FIRST ISOCHRONOUS MASS MEASUREMENTS AT CSRe

With the commissioning of the Cooler Storage Ring at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL-CSR), a pilot experiment operating the CSRe in isochronous mode to test the power of HIRFL-CSR for measuring the mass of the short-lived nucleus was performed in December of 2007. The transition point gamma t of CSRe in isochronous mode is 1.395 which corresponds to the energy about 368 MeV/u for the ions with atomic number-to-charge ratio A/q = 2. The fragments with A/q = 2 of Ar-36 were injected into CSRe and their revolution frequencies were measured with a fast time pick-up detector with a thin foil in the circulating path of the ions. A mass resolution of better than 105 for m/Delta m was achieved.

Separation of zinc(II) from europium(III) by using hollow fiber membrane

Extraction and separation of Eu3+ and Zn2+ in sulfuric acid solution was investigated by hollow fiber membrane with cyanex 302 (bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid) in counter-currently circulating operation. Reaction mechanism of membrane extraction and effect of extractant concentration and H+ concentration in aqueous phase on the mass transfer coefficient were discussed. It can be concluded that Zn2+ can be extracted completely from Eu3+ sulfate solution according to the kinetics competing difference. In one extractor process, extraction percentage of Zn2+ was not completely and Eu3+ was not extracted. Extraction percentage of Zn2+ reached 94.92%, but Eu3+ only reached 8.59% after 100 minutes extraction in two series connectors and that of Zn2+ and Eu3+ reached 99.9% and 6.53% respectively after 40 minutes extraction in three series connectors.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 plays an important role in regulating pharyngeal skeleton and inner ear formation and differentiation

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)-3 is the major insulin-like growth factor (IGF) carrier protein in the bloodstream. IGFBP-3 prolongs the half-life of circulating IGFs and prevents their potential hypo-glycemic effect. IGFBP-3 is also expressed in many peripheral tissues in fetal and adult stages. In vitro, IGFBP-3 can inhibit or potentiate IGF actions and even possesses IGF-independent activities, suggesting that local IGFBP-3 may also have paracrine/autocrine function(s). The in vivo function of IGFBP-3, however, is unclear. In this study, we elucidate the developmental role of IGFBP-3 using the zebrafish model. IGFBP-3 mRNA expression is first detected in the migrating cranial neural crest cells and subsequently in pharyngeal arches in zebrafish embryos. IGFBP-3 mRNA is also persistently expressed in the developing inner ears. To determine the role of IGFBP-3 in these tissues, we ablated the IGFBP-3 gene product using morpholino-modified antisense oligonucleotides (MOs). The IGFBP-3 knocked down embryos had delayed pharyngeal skeleton morphogenesis and greatly reduced pharyngeal cartilage differentiation. Knockdown of IGFBP-3 also significantly decreased inner ear size and disrupted hair cell differentiation and semicircular canal formation. Furthermore, reintroduction of a MO-resistant form of IGFBP-3 "rescued" the MO-induced defects. These findings suggest that IGFBP-3 plays an important role in regulating pharyngeal cartilage and inner car development and growth in zebrafish.

Characterization of an ETS transcription factor in the sea scallop Chlamys farreri

We have cloned and characterized a cDNA encoding a putative ETS transcription factor, designated Cf-ets. The Cf-ets encodes a 406 amino acid protein containing a conserved ETS domain and a Pointed domain. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Cf-ets belongs to the ESE group of ETS transcription factor family. Real-time PCR analysis of Cf-ets expression in adult sea scallop tissues revealed that Cf-ets was expressed mainly in gill and hemocytes, in a constitutive manner. Cf-ets mRNA level in hemocytes increased drastically after microbial challenge indicated its indispensable role in the anti-infection process. Simultaneously, the circulating hemocyte number decreased. In mammals, most ETS transcription factors play indispensable roles in blood cell differentiation and linage commitment during hematopoisis. Cf-ets is therefore likely to be a potential biomarker for hematopoiesis studies in scallops. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

