109 resultados para Y-Ba-Nb-Cu-O


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钙钛矿型的稀土与过渡金属复合氧化物(ABO_3)及部分稀土为碱土金属置换的A_(1-x)M_xBO_3型复合物在最近20年来研究较多,并在催化气敏,超导等方面取得了良好进展。但对A_(1-x)M_xB_(1-y)N_yO_3型复合物却研究甚少。本文合成了一系列的La_(1-x)M_xFe_yCo_(1-y)O_3(M=Sr或Ba)钙钛矿型复合氧化物,研究了它们组成与电性的变化规律。

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固相法合成系列名义组成为Bi_(2-x)Nb_xSr_2Ca_2Cu_3Oy(x=0—1.0)的样品,电学和磁学测量表明,当掺入x=0.2—0.3的Nb有明显加强2223相生成的作用,配比为Bi_(1.7)Nb_(0.3)Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3Oy时最佳;当掺Ba以部分取代Sr后有明显协同Nb促进22 23相生成的作用,比单掺Nb效果更为显著,其中以Bi_(1.7)Nb_(0.3)Sr_(1.8)Ba_(0.2)Ca_2Cu_3Oy为最优组成。热重分析(TGA)实验显示,掺Nb(Ba)后样品在~600°C出现吸氧增重;XPS中的O_(1s)峰显示掺Nb(Ba)后除~531eV的主峰外,在~529eV的肩峰更加明显;讨论了Nb(Ba)对晶体结构的可能影响。

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In this paper, the luminescence properties of Dy3+ and Eu3+ in M3Ln2 (BO3)4 (M = Ca,Sr,Ba; Ln = La, Gd, Y) were systematically studied. The hypersensitive transitions of Dy3+ and Eu3+ were investigated in relation to the host compositions; the relationship between the energy of Eu3+ charge-transfer band and M2+ ion was discussed, and the concentration quenching of Dy3+ luminescence was reported.

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LaF_3作为离子选择性电极和对气体的敏感性质已进行了一定的研究,但其他稀土氟化物的敏感性质却未见报道。本文合成了RE_(1-x)B_xF_(3-y),研究了它们的结构、电学性质及敏感性质,得到有可能在150℃使用的固体电解质氧敏材料。 (一) RE_(1-x)B_xF_(3-y)的结构分析 结构分析表明,Ca、Ba置换RE的含量少时,如La_(0.95)Ba_(0.05)F_(3-y)、Ce_(0.95)Ca_(0.05)F_(3-y)的X射线衍射分析结果与LaF_3、CeF_3相似,说明它们是固溶体。而Ca置换RE含量较多时,如Y_(0.71)Ca_(0.29)F_(3-y)、Gd_(0.85)Ca_(0.15)F_(3-主)的X射线衍射分析结果却与相应的YF_3和GdF_3完全不

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应用改善了的质量平衡方程研究冬瓜山层控夕卡岩型铜矿床成矿系统的元素活动性及质量迁移,结果表明:系统中Zr ,Hf ,Y和Nb 为不活动元素,其余均为活动元素。主量元素中仅CaO 为迁出组分,其质量迁移量为84 % ,其余均为带入组分,带入量最大的SiO2 的质量迁移量高达2384 %;稀土元素均为带入组分,其中,中稀土较轻稀土和重稀土的活动性更强;其它微量元素中,带入序列由强到弱为:Cr →Ta →Sn →Th ,迁出序列由强至弱依次为:U →Sb →Ni →Sr →Ba →Rb →Co →W;成矿元素Cu 和Ag 为带入组分,其中Cu 的带入量最大,质量迁移量高达1200 %。本文还得出两点具普适性认识: ①稀土元素较其它微量元素对体系条件的变化更为敏感,且往往表现出明显的规律性变化,能更好地示踪地质地球化学过程。②不同元素在不同体系中的行为特征差异极大,仅凭经验判定某一元素为不活动元素往往不可靠。因此,在开展质量平衡研究时,首先采用适当方法确认体系的不活动元素是一项不可或缺的前提工作。

