江苏省云台山7种野生中草药植物根区土壤真菌多样性研究

通过对江苏省云台山地区7种不同野生中草药植物烟台百里香(T.quinquecostatusCelak.)、掌叶半夏(P.pedatisectaSchott.)、何首乌(P.multiflorumThunb.)、海洲香薷(E.splendensNakai ex F.)、野葛[P.lobata(Willd)Ohwi]、紫金牛(A.japonicaBl.)和菝葜(S.sieboldiiMiq.)根区土壤真菌进行分离鉴定,共分离出真菌16属126种。多样性分析结果表明,7种野生中草药植物根区土壤真菌种群多样性丰富,其中青霉属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Asper-gillus)和木霉属(Trichoderma)是中草药植物根区土壤中的优势种群,镰孢菌属(Fusarium)、交链孢属(Alternaria)、腐霉属(Pythium)、毛霉属(Mucor)真菌分布丰度也较高。结果也表明根区土壤真菌群落在一定程度上受到中草药植物的影响,大部分野生中草药植物根区土壤的真菌群落的均匀度指数低于裸地非根区土壤,而丰富度指数却高于裸地非根区土壤。不同野生中草药植物根区土壤真菌区系的结构和组成存在一定的差异性,紫金牛根区土壤中真菌种类最多,达到14属,而野葛根区土壤中真菌种类最少,只有8属。

植被保持水土的基本规律和总结

在多年研究工作的基础上 ,全面阐述了植被保持水土的基本特征和规律 ,并对其进行了系统研究总结 ,为客观分析和评价植被的作用和效果 ,以及正确制定和实施水土保持方针和政策提供了科学依据。

黄土高原白羊草、沙棘和辽东栎细根比根长特性

以黄土高原地区典型草本(白羊草)、灌木(沙棘)和乔木(辽东栎)为对象,研究了3种植物细根比根长在不同土层的分布状况以及与其它细根参数和土壤物理因子之间的相关性。结果表明,3种植物细根比根长的变化范围为6~55 mm/mg。在0~80cm土层,白羊草、沙棘和辽东栎细根比根长变化范围分别为18~55 mm/mg,14~40 mm/mg,6~33 mm/mg。3种植物0~80cm土层平均细根比根长从大到小依次为白羊草>沙棘>辽东栎。3种植物0~10cm土层细根比根长依次为沙棘>辽东栎>白羊草,10~80cm依次为白羊草>辽东栎>沙棘,表明3种植物细根比根长不仅在这两土层中的分布不具一致性,而且与0~80cm土层平均比根长也不具有一致性,进一步说明3种植物沿土壤剖面的生物量分配策略不同。相关分析表明,3种植物细根比根长与其它细根参数之间的相互关系各不相同,制约程度存在差异。与土壤物理因子的相关分析表明,3种植物细根比根长均随土壤含水量的增加而减少。土壤各级水稳性团聚体和土壤颗粒对3种植物细根比根长并无一致的影响。

西安木本植物物候与气候要素的关系

根据1963–2007年中国物候观测网西安观测站的物候和气温、降水资料,分析了西安站34种木本植物春季展叶始期、展叶盛期、始花期和盛花期等4个关键物候期的变化趋势、对气候变化的阶段响应特点及其与气温、降水变化的关系。结果表明,1963年以来,西安地区气温呈显著上升趋势,特别是1994年前后,气温发生明显突变,上升趋势更加明显;西安春季物候变化主要呈现提前趋势。在45年中,观测到的34种植物的展叶始期平均提前1天,展叶盛期平均提前1.4天,始花期平均提前9天,盛花期平均提前12天;以突变点为界,34个物种1

Effect of Single- and co-Dopant on TL of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) Phosphor

Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) thermoluminescence (TL) phosphor was synthesized by a high temperature solid state reaction and the effect of Li+, Bi3+, Gd3+ or Ti4+ as a codopant on TL of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy was investigated. The results show that Li+ as a codopant improves the emission intensity of high temperature TL peak of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy phosphor whereas the addition of Bi3+, Gd3+ or Ti3+ leads to the decrease of TL intensity. The TL emission bands of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy phosphors with Li+, Bi3+, Gd3+ or Ti4+ as a codopant are situated at 480, 579, 662 and 755 nm, which were attributed to the characteristic F-4(9/2)-> H-6(15/2), F-4(9/2)-> H-6(13/2), F-4(9/2)-> H-6(11/2) and F-4(9/2)-> H-6(9/2) transitions of Dy3+ ion, consistent with the emission of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy phosphors. The kinetics parameters of 234 degrees C TL peak of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) Dy-0.04(3+), (Li-0.04(+)) phosphor with the values of trap depth E=1.1 eV, frequency factor s=6.3 x 10(9) s(-1) were estimated by a peak shape method, which obey the second order kinetics.

Effect of Single- and co-Dopant on TL of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) Phosphor(单掺杂与共掺杂离子对Sr_2Mg(BO_3)_2磷光体热释发光的影响)

Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) thermoluminescence (TL) phosphor was synthesized by a high temperature solid state reaction and the effect of Li+, Bi3+, Gd3+ or Ti4+ as a codopant on TL of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy was investigated. The results show that Li+ as a codopant improves the emission intensity of high temperature TL peak of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy phosphor whereas the addition of Bi3+, Gd3+ or Ti3+ leads to the decrease of TL intensity. The TL emission bands of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy phosphors with Li+, Bi3+, Gd3+ or Ti4+ as a codopant are situated at 480, 579, 662 and 755 nm, which were attributed to the characteristic F-4(9/2)-> H-6(15/2), F-4(9/2)-> H-6(13/2), F-4(9/2)-> H-6(11/2) and F-4(9/2)-> H-6(9/2) transitions of Dy3+ ion, consistent with the emission of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) : Dy phosphors. The kinetics parameters of 234 degrees C TL peak of Sr2Mg(BO3)(2) Dy-0.04(3+), (Li-0.04(+)) phosphor with the values of trap depth E=1.1 eV, frequency factor s=6.3 x 10(9) s(-1) were estimated by a peak shape method, which obey the second order kinetics.