靶向斑马鱼VEGF的shRNA表达载体的构建及其对斑马鱼胚胎血管发育的影响

血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)是一种多功能的细胞因子，其主要作用是促进血管内皮细胞增殖和增加血管通透性，是肿瘤及正常组织血管生成的中心调控因素，以VEGF为靶点的肿瘤血管靶向性治疗成为近几年肿瘤治疗的新途径。RNAi是近年来新发展的一项反向遗传学技术，是一种研究基因功能的有力工具。斑马鱼作为一种重要的模式生物，被广泛用于胚胎的分子发育机制、疾病模型的构建以及药物筛选等研究中。然而在斑马鱼中运用RNAi技术进行基因功能研究是一个相对较新的领域，研究资料较少，并且目前进行的斑马鱼RNAi实验中，siRNA大都是通过化学方法或体外转录合成的。体外合成的siRNA在进入体内后会被降解而无法达到持久阻抑基因表达的目的。因此本研究旨在探讨VEGF特异性siRNA表达载体对斑马鱼VEGF基因的沉默作用，通过分析表型及相关细胞因子的变化，阐明VEGF对斑马鱼胚胎血管生成的影响及作用机制。 研究通过计算机辅助设计软件，针对斑马鱼VEGF mRNA不同位点设计合成了4段含siRNA特异序列的DNA单链，经退火，克隆入pSilencer 4.1-CMV neo载体CMV启动子下游，构建了重组质粒pS1-VEGF、pS2-VEGF、pS3-VEGF及pS4-VEGF。 通过显微注射的方法将载体导入1-2细胞期斑马鱼体内，于胚胎发育的48 h采用RT-PCR的方法检测VEGF基因的表达量，研究不同干扰序列对VEGF基因表达的干涉作用。结果显示，针对不同位点的表达载体对VEGF基因表达的抑制效率有显著差异。它们对VEGF mRNA的抑制率分别为80.5%，42.8%，12.5%，40.7%。通过筛选我们得到了一条具有高效抑制作用的载体pS1-VEGF，该载体的相应序列靶向斑马鱼两个主要异构体VEGF165和VEGF121的共有外显子序列。 形态学检测结果显示，注射了pS1-VEGF的胚胎出现了心包膜水肿、血流速度减慢、循环红细胞堆积等症状。定量碱性磷酸酶染色显示，注射pS1-VEGF能够抑制斑马鱼胚胎新生血管的形成，当注射剂量为0.4 ng时，血管生成的抑制率为31.8%。NBT/BCIP血管染色显示，注射该载体后72 h，50%的斑马鱼肠下静脉、节间血管以及其它血管的发育受到不同程度的抑制。随着注射剂量的加大，血管发育受抑制的情况也随之加重，当注射剂量为1 ng时，只有心脏、头部及卵黄有血液循环。对干扰效果的特异性进行了研究，结果表明pS1-VEGF对斑马鱼内源基因胸苷酸合成酶（thymidylate synthase, TS）基因的表达没有明显的抑制作用。针对TS基因的shRNA表达载体及与斑马鱼没有同源性的对照载体对VEGF基因表达也没有明显的抑制作用。浓度梯度实验表明在0-1.2 ng的范围内干扰效果具有剂量依赖性。 以胚胎整体原位杂交的方法检测质粒对VEGF基因受体NRP1基因表达的影响，发现VEGF特异性shRNA表达载体能够引起NRP1基因表达的降低，说明斑马鱼中VEGF所介导的血管生成作用至少在部分上是依赖于NRP通路所调节的。 本研究工作为进一步研究斑马鱼基因功能、VEGF调控网络提供了一个快速、有效的手段，为阐明斑马鱼的血管生成机制提供了新的资料，为采用RNAi技术，以VEGF为靶点，以斑马鱼为模型对肿瘤进行基因治疗研究奠定了基础。

Seasonal thermogenesis and body mass regulation in plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae)

Changes in photoperiod, ambient temperature and food availability trigger seasonal acclimatization in physiology and behavior of many animals. In the present study, seasonal adjustments in body mass and in several physiological, hormonal, and biochemical markers were examined in wild-captured plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. Our results showed that plateau pikas maintained a relatively constant body mass throughout the year and showed no seasonal changes in body fat mass and circulating levels of serum leptin. However, nonshivering thermogenesis, cytochrome c oxidase activity, and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) contents in brown adipose tissues were significantly enhanced in winter. Further, serum leptin levels were positively correlated with body mass and body fat mass while negatively correlated with UCP1 contents. Together, these data suggest that plateau pikas mainly depend on increasing thermogenic capacities, rather than decreasing body mass, to cope with cold, and leptin may play a potential role in their thermogenesis and body mass regulation.

Seasonal regulations of energetics, serum concentrations of leptin, and uncoupling protein 1 content of brown adipose tissue in root voles (Microtus oeconomus) from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

Survival of small mammals in winter requires proper adjustments in physiology, behavior and morphology. The present study was designed to examine the changes in serum leptin concentration and the molecular basis of thermogenesis in seasonally acclimatized root voles (Microtus oeconomus) from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. In January root voles had lower body mass and body fat mass coupled with higher nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) capacity. Consistently, cytochrome c oxidase activity and mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) protein contents in brown adipose tissues were higher in January as compared to that in July. Circulating level of serum leptin was significantly lower in winter and higher in July. Correlation analysis showed that serum leptin levels were positively related with body mass and body fat mass while negatively correlated with UCP1 protein contents. Together, these data provided further evidence for our previous findings that root voles from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau mainly depend on higher NST coupled with lower body mass to enhance winter survival. Further, fat deposition was significantly mobilized in cold winter and leptin was potentially involved in the regulation of body mass and thermogenesis in root voles. Serum leptin might act as a starvation signal in winter and satiety signal in summer.

