Formation, thermal, optical and physical properties of GeS2-Ga2S3-AgCl novel chalcohalide glasses

Novel GeS2-Ga2S3-AgCl chalcohalide glasses had been prepared by melt-quenching technique, and the glass-forming region was determined by XRD, which indicated that the maximum of dissolvable AgCl was up to 65 mol%. Thermal and optical properties of the glasses were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Visible-IR transmission, which showed that most of GeS2-Ga2S3-AgCl glasses had strong glass-forming ability and broad region of transmission (about 0.45-12.5 mu m). With the addition of AgCl, the glass transition temperature, Tg decreases distinctly, and the short-wavelength cut-off edge (lambda(vis)) of the glasses also shifts to the long wavelength gradually. However, the glass-forming ability of the glass has a complicated evolutional trend depended on the compositional change. In addition, the values of the Vickers microhardness, H (v) , which decrease with the addition of AgCl, are high enough for the practical applications. These excellent properties of GeS2-Ga2S3-AgCl glasses make them potentially applied in the optoelectronic field, such as all-optical switch, etc.

Fabrication and emission properties of Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite glass fiber for broadband optical amplification

Tellurite glass is proposed as a host for broadband erbium-doped fiber amplifiers because of their excellent optical and chemical properties. A new single mode Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite fiber with D-shape cladding geometry is fabricated in this work. When pumped at 980 nm, a broad erbium amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) nearly 100 nm in the wavelength range of 1450-1650 ran around 1.53 mu m is observed. It was found that the emission spectrum from erbium in tellurite glass fibers is almost twice as broad as the corresponding spectrum in tellurite bulk glass. The changes in ASE with regard to fiber lengths and pumping power were measured and discussed. The output of about 2.3 mW from Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite fiber ASE source is obtained under the pump power of 700 mW. The broad 1.53 mu m emission of Er3+ in Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tellurite glass fiber can be used as host material for potential broadband optical amplifier and tunable fiber lasers. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Broadband infrared luminescence from bismuth-doped GeS2-Ga2S3 chalcogenide glasses

Near-infrared luminescence is observed from bismuth-doped GeS2-Ga2S3 chalcogenide glasses excited by an 808 nm laser diode. The emission peak with a maximum at about 1260 nm is observed in 80GeS(2)-20Ga(2)S(3):0.5Bi glass and it shifts toward the long wavelength with the addition of Bi gradually. The full width of half maximum (FWHM) is about 200 nm. The broadband infrared luminescence of Bi-doped GeS2-Ga2S3 chalcogenide glasses may be predominantly originated from the low valence state of Bi, such as Bi+. Raman scattering is also conducted to clarify the structure of glasses. These Bi-doped GeS2-Ga2S3 chalcogenide glasses can be applied potentially in novel broadband optical fibre amplifiers and broadly tunable laser in optical communication system.

beam-shaping microstructure optical fiber

Microstructure optical fiber with uniform intensity distribution of the fundamental mode is proposed. The design guide line and characteristics of this kind fiber are demonstrated. The relationship between refractive index profile and structure parameters is investigated. The mechanism of forming uniform fundamental mode in these fibers is analyzed.

Dispersion-compensating photonic crystal fibers with special characteristics

Based on the modified dual core structure, three kinds of special photonic crystal fibers are presented, which are extremely large negative dispersion, super-broad bond, and large area made field dispersion-compensating photonic crystal fibers (DCPCF). For extremely large negative dispersion DCPCF, the peak of negative dispersion reaches -5.9 x 10(4) ps/(mn km). Super-broad bond DCPCF has broadband large negative dispersion and the dispersion value varies linearly from -380 ps/(nm km) to -420 ps/(nm km) in the C band. The designed large area made field DCPCF has a peak dispersion of -1203 ps/(nm km) with the inner core mode area of 47 mu m(2) and outer core mode area of 835 mu m(2). Furthermore, for the large area mode field DCPCF, the experimental result is also obtained. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Optimization and comparison of single- and dual-pump fiber-optical parametric amplifiers with dispersion fluctuations

Solutions for fiber-optical parametric amplifiers (FOPAs) with dispersion fluctuations are derived using matrix operators. On the basis of the propagation matrix product and the hybrid genetic algorithm, we have optimized and compared single- and dual-pump FOPAs with zero-dispersion-wavelength variations. The simulations prove that the design of FOPAs involves multimodal function optimization problems. The numerical results show that dual-pump FOPAs are highly sensitive to dispersion fluctuations whereas dispersion variations have less impact on the gain of single-pump FOPAs. To increase signal gain and reduce ripple, dual-pump FOPAs, instead of single-pump FOPAs, have to be carefully optimized with a suitable multisegment fiber structure rather than a one-segment fiber structure. The different combinations of multisegment fibers can provide highly different gain properties. The increase in gain is at the cost of the ripple.

