CONFORMATION OF PHENYL RINGS IN THE HELICAL CHAIN POLYMER POLY(TRIPHENYLMETHYL METHACRYLATE)

The conformation of phenyl rings in the side groups of the helical chain polymer poly(tripenyl-methyl methacrylate) (1) in solution was studied by spectroscopic methods. According to the Raman spectrum the phenyl rings of 1 and triphenylmethyl methacrylate in solution have the same depolarization ratio at 1002 cm-1. The electronic spectra (ultraviolet and fluorescence) of 1 are similar to those of model substances, except for the "red shift" of the spectra of about 5 nm. It was concluded that the phenyl rings can rotate around the phenyl-C bond.

Myroides profundi sp nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment of the southern Okinawa Trough

A Gram-negative, nonmotile, aerobic and oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterium,, designated D25(T), was isolated from the deep-sea sediments of the southern Okinawa Trough area. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain D25(T), fell within the genus Myroides, with 99.2%, 96.0% and 93.4% sequence similarities to the only three recognized species of Myroides. However, the DNA-DNA similarity Value between strain D25(T) and its nearest neighbour Myroides odoratimimus JCM 7460(T) was only 49.9% ( < 70%). Several phenotypic properties could be used to distinguish strain D25(T) from other Myroides species. The main cellular fatty acids of strain D25(T) were iso-C-15:0, iso-C-17:1 omega 9C, iso-C(17:0)3-OH and Summed Feature 3 (comprising C-16:1 omega 7c and/or iso-C(15:0)2-OH). The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. The DNA G+C content was 33.0 mol%. The results of the polyphasic taxonomy analysis suggested that strain D251(T) represents a novel species of the genus Myroides, for which the name Myroides profundi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is D25(T) (=CCTCC M 208030(T) = DSM 19823(T)).

高寒草甸不同土地利用格局土壤CO_2的释放量

分析高寒草甸不同土地利用格局下土壤CO2的释放量大小表明,在植物生长季的5～9 月,土壤CO2 释放量大小排序为:金露梅灌丛草甸(1871.40g/ m2) > 矮嵩草草甸(1769.63g/ m2) > 退化金露梅灌丛草甸(1495.60g/m2) > 退化矮嵩草草甸(1191.26g/ m2) ；而在植物非生长季的10月到翌年4月,其土壤CO2 释放量大小与植物生长季略有差异, 表现出矮嵩草草甸(661.46g/ m2 ) > 金露梅灌丛草甸( 550.90g/ m2 ) > 退化矮嵩草草甸(502.50g/ m2) > 退化金露梅灌丛草甸(384.50g/ m2) 的特点;全年内表现为矮嵩草草甸(2431.09g/ m2 ) > 金露梅灌丛草甸(2422.30g/ m2) > 退化金露梅灌丛草甸(1880.10g/ m2 ) > 退化矮嵩草草甸(1694.06g/ m2 ) . 高寒草甸地区不同土地利用格局土壤CO2 释放数量的差异及季节变化,不仅与各利用格局的土壤生物活性及土壤物理化学性状有关,而且与气象条件(特别是温度) 及其土壤冬季冻结期长短关系极为密切。

离群模糊核聚类算法

一般说来,离群点是远离其他数据点的数据,但很可能包含着极其重要的信息.提出了一种新的离群模糊核聚类算法来发现样本集中的离群点.通过Mercer核把原来的数据空间映射到特征空间,并为特征空间的每个向量分配一个动态权值,在经典的FCM模糊聚类算法的基础上得到了一个特征空间内的全新的聚类目标函数,通过对目标函数的优化,最终得到了各个数据的权值,根据权值的大小标识出样本集中的离群点.仿真实验的结果表明了该离群模糊核聚类算法的可行性和有效性.

我国核工业中的遥控技术与机器人技术的应用与开发

为了降低操作人员受照剂量,我国核工厂广泛应用了遥控操作技术,但在检修方面,仍以直接检修为主,本文将对我国核工业中遥控操作与检修技术的现状及包括机器人在内的技术开发与应用设想加以简要说明.

