细胞-分子生物力学:与生命科学有机融合的领域

　介绍了细胞2分子生物力学交叉研究领域,分析了当前的发展现状和研究热点,探讨了该领 域的发展趋势,提出了该领域几个重要的科学问题。

电磁连铸中磁约束效应的数值模拟

以基于高频电磁场的方形冷坩埚电磁连铸(4C过程)作为研究对象，导出以感应电流作为未知量的描述弯月面形状的流体和电磁等各个压力平衡的无量纲方程组，发展了基于等参变换的连续曲面近似弯月的模拟方法，在此基础上定量考查感应器电流强度、电流频率、感应位置及坩埚分片数等对弯月面形状的影响。

Failure modes of doubly supported capacitive RF MEMS switches

For the design of radio frequency micro-electro-mechanical systems (RF MEMS) switches, the reliability issue becomes increasingly important. This paper represents some failure phenomena of doubly supported capacitive RF MEMS switches that include observable destruction failure and directly measurable parameter degradation obtained from the actuating-voltage testing and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. The relevant failure modes as well as their failure mechanisms are identified.

内旋流流化床垃圾焚烧炉及其研究中的测量技术

介绍了中科院力学研究所建造的内旋流流化床炉，总结了在进行内旋流流化床垃圾焚烧炉试验过程中所采用的部分测量方案。

β′Cu—Zn合金中温片状相α1位移相变的热力学分析

对β′Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ合金的中温片状相（α１）在母相溶质原子贫化的区成分位移相变机制进行了热力学分析，结果表明，相变驱动力随贫化区溶质成分的减小而增加，贫化至确定成分时驱动力可在整个相变温区为负值，因此，α１在贫化区的位移相变有热力学可能性。

蒸汽引射稠油输送新技术

摘要：管线输送是稠油输运的一种主要手段。由于我国一些油田原油粘度高，常温下流动性差，管输需采用特殊工艺。根据粘度随温度沿指数下降的规律，与其它工艺比较，加热输送工艺有更大的潜力。该文提出了一种蒸汽引射直接加热稠油输送的新技术。为研究其有效性，进行了性能分析，并在辽河油田φ80mm，300m输油管线上进行了现场实验，测量了三种工况下该方法对稠油的温度、压降和含水串的影响。实验结果表明该文提出的方法是可行的。

Numerical and Analytical Study on the Pull-in Instability of Micro-Structure under Electrostatic Loading

The one-mode analysis method on the pull-in instability of micro-structure under electrostatic loading is presented. Taylor series are used to expand the electrostatic loading term in the one-mode analysis method, which makes analytical solution available. The one-mode analysis is the combination of Galerkin method and Cardan solution of cubic equation. The one-mode analysis offers a direct computation method on the pull-in voltage and displacement. In low axial loading range, it shows little difference with the established multi-mode analysis on predicting the pull-in voltages for three different structures (cantilever, clamped-clamped beams and the plate with four edges simply-supported) studied here. For numerical multi-mode analysis, we also show that using the structural symmetry to select the symmetric mode can greatly reduce both the computation effort and the numerical fluctuation.

Scaling approach to conical indentation in elastic-plastic solids with work hardening

We derive, using dimensional analysis and finite element calculations, several scaling relationships for conical indentation in elastic-plastic solids with work hardening. Using these scaling relationships, we examine the relationships between hardness, contact area, initial unloading slope, and mechanical properties of solids. The scaling relationships also provide new insights into the shape of indentation curves and form the basis for understanding indentation measurements, including nano- and micro-indentation techniques. They may also be helpful as a guide to numerical and finite element calculations of indentation problems.

Abel Inversion of Axially-Symmetric Shock Wave Flows

Finite-fringe interferograms produced for axisymmetric shock wave flows are analyzed by Fourier transform fringe analysis and an Abel inversion method to produce density field data for the validation of numerical models. For the Abel inversion process, we use basis functions to model phase data from axially-symmetric shock wave structure. Steady and unsteady flow problems are studied, and compared with numerical simulations. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental results is obtained when one set of basis functions is used during the inversion process, but the shock front is smeared when another is used. This is because each function in the second set of basis functions is infinitely differentiable, making them poorly-suited to the modelling of a step function as is required in the representation of a shock wave.

Divergence-free vector-field and reduction

By the Lie symmetry group, the reduction for divergence-free vector-fields (DFVs) is studied, and the following results are found. A n-dimensional DFV can be locally reduced to a (n - 1)-dimensional DFV if it admits a one-parameter symmetry group that is spatial and divergenceless. More generally, a n-dimensional DFV admitting a r-parameter, spatial, divergenceless Abelian (commutable) symmetry group can be locally reduced to a (n - r)-dimensional DFV.

强粘性层流理论及在粘性流计算中的应用

提出强粘性流动理论。对粘性流计算，利用强粘性剪切流尺度律重新标度NS格式的修正微分方程，给出临界网格尺度与流动物理尺度和差分格式精度的关系，得到部分粘性项落入误差和计算结果为非物理数值粘性解的二个判据。并以流场中的边界层、驻点和分离点邻域计算为例说明理论的应用，对强粘性剪切流计算、证实部分粘性项甚至全部粘性惯性项落入误差的问题值得重视。

Adlayer Structures of DL-Homocysteine and L-Homocysteine Thiolactone on Au(111) Surface: an in situ STM Study

The adsorption Of DL-homocysteine (Hcy) and L-homocysteine thiolactone (HTL) on Au(1 1 1) electrode was investigated in 0.1 M HClO4 by cyclic voltammetry and in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Hcy and HTL molecules formed highly ordered adlayers on Au(1 1 1) surface. High-resolution STM images revealed the orientation and packing arrangement in the ordered adlayers. Hcy molecules formed (2root3 x 3root3)R30degrees adlayer structure and H-bonds between carboxyl groups were assumed to be responsible for the origin of tail-to-tail or head-to-head molecular arrangement, while HTL molecules formed (4 x 6) adlayer structure, and two different orientations and appearances in the ordered adlayer were found. Structural models were proposed for the two adlayers.

Microstructure and mechanical behaviour of a SiC particles reinforced Al-5Cu composite under dynamic loading

The mechanical behaviour of a composite of Al–5Cu matrix reinforced with 15% SiC particles was studied at different strain rates from 1×10−3 to 2.5×103 s−1 using both a conventional universal testing machine (for low strain-rate tests) and a split Hopkinson bar (for tests at dynamic strain rates). Whilst the yield stress of the composite increases as the strain rate increases, the maximum flow stresses, 440 MPa for compression and 450 MPa for tension, are independent of strain rate. The microstructures and defect structures of the deformed composite were studied with both scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and were correlated to the observed mechanical behaviour. Fracture surface studies of samples after dynamic tensile testing indicates that failure of the composite is controlled by ductile failure of the aluminium matrix by the nucleation, growth and coalescence of voids.

解非定常不可压缩N-S方程的迭代压力Poisson方程法

该文将压力Poisson方程法改进为多步迭代计算,Poisson方程中未知量改为压力的增量.称这样的方法为迭代压力Poisson方程法.其优点如下:1.能保证离散的连续方程成立(达到要求的精度,);2.Poisson方程中~2_H不必用高精度的算子,例如对二维四阶紧致格式,可取~2_H为五点中心差.Chorin方法相当于取Poisson方程中~2_H为－λ/Δt;3.与Chorin方法相比,收敛速度要快得多;4.可直接应用于三维问题.(对三维问题,~2_H可用七点中心差);5.可以推广到有限元格式.为了提高计算精度,利用三次样条函数插值的思想构造差分格式,可以在不增加网格点的情况下提高差分精度.