Micro Fabry-Perot interferometers in silica fibers machined by femtosecond laser

Micro Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometers (MFPIs) are machined in a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) by using a near-infrared femtosecond laser, respectively. The strain and temperature characteristics of the two MFPIs with an identical cavity length are investigated and the experimental results show that the strain sensitivity of the PCF-based MFPI is smaller than that of the SMF-based MFPI due to their different waveguide structures, while the two MFPIs have close temperature sensitivities which are much smaller than that of an in-line SMF etalon sensor reported previously. These MFPIs in silica fibers are compact, stable, inexpensive, capable for mass-production and easy fabrication, offering great potentials for wide sensing applications. (c) 2007 Optical Society of America.

Tellurium enhanced non-resonant third-order optical nonlinearity in a germano-silicate optical fiber

碲掺杂的高非线性石英光纤

All-optical switching application of germano-silicate optical fiber incorporated with Ag nanocrystals

银纳米晶体掺杂的高非线性石英光纤的全光转换应用

Formation and Properties of a Novel Heavy-Metal Chalcogenide Glass Doped with a High Dysprosium Concentration

A novel heavy-metal chalcogenide glass doped with a high dysprosium ion (Dy(3+)) concentration was prepared by the well-established melt-quenching technique from high-purity elements. The results show that when Cadmium (Cd) is introduced into chalcogenide glass, the concentration of Dy(3+) ions doped in GeGaCdS glasses is markedly increased, the thermodynamic performance improves, and the difference between T(g) and T(x) is >120 degrees C. The Vickers microhardness is also modified greatly, about 245 kgf/mm(2). The optical spectra indicate that all absorption and emission bands of Dy(3+) are clearly observed and red-shifted with increasing Dy(3+) concentration.

Harmonic Millimeter Wave Generation and Frequency Up-Conversion Using Optical Injection Locking and Brillouin Selective Sideband Amplification

Harmonic millimeter wave (mm-wave) generation and frequency up-conversion are experimentally demonstrated using optical injection locking and Brillouin selective sideband amplification (BSSA) induced by stimulated Brillouin scattering in a 10-km single-mode fiber. By using this method, we successfully generate third-harmonic mm-wave at 27 GHz (f(LO) - 9 GHz) with single sideband (SSB) modulation and up-convert the 2GHz intermediate frequency signal into the mm-wave band with single mode modulation of the SSB modes. In addition, the mm-wave carrier obtains more than 23 dB power gain due to the BSSA. The transmission experiments show that the generated mm-wave and up-converted signals indicate strong immunity against the chromatic dispersion of the fibers.

Electro-Optical Effect Measurement of Thin-Film Material Using PM Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

A polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer has been established to measure the EO effect of very thin film materials with optical anisotropy. Unlike a common MZ interferometer,all the components are connected via polarization-maintaining fibers. At the same time, a polarized DFB laser with a maximum power output of 10mW is adopted as the light source to induce a large extinction ratio. Here, we take it to determine the electro-optical coefficients of a very thin superlattice structure with GaAs, KTP, and GaN as comparative samples. The measured EO coefficients show good comparability with the others.

High birefringent rhombic-hole photonic crystal fibers

High birefringence induced by rhombic air-hole photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) is numerically analyzed by using the finite-element method. The birefringence of a few kinds of PCFs was investigated with different parameters related to rhombic holes, including the rhombic-hole shape, size, and spacing. It was found that the birefringence of the proposed rhombic-hole PCF in this study is relatively larger than that of an elliptical-hole PCF with the same air-filling fraction (f = 0.0375) when the ratio of the rhombic-hole diagonal length is equal to the elliptical-hole ellipticity. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America

Light-emitting-diode-induced fluorescence detector for capillary electrophoresis using optical fiber with spherical end

A simple fluorescence detector for capillary electrophoresis (CE) using a blue light-emitting-diode (LED) as excitation source is constructed and evaluated. An optical fiber was used to collect the fluorescence, and a flat end of the fiber was modified to spherical end, resulting in 50% increase of efficiency over the flat end. A simple device for optical alignment of the fibers and capillary column was designed. The concentration and mass detection limits for fluorescein were 1.8 x 10(-7) Mol l(-1) and 4.3 femol, respectively. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.