Systematic synthesis and characterization of single-crystal lanthanide phenylphosphonate nanorods

Using low-temperature hydrothermal methods, nanoscale lanthanide phenylphosphonates species with different morphologies, namely, nanoparticles and nanorods, have been systematically synthesized. The possible growth mechanism of these nanorods was discussed. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and photoluminescence spectra were used to characterize these materials. The photoluminescent properties of EU(O3PC6H5)(HO3PC6H5) and La0.91EU0.09(O3PC6H5)(HO3PC6H5) nanorods were discussed.

STUDIES ON STATES OF CYTOCHROME-C MOLECULES IN AQUOUS SOLUTIONS USING SYNCHRONOUS FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY

The states of cytochrome C molecules in aquous solution were studied with synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, It was found that the synchronous fluorescent spectra of cytochrome C were contributed by tyrosine and tryptophan residues separately at Delta lambda = 20 nm and Delta lambda = 80 nm, The peak position in synchronous fluorescent spectra of tyrosine residues in cytochrome C molecule does not change with its concentration, but that of tryptophan residue changes with its concentration, Only one peak at 340.0 nm was observed in the dilute solution of cytochrome C, With increasing the concentration of cytochrome C, a new peak at 304. 0 nm appeared. The peak at 340.0 nm disappeared and only one peak at 304.0 nm was observed at a higher concentration of cytochrome C, It may originate from the change of aggregation states of cytochrome C molecules and it was considered that the peak at 340.0 nm was attributed to the monomer and peak at 304.0 nm was due to the dimmer or oligomers. When urea was added into cytochrome C solution in which both monomer and dimmer or oligomers exist, cytochrome C molecules do not denature in the range of the specific concentrations of urea. The concentration of monomer of cytochrome C molecules increased and that of aggregation slates decreased by adding urea, Therefore, the synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to identify monomer and aggregation states of cytochrome C molecules.

用同步荧光法研究细胞色素C在水溶液中的存在形态

用同步荧光光谱法研究细胞色素Ｃ在水溶液中的存在形态，发现细胞色素Ｃ中色氨酸残基的同步荧光光谱随浓度改变而发生变化，在较稀的溶液中，只观察到色氨酸残基的一个荧光峰（３４０．０ｎｍ）；在较浓的溶液中也观察到一个荧光峰（３０４．０ｎｍ）；而在这两个浓度之间时，这两个峰共存，可能反映了细胞色素Ｃ在不同浓度溶液中聚集状态的不同．当向存在两个荧光峰的溶液中加入不同浓度的脲，在一定脲浓度范围内，细胞色素Ｃ不发生变性．脲的作用使细胞色素Ｃ的单体浓度增加，聚集体浓度降低．

一些双电荷离子的气相碎裂反应

借助质量分析离子动能谱和串联质谱研究了由电子轰击产生的双电荷离子的单分子亚稳碎裂及碰撞诱导分解过程,讨论了两种实验方法导致的差别因素.此外,根据质量分析离子动能谱提供的双电荷离子电荷分离反应的动能释放值计算了两电荷中心间距的最小值,以判别按不同电荷分离方式碎裂的双电荷离子的过渡态结构.

规范化管理高科技高效益企业

规范化管理高科技高效益企业中国科学院成都生物研究所王海燕中共成都市委组织部张松中科院成都生物研究所于１９８８年开始创办药厂，药厂产值六年翻了六番，原始投资增值数百倍。如今，药厂已更名为地奥制药公司，成为拥有净资产２亿多元、年利税１亿元的集高科技、新产...

An ancient C-type lectin in Chlamys farreri (CfLec-2) that mediate pathogen recognition and cellular adhesion

C-type lectins are a superfamily of Ca2+ dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins which play significant diverse roles in nonself-recognition and clearance of invaders. In the present study, a C-type lectin (CfLec-2) from Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri was selected to investigate its functions in innate immunity. The mRNA expression of CfLec-2 in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01) after scallops were stimulated by LPS. PGN or beta-glucan, and reached the highest expression level at 12h post-stimulation, which was 72.5-, 23.6- or 43.8-fold compared with blank group, respectively. The recombinant Cflec-2 (designated as rCfLec-2) could bind LPS, PGN, mannan and zymosan in vitro, but it could not bind beta-glucan. Immunofluorescence assay with polyclonal antibody specific for Cflec-2 revealed that CfLec-2 was mainly located in the mantle, kidney and gonad. Furthermore, rCfLec-2 could bind to the surface of scallop hemocytes, and then initiated cellular adhesion and recruited hemocytes to enhance their encapsulation in vitro, and this process could be specifically blocked by anti-rCfLec-2 serum. These results collectively suggested that CfLec-2 from the primitive deuterostome C. farreri could perform two distinct immune functions, pathogen recognition and cellular adhesion synchronously, while these functions were performed by collectins and selectins in vertebrates, respectively. The synchronous functions of pathogen recognition and cellular adhesion performed by CfLec-2 tempted us to suspect that CfLec-2 was an ancient form of C-type lectin, and apparently the differentiation of these two functions mediated by C-type lectins occurred after mollusk in phylogeny. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.