广西合山固体废弃物制备地质聚合物胶凝材料

Geopolymer gelatinous material was prepared by ferroalloy slag (signed with NKT in laboratory) and circulating fluidization bed slag (CFB slag, signed with NM in laboratory) produced from Heshan city, Guangxi zhuang autonomous region, China. The mechanical properties of the geopolymer made of high content ferroalloy slag can reach the standard of 42.5# portland blastfurnace-slag cement, and it’s processing technology is more simple and not need of mill and burn and will not produce harmful gas. By means of chemical and XRD analyses, it is concluded that NKT is a kind of acidity water-granulated slag with better activation and fit to be activated by alkali activators. Low-cost industrial gypsum (signed with NG in laboratory), analytic reagent oxide(signed with NH in laboratory) and sulfate(signed with NS in laboratory) were selected as alkali activation in the experiment. The results showed NH is a good alkali activator for NKT. Both NH and NG can activate ferroally slag’s activities, but NS can’t alone. The activation effect of superimposing activation of NH and NG excel by separateness. Based on those experiments, optimization compounds were carried out: (1) NKT: NH: NG = 80: 10: 10 and (2) NM: NKT: NS: NG: NH = 10: 70: 2: 8: 10。. The soundness of the test blocks is good by boiling examination. Through XRD, SEM, IR, NMR analyses of geopolymer, the reaction mechanism of geopolymer prepared by alkalescent activating in solid wastes was discussed in the thesis first. It is point out, there is difference in reaction mechanism between traditional geopolymer preparation and the preparation of alkalescent activating solid wastes because NG is a industry product. There is the similar process of depolymerization and reunion of Si-O bond. The latter preparation process generate new subtance but the former doesn’t. In the experiment, we found a performance of NKT that the water requirement of normal consistency of geopolymer reduces with increasing content of NKT. The result shows NKT has some ability to reduce water requirement. The performance is worthy of further research and utilization. Making use of solid wastes to prepare geopolymer, not only can settle environment problem caused by a great deal of dump of NKT, but also settle the shortage of natural resources. Moreover it could take economic, environmental and social benefits and settle thoroughly contradiction in the environment protection and regional economy development and promote circulation economy development.

河北寿王坟铜矿成矿定年及同位素地球化学特征

Samples from carbonate wall-rocks, skarn, ore of skarn type, later calcite vein, and ore of porphyry type in Shouwangfen copper deposit district were collected. Systematic study was carried out on carbon, oxygen, rubidium, strontium and sulfur isotope compositions of carbonates and sulfides in these samples. The first Isochron dating by the Rb-Sr isotopes in chalcopyrite of ore sub-sample was done as well. The following conclusions were obtained. The age (113.6±4.3Ma), obtained by Rb-Sr isotope isochron dating of chalcopyrite and pyrite from sub-sample of skarn ores, probably represents the true mineralization age of skarn ores. That demonstrates the genetic relationship between granodiorite in Shouwangfen complex and skarn copper ores. On the other hand, the Rb-Sr isochron age (73±15Ma) of chalcopyrite from porphyry ores is a little incredible because of bad synthesizing evaluation. But combined with other age data of igneous rocks, it implies the possibility of hydrothermal mineralization in connection with magma activity during the fourth period of Yanshanian in Hebei Province, even in the whole northern edge of Huabei continental block. Together from structure analysis of sulfide sub-samples, from pretreating preccedure of Rb-Sr isotope isochron and its' valuating, we found out that Rb-Sr isotope isochron of sulfide sub-samples is influenced by the crystal structure of sulfides. That is, sulfide ores with very big crystals are not suitable for sub-sample isochron. Carbon, oxygen, sulfur and strontium compositions, of different minerals in these two kinds of ores, imply that the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids were probably derived from magma deep under the crust. The calcite ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios from the porphyry are consistent to the initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of the Rb-Sr isochron of chalcopyrite and pyrite in the skarn ore, indicating that these two kinds of ores have the same source characteristic, although the porphyry deposit was formed probably 40 million years later than the skarn one according to our dating results. Skarn and skarn ores are usually considered as interaction product between carbonate wall-rocks and magmatic fluids, but the carbon of the sedimentary carbonate seems not involved in the skarn ores. Considering the connection of magmatic processes and hydrothermal ore formation in the Shouwangfen district, particularly, the spatial distribution of skarn-type and porphyry-type ores, it is possible that the Shouwangfen ore district corresponds to a hydrothermal ore-forming system, which was promoted by high-intruding magmatic rocks. Systematic stable isotopic research can help to reveal the upper part of this hydrothermal ore-forming system, which mainly related to heated and circulating meteoric water, and the lower part principally related to ascending magmatic fluids. Both skarn and porphyry ore-bodies are formed by up-intruding magmatic fluids (even more deep mantle-derived fluids).

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic investigation of urinary normal and modified nucleosides of cancer patients

Post-transcriptional modifications in RNA give rise to free modified ribonucleosides circulating in the blood stream and excreted in urine. Due to their abnormal levels in conjunction with several tumor diseases, they have been suggested as possible tumor markers. The developed RP-HPLC method has been applied to analyze the urinary nucleosides in 34 urinary samples from 15 kinds of cancer patients. The statistical analyses showed the urinary nucleoside excretion, especially modified nucleoside levels, in cancer patients were significantly higher than those in normal healthy volunteers. Factor analysis was used to classify the patients with cancer and normal healthy humans. It was found that using 15 urinary nucleoside levels or only five modified nucleoside levels as data vectors the factor analysis plot displayed two almost separate clusters representing each group. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.