662 resultados para YB


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双(环戊二烯基)镱(Ⅱ)四氢呋喃配合物(η~5-C_5H_5)_2Yb(THF)_2通过环辛二烯基钾(KC_8H_(11))还原(C_5H_5)_2YbCl·THF而得到,经元素分析、红外光谱表征,并测定了其晶体结构。配合物属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶体学参数a=1.3564(4),b=0.9569(3),c=1.4747(6)nm;β=109.90(3)°;V=1.79975(118)nm~3;D_c=1.65·cm~(-3);μ_C=54.7cm~(-1)(Mo);F(000)=880,Z=4。最后一致性因子R=0.079,R_w=0.081。Yb~(2+)的配位数为8。

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The optical, electrical and photoelectric properties of rare earth monophosphides (LnP, Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Y, Dy and Yb) have been studied in thin films. The films exhibit semiconducting behaviour with energy gaps of 1.0-1.46 eV and n-type electrical conduction. Their resistivities are 10(-2) OMEGA-cm with corresponding Hall mobilities of 8.5-400 cm2 V-1 s-1. The films are deposited on a p-type silicon substrate in vacuum. Voltage-current characteristic measurements show that a p-n junction has been formed between LnP and silicon. Spectral sensitivity and a photovoltaic effect have been observed in LnP-Si junctions. They may be useful photoelectric materials.

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The hydrogenation of alkali metals using lanthanide trichloride and naphthalene as catalyst has been studied. LnCl3(Ln = La, Nd, Sm, Dy, Yb) and naphthalene can catalyze the hydrogenation of sodium under atmospheric pressure and 40-degrees-C to form sodium hydride. The activities of lanthanide trichlorides are in the following order: LaCl3 > NdCl3 > SmCl3 > DyCl3 > YbCl3. Although lithium proceeds in the same catalytic reaction, the kinetic curve of the lithium hydrogenation is different from that of sodium. Lanthanide trichlorides display no catalytic effect on the hydrogenation of potassium in presence of naphthalene. The mechanism of this reaction has been studied and it is suggested that the anion-radical of alkali metal naphthalene complexes may be the intermediate for the hydrogenation of alkali metals and the function of LnCl3 is to catalyze the hydrogenation of the intermediate. The products are porous solids with high specific surface area (83 m2/g for NaH) and pyrophoric in air. They are far more active than the commercial alkali metal hydrides. The combination of these hydrides with some transition metal complexes exhibits high catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of olefins.

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Reaction of lanthanoid trichloride with two equivalents of sodium t-butylcyclopentadienide in tetrahydrofuran affords bis(t-butylcyclopentadienyl)lanthanoid chloride complexes (t-BuCp)2LnCl. nTHF (Ln = Pr, Nd, n = 2; Ln = Gd, Yb, n = 1). The compound (t-BuCp)2PrCl.2THF (1) crystallizes from THF in monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with unit cell dimensions a = 15.080(3), b = 8.855(2), c = 21.196(5) angstrom, beta = 110.34(2)degrees, V = 2653.9 angstrom-3 and D(calcd) = 1.41 g/cm3 for Z = 4. The central metal Pr is coordinated to two t-BuCp ring centroids, one chlorine atom and two THF forming a distorted trigonal bipyramid. The crystal of (t-BuCp)2YbCl.THF (2) belongs to the monoclinic crystal system, space group P2(1)/n with a = 7.726(1), b = 12.554(2), c = 23.200(6) angstrom, beta = 97.77(2)degrees, V = 2229.56 angstrom-3, D(calcd) = 1.50 g/cm3 and Z = 4. The t-BuCp ring centroids, the chlorine atom and the oxygen atom of the THF describe a distorted tetrahedron around the central ion of ytterbium.

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合成了LnBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)(Ln=La,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Dy,Er,Yb)系列化合物,通过XRD,XPS第手段研究了Ln(Ⅲ)离子半径对LnBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)化合物的结构及超导性的影响。Ln(Ⅲ)离子的固有磁矩(或4f电子)并不影响LnBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)化合物的超导电性,但是,Ln(Ⅲ)离子的大小却显著影响LnBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)化合物的微观结构(尤其是对Cu_2周围环境的影响)。XPS结果表明:尽管Cu_(2P3)/2的峰未劈裂,但Cu的结合能随Ln原子序数增加而明显增加,我们认为Cu_1和Cu_2都具有变价,介于2—3之间。

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采用重稀土离子(Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb)研究了水溶液中L-精氨酸的构象。结果表明,距稀土配位中心4个或4个键以上的配体核的接触位移都很小,在稀土离子附近的配体核具有显著的接触位移。通过对配体磁性核结构因子的实验值进行模拟,建立了水溶液中L-精氨酸的整体构象。在L-精氨酸稀土配合物中,配体的羧基与稀土离子配位,配体的骨架结构位于稀土离子的零偶极位移锥面的外侧。对于羧基的双齿配位模式,计算得到的RE~(3+)-O键长为0.21nm。在溶液中配体以伸展状态存在,分子骨架呈全反式构象。

