter monsoon intensity relative to summer monsoon. The combined proxies show that a profound enhancement of East Asian winter monsoon strength and winter monsoon intensity relative to summer monsoon occurred at about 8 Ma, and it is possible that the summer monsoon simultaneously intensified with winter monsoon at 3 Ma. Our results are well consistent with the previous studies in loess, eolian deposion in the Pacifc, radiolarians and planktonic foraminifera in the SCS. The phased uplift of the Himalaya-Tibetan Plateau may have played a significant role in strengthening the Asian monsoon at 8 Ma and 3 Ma.

钠离子通道类毒素的细胞毒性和检测方法的研究

赤潮毒素广泛存在于各种赤潮藻和各类海洋生物中，不仅对渔业、养殖业危害甚大，而且还直接威胁着人类的生存健康。其中，离子通道类毒素是一类毒性较高的毒素。除一些赤潮藻可以产生此类毒素之外，海洋中还存在某些生物也能够产生离子通道类毒素。为进一步阐明钠离子通道类毒素对细胞的毒性效应机制，本文选取一株小鼠神经母细胞瘤（Neuro-2a）作为受试对象，研究了四种钠离子通道类毒素STX、GTX1,4、GTX2,3、TTX对Neuro-2a细胞的毒性影响机制，并利用STX和TTX，建立了钠离子通道类毒素的细胞毒性检测方法，且应用此方法检测了贝体内、藻体内的毒素含量，进一步与小鼠法和HPLC法进行了比较。 研究表明：STX、GTX1,4、GTX2,3、TTX四种钠离子通道类毒素在长时间内均会对Neuro-2a细胞的增殖产生不利影响。在短时间（24h）内，以上各毒素均没有抑制Neuro-2a细胞的增殖，但是48h后，以上各毒素对Neuro-2a细胞的增殖均产生了抑制作用，且随着各毒素剂量的增加，细胞增殖受抑制程度也表现出一定程度的增高，二者呈剂量-反应关系。STX、GTX1,4、GTX2,3、TTX对Neuro-2a细胞的48h半数抑制浓度（IC50）分别为：250ng/ml、1000ng/ml、1300ng/ml、700ng/ml。本论文还首次研究了STX、GTX1,4、GTX2,3、TTX四种钠离子通道类毒素对Neuro-2a细胞内酶活性的影响。研究发现，STX、GTX1,4、GTX2,3、TTX四种钠离子通道阻断剂类毒素均能够影响Neuro-2a细胞内Na+-K+-ATP酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶TChE的活性。当各毒素作用24h后，Neuro-2a细胞内Na+-K+-ATP酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶TChE的活力均会受到抑制，并且随着各毒素剂量的增加，两种酶的活性也逐渐降低。可见，钠离子通道阻断剂类毒素能对细胞内酶的功能产生一定的影响，此影响连同阻断细胞膜钠离子通道，造成离子流的失衡作用，进一步对细胞产生毒性效应。在对细胞膜通透性的研究中发现，上述四种钠离子通道阻断剂类毒素各剂量组细胞培养液乳酸脱氢酶LDH的漏出率与对照组相比均无显著差异，它们均未引起Neuro-2a细胞膜内LDH的改变，看来钠离子通道阻断剂类毒素不会通过影响细胞膜的通透性而对细胞引起毒性效应。 本研究还利用STX和TTX两种钠离子通道标准毒素以及乌苯苷、藜芦定两种生物毒素，参照Jellett（1992）方法，建立了STX和TTX两种钠离子通道类毒素的细胞毒性检测的标准曲线，分别为：Y=0.266X+51.184和 Y=1.6068X+47.186。检出限分别为5ng/ml和0.8ng/ml。并且利用已建立的细胞毒性检测方法检测了来自浙江舟山和连云港赣榆市的19个织纹螺样品和5株实验室培养的亚历山大藻，得到的实验结果与小鼠生物测试和HPLC检测的结果存在较好的相关关系。鉴于该方法具有高通量、省时、检出限低等优点，因此更具有在沿海环境检测中推广应用的潜力。