王水水浴消解-冷原子荧光法测定土壤和沉积物中的总汞

土壤和沉积物中的总汞是环境监测的常规项目。不同消解方法对测定结果和分析进度影响较大。本文改进了与其它强氧化体系消解样品具有可对比性的传统王水消解法，利用王水在95℃水浴中一次消解，结合BrCl氧化-SnCl2还原-汞蒸汽吹脱金管预富集-冷原子荧光法测定了土壤和沉积物样品中的总汞。该方法操作简单，数据可靠，精度高，土壤和沉积物标准样品测定的相对误差为-4．6％～10．1％，回收率91．1％～111．6％；平行样测定重现性良好，提高了分析速度和准确度。

稳定碳同位素示踪农林生态转换系统中土壤有机制裁的迁移和赋存规律

为了探讨土壤有机质在降解过程中的迁移、赋存规律，利用C3、C4植物的δ13C值差异，通过分析土壤的不同粒径组分和比重组分中土壤有机质的δ13C值，表明，粗砂中的土壤有机质年代最新，细粉中的土壤有机质年代最老，有机质在降解过程中，在土壤各粒径组分中的迁移次序是：粗砂→细砂→粗粉→粘土→细粉；土壤重组分中的有机质年代较老，以降解充分、稳定的有机无机复合体为主，轻组分中的有机质含有更多的降解尚不充分、活性较大的有机质.

导致燃煤型氟中毒流行的主要地球化学过程

室内燃煤型氟中毒是我国至今尚未有效控制的地方性疾病。到2000年，以县为单位统计．病区人口为9122．29万人．以村为单位统计则病区人口为3390．11万人。已查明氟斑牙患者高达1769．5万人，氟骨症患者146.5万人。在此类氟中毒最为严重的贵州省，以村为单位统计．病区人口为l448．9万人．查明氟斑牙患者991．0万人．占全国此类氟中毒患者人数的56．0％，占同期贵州省人口的28．11％。

感激与利他：从特质与情境的角度考察感激对利他倾向和行为的影响

Recently, as a moral affect and trait, gratitude has been acquiring growing attention in social psychology. Previous research showed those who are grateful were motivated not only to reciprocate the benefactor, but also to make altruistic behavior towards other people. By reviewing previous studies, we found two approaches on exploring the gratitude-altruism link: one is to examine the relationship of correlation between gratitude being a personality trait and altruistic tendency using questionnaires as research method; another is to probe into the causality of gratitude and altruistic behaviors by experimental methods. The present research consists of five studies combining correlative studies and experimental designs, trying to explore the effect of gratitude on altruistic tendency and altruistic behavior from perspective of trait and situation. Participants are 1769 Chinese undergraduates and 332 community residents. Firstly, results of study one showed dispositional gratitude was significantly positively correlated with altruistic tendency: higher dispositional gratitude, higher altruistic tendency. When social desirability, Big Five, and grateful mood were controlled, the correlation of gratitude and altruism still remained relatively significant. Secondly, results of the most experiments showed: main effects of both dispositional gratitude and situational gratitude were significant. For example, people with high dispositional gratitude showed higher altruistic tendency than people with low dispositional gratitude; People in high condition of gratitude arousing showed higher altruistic tendency than people in low condition of gratitude arousing as well as the control group. Thirdly, data analyses showed that the interaction effect of dispositional gratitude and situational gratitude on general altruistic tendency and altruistic behavior was significant. Compared with people with high dispositional gratitude, those with low dispositional gratitude was relatively more sensitive to condition of gratitude arousing. The latter show enhanced altruistic tendency in condition of gratitude arousing than in control condition. This interaction effect was also represented in three different condition of altruistic behavior. (1) As for beneficiaries of altruistic behavior, people with low dispositional gratitude showed enhanced altruistic behavior in condition of gratitude arousing towards strangers rather than friends and relatives. (2) As for the receiver role of altruistic behavior, people with low dispositional gratitude showed less “reject” or more “acceptance” in condition of gratitude arousing than that of the control condition. (3) When it comes to the cost of altruistic behavior, people with low dispositional gratitude showed enhanced altruistic tendency in condition of gratitude arousing than that of the control condition. However, altruistic behaviors of high cost in real life were more affected by dispositional gratitude.