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研究了P_(507)从HNO_3体系和HCl体系萃取重稀土Er、Tm、Yb、Lu的规律。从HNO_3体系中萃取,不论是单一组份或者多元混合组份,很快达到平衡。但从HCl体系中萃取,平衡缓慢,萃取单一稀土时温度、水相稀土浓度和酸度对平衡时间都有明显影响,萃取多元混合稀土时即使是在稀土浓度较高而酸度较低的情况下萃取平衡亦是相当缓慢的。HCl体系中Cl增加对平衡时间无明显影响,而加入少量NO_3~-离子不论是单一或者多元混合稀土体系,萃取平衡时间大大缩短。

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本文研究了铕(Ⅲ)在Nafion聚合物薄膜化学修饰电极上的电化学行为。研究结果表明,在pH5.8的醋酸缓冲溶液中,铕(Ⅲ)的氧化还原非常接近可逆过程。利用二甲酚橙的络合作用和Nafion的阳离子交换作用,在选定条件下,铕(Ⅲ)的导数波高度与其浓度在2.0×10~(-7)~1.0×10~(-5)mol/L范围内成线性关系,检出限为1.0×10~(-7)mol/L。当富集时间为10min时,检出限可达2.0×10~(-8)mol/L,Sm(Ⅲ)、Yb(Ⅲ)及其他稀土元素基本不干扰,可用于铕(Ⅲ)的分析测定。同时避免了使用汞(Ⅱ)的问题。

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本文研究了稀土氯化物对碱金属氢化反应的催化作用.金属钠在稀土氯化物LnCl_3(Ln=La,Nd,Sm,Dy,Yb)和萘的催化下,在常压、40℃下能与氢气反应,生成氢化钠;稀土氯化物的催化活性顺序为LaCl_3>NdCl_3>SmCl_3>DyCl_3>YbCl_3.金属锂可发生类似反应,生成LiH;但其反应动力学曲线与金属钠相比明显不同.稀土氯化物对金属钾的氢化反应不显示催化作用.对反应机理的初步探索表明:碱金属与萘反应生成的阴离子自由基型物种可能是氢化反应的中间体,稀土氯化物的作用是催化该中间体的氢化反应.该反应的产物是一类大比表面积(NaH的比表面积为83m~2/g)、多孔性固体粉末,在空气中可自燃.它们具有比一般市售碱金属氢化物高得多的反应活性,并能与过渡金属配合物组成高活性烯烃加氢催化剂.

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本文用稀土氯化物与磷酸三丁酯反应制备了标题络合物Ln(DBP)3(Ln=La,Eu,Yb),研究了络合物的热分解机理。由残渣的红外光谱确认其热分解最终产物为稀土偏磷酸盐。测定了络合物的红外光谱,对其1300cm~(-1)以下的主要吸收谱带进行了归属。红外光谱表明,标题络合物与Sm(DMP)_3等磷酸二甲酯稀土络合物具有相同的配位形式和结构类型。每个稀土离子通过双“O—P—O”桥与邻近的三个稀土离子相连接,形成“双桥二十四元环”的多聚网络结构。Ln—O键基本上是离子键。

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本文利用钠还原(t-BuCp)_2LnCl(Ln=Sm,Yb)的反应分离得到了2个新的二价有机配合物(t-BuCp)_2Yb·2THF及(t-BuCp)_2Sm·DME。这两个配合物经真空脱溶剂可得到非溶剂化的(t-BuCp)_2YB和(t-BuCp)_2Sm。上面四种配合物能引发苯乙烯聚合,催化活性与配合物的结构、中心离子的性质、催化剂用量及聚合温度等因素有关,所得聚苯乙烯是无规的。

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报道了一类新型的离子型稀土乙腈配合物,Ln(CH_3CN)_9(AICl_4)_3·CH_3CN,催化苯乙烯阳离子聚合的结果。研究了聚合溶剂,单体浓度,反应温度以及配合物中稀土离子性质对催化活性和所得聚苯乙烯分子量的影响。发现稀土元素对聚合活性的影响顺序是La>Tb~Ho>Pr~Gd>Nd>Sm~Yb>Eu。聚合物的分子量明显地随着聚合温度的升高而降低。探讨了这类聚合反应的历程。

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提出了一类以五取代茂基稀土金属配合物与活性碱金属氢化物组成的加氢催化体系。实验表明:(C_5Me_4R)_2LnCl_2Li(THF)_2+MH(Ln=Nd,Yb,R=Pr;Ln=Gd,R=Me,Pr;M=K,Na)体系都能催化α-烯烃加氢,其活性较高,如(C_5Me_5)_2GdCl_2Li-NaH体系对1-己烯加氢TON可达40min~(-1)。碱金属氢化物的种类、THF以及温度等对其催化活性均有不同的影响。这类催化剂失活很快,其原因与反应体系中的烯烃有关。

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本文研究了2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(HEHEHP,HL)和1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑啉酮-5(PMBP,HA)的苯溶液在不同矿物酸(H_2SO_4,HCl HNO_3)介质中对希土元素(Ⅲ)的协同萃取。并以Nd~(3+),Yb~(3+),Lu~(3+)为例,研究了HEHEHP-PMBP苯溶液从HNO_3介质中协同萃取希土元素(Ⅲ)的机理,用斜率法确定了协萃配合物的组成,轻希土元素为Nd(HL_2)·A_2,重希士元素为Yb(HL_2)·A,Lu(HL_2)_2·A,计算了协萃反应的平衡常数,还研究了温度对协萃反应的影响,求出了萃取过程的热力学函数。观测了协萃配合物的IR及NMR谱。