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乌兰图嘎锗矿是我国近年来发现的产在煤层中的超大型锗矿床,锗金属储量达1600吨,其成矿地质条件与成矿模式不同于临沧锗矿和俄罗斯远东地区的锗矿。本文以乌兰图嘎含锗煤的地球化学特征为重点,利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、电子探针、ICP-MS和数理统计等多种分析方法,系统研究了乌兰图嘎含锗煤的矿物学、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征,结合与其他地区含锗煤地球化学特征的对比,初步探讨了乌兰图嘎锗矿的成因。论文获得以下几点主要认识: 1. 乌兰图嘎含锗煤中的主要矿物包括石英、蒙脱石;次要矿物包括长石、高岭石、伊利石;另含少量三水铝石、角闪石、叶蜡石、石膏、绿泥石、锐钛矿、黄铁矿、方解石、白云石和草酸钙石。扫描电镜和电子探针分析表明,乌兰图嘎含锗煤中还存在锆石、闪锌矿、白钨矿、重晶石、黄铜矿、卤化物、磷酸盐以及含Pb、Bi、Cr、As和Sb矿物。未发现含锗矿物。首次在乌兰图嘎含锗煤和红旗煤矿的无矿煤中发现含Ag矿物。 2. 与上地壳平均组成相比,乌兰图嘎锗矿褐煤明显富集Be、Ge、Sb、W和U,亏损Rb、Nb、Sn和Ta。乌兰图嘎锗矿褐煤中Be、Ge、Sb、W和U的平均含量明显高于乌兰图嘎砂岩和红旗煤矿褐煤,以及美国煤和世界煤的平均组成。乌兰图嘎锗矿含矿煤的稀土元素平均含量略高于美国煤或世界煤的平均组成、乌兰图嘎砂岩以及同时代的红旗煤矿无锗煤中的稀土元素含量。稀土元素与锗含量无明显的相关性。 3. 按元素组合不同,煤中微量元素可划分为4个组:Ge-Mo,Tl-Ga-Zn-Co,Rb-Cs和W-U-Cd-Y-Pb-Cu-Hf-Zr-Th-Sn-Nb-Ta-Ti-Sb-Ba-Sr-Mn-Be组合。第一组合包括与灰分呈负相关的元素,它们主要表现出有机亲合性。 剩下三组包括与灰分呈负-较高相关的元素,其主要与硫化物或铝硅酸盐矿物结合。大多数含锗煤的稀土元素含量与灰分呈高度正相关,表明含锗煤中的稀土元素主要来自陆源碎屑并主要与同沉积矿物相结合。稀土元素在少数高锗煤中的富集与存在独居石有关。 4. Ge和Mo富集在不同剖面的不同部位,其余微量元素和稀土元素或多或少地跟随灰分的分布。TiO2标准化的元素剖面揭示乌兰图嘎褐煤样品中的Be/TiO2、Ge/TiO2、W/TiO2、U/TiO2、Mo/TiO2、Sb/TiO2、Tl/TiO2和Sr/TiO2比值较乌兰图嘎砂岩和红旗煤矿褐煤中的参考值高出许多。这些元素(Be、Ge、W、U、Mo、Sb、Tl和Sr)的大部分(>90%) 可能由溶液带入煤层。稀土元素与TiO2的比值总体接近矿区砂岩以及红旗煤矿无矿煤中的对应比值。 5. 乌兰图嘎含锗煤具有与矿区砂岩和红旗煤矿无矿煤类似的、页岩式的球粒陨石或北美页岩标准化稀土元素分配模式;与上覆砂岩的稀土元素组成相比,少量含锗煤表现出轻微但明显的中-重稀土富集,表明少量的中-重稀土在后生作用中被叠加或保留在乌兰图嘎含锗煤中。乌兰图嘎锗矿的含锗煤以较高的LREE/HREE和Eu/Eu*比值以及平坦的北美页岩标准化稀土元素分配模式为特征,明显区别于临沧锗矿和俄罗斯远东地区锗矿中的含矿煤。 6. 乌兰图嘎锗矿含锗煤中大多数的微量元素和稀土元素可能来源于花岗岩源区,Be、Ge、Sb、W和U的富集可能与后生的、侧向迁移的含锗溶液有关。含锗溶液自花岗岩源区淋滤出这些元素并将其搬运至褐煤中,煤中有机质将溶液中的锗固定而聚集成矿。

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Minor yttrium addition can improve the glass-forming ability of Cu-Zr-Al ternary alloys via suppression of the growth of eutectic clusters. Yttrium addition also makes the room temperature ductility of the alloys decrease, and both the compressive strength and elastic strain limits increase slightly.

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CaCu3Ti(4-x)Nb(x)O(12) (x = 0, 0.01, 0.08, 0.2) ceramics were fabricated by a conventional solid-state reaction method. The ceramics showed the body-centered cubic structure without any foreign phases and the grain size decreases with Nb doping. Two Debye-type relaxations were observed for the Nb-doped samples at low frequency and high frequency, respectively. The complex electric modulus analysis revealed that the surface layer, grains and grain boundaries contributed to the dielectric constant. The low-frequency dielectric constant relative to the surface layer decreased to a minimum and then increased with the dc bias voltage at 100 Hz, which were well explained in terms of a model containing two metal oxide semiconductors in series, confirming the surface layer in the ceramics. The shift voltage V-B corresponding to the minimal capacitance increased with increase of the composition x. (C) 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

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Experimental results show that the exchange coupling field (H-ex) of NiFe/FeMn for Ta/NiFe/FeMn/Ta multilayers is higher than that for spin-valve multilayers Ta/NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn/Ta. In order to find out the reason, the composition and chemical states at the surface of Ta(12 nm)/NiFe(7 nm), Ta(12 nm)/NiFe(7 nm)/Cu(4 nm), and Ta(12 nm)/NiFe(7 nm)/Cu(3 nm)/NiFe(5 nm) were studied using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that no elements from lower layers float out or segregate to the surface in the first and second samples. However, Cu atoms segregate to the surface of Ta(12 nm)/NiFe(7 nm)/Cu(3 nm)/NiFe(5 nm) multilayers, i.e., Cu atoms segregate to the NiFe/FeMn interface for Ta/NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn/Ta multilayers. We believe that the presence of Cu atoms at the interface of NiFe/FeMn is one of the important factors which causes the exchange coupling field (H-ex) of Ta/NiFe/Cu/NiFe/FeMn/Ta to be weaker than that of Ta/NiFe/FeMn/Ta. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.

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本文报道了利用兰州重离子加速器国家实验室的ECR离子源引出的高电荷态离子207Pb36+入射到金属Nb表面产生的二次离子的实验测量结果.实验发现,二次离子产额Y随入射初动能Ek的增加有先增加后减小的关系,在初动能为576 keV时二次离子产额达到最大.通过对实验点做高斯拟合发现,曲线峰值对应的入射初动能为602 keV.分析表明,这是势能沉积作用与线性级联碰撞过程协同作用的结果.高电荷态离子本身携带的高势能沉积在靶表面引起势能溅射,促进了二次离子的发射;而主导二次离子溅射的过程是动能溅射,它与靶表面的动量沉积(核能损)过程密切相关.