数量性状水平上甘、青两省春小麦品种间的遗传多样性现状及演变趋势

在数量性状水平上，调查了43个春小麦品种的19个数量性状，利用主成分分析法计算品种间的欧氏平方遗传距离，并在此基础上用最小方差法做了聚类分析。发现43个品种间在数量性状水平上的遗传距离变异范围很大（0.926～67.942），平均遗传距离为18.000，说明供试品种的19个考察性状上存在较大的表型变异。从聚类结果来看，地方品种基本上被聚在一起，说明地方品种同引进品种和育成品种至少在表型上存在较大差异。从20世纪40年代以来，在数量水平上甘、青两省春小麦地方品种间的遗传多样性水平最高（GD＝31.389)，其次是20世纪50年代引进品种（GD＝26.308)，而育成品种间的遗传多样性水平最低，总体上呈下降趋势。说明随着育种进程的深入，作为育种目标追求的经济性状趋于一致，其变异集中在一个狭小的范围之内，品种间的遗传多样性下降。

压电智能结构中驱动器布片方式和数目的确定

确定合理的布片方式和适当的布片数目，对更有效地控制结构行为有重要意义。这里对参数匹配问题进行了研究，并对两种布片方式的驱动效果进行了比较。然后基于能量有效耗散准则提出了一种驱动器布片数目的估算公式。研究结果表明，对于柔性结构，采用并列布片方式可以取得理想的控制效果。

巢湖悬浮物中稀土元素（REE）的物源精确示踪作用

采用化学连续提取和等离子质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定法,对安徽巢湖悬浮颗粒物中稀土元素的含量、赋存形态和配分模式进行了研究，结果表明：巢湖悬浮物中稀土总量在19，20-174，82mg/kg之间,东西两个湖区含量差异明显,东半湖区高于西半湖区，巢湖东西湖区悬浮物残渣态稀土元素具有截然不同的页岩标准化配分模式,东半湖区为轻稀土富集型,西半湖区为重稀土富集型,说明巢湖东西湖区具有明显不同的物质来源，巢湖东半湖区和西半湖区悬浮物稀土元素赋存形态比例也不同,东半湖区为残渣态〉铁锰氧化物结合态》有机结合态、AEC态;西半湖区为铁锰氧化物结合态〉残渣态》有机结合态、AEC态,这是由于巢湖水体从西到东受到的污染强度减轻造成的,稀土元素赋存形态可以作为判别湖泊污染程度的新依据.

芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭花岗岩黑云母矿物化学组成及其对锡成矿的指示意义

芙蓉锡矿田骑田岭复式岩体主要由早阶段角闪石黑云母花岗岩和晚阶段黑云母花岗岩组成.电子探针分析结果表明角闪石黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁黑云母,黑云母花岗岩中的黑云母属于铁叶云母.相对于黑云母花岗岩,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的MgO、TiO2含量偏高,Al2O3含量偏低.矿物化学研究结果显示,角闪石黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度(logfO2)分别为680℃～740℃、-16.00～-15.31,黑云母花岗岩中黑云母的结晶温度、氧逸度分别为530℃～650℃、-19.20～-17.50.从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,岩浆结晶温度和氧逸度逐渐降低.与花岗岩有关的共存流体性质的研究发现,与角闪石黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2O/fHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fiuid值分别为4.22～4.39,2.78～3.24,-1.82～-1.73,而与黑云母花岗岩共存的热液流体log(fH2O/fHF)fluid,log(fH2OfHCl)fluid,log(fHF/fHCl)fluid值分别为3.27～3.53,2.85～3.22,-0.75～-0.22,可见与两种岩石类型共存热液流体的性质存在明显差异,且热液中Cl、Sn含量变化与岩浆结晶分异指数呈正相关关系.骑田岭岩体从角闪石黑云母花岗岩到黑云母花岗岩,随着岩浆的演化.岩浆结晶期后分异出的热液流体向富Cl和Sn方向演化.芙蓉锡矿田的成矿流体应主要来源于黑云母花岗岩岩浆结晶期后分异出的岩浆热液.

通过语言任务和功能磁共振成像研究人类小脑功能

Since the 19th century, people have long believed that the function of cerebellum was restricted to fine motor control and modulation. In the past two decades, however, more and more studies challenged this traditional view. While the neuroanatomy of the cerebellum from cellular to system level has been well documented, the functions of this neural organ remain poorly understood. This study, including three experiments, attempted to further the understanding of cerebellar functions from different viewpoints. Experiment One used the parametric design to control motor effects. The activation in cerebellum was found to be associated with the difficulty levels of a semantic discrimination task, suggesting the involvement of the cerebellum in higher level of language functions. Moreover, activation of the right posterior cerebellum was found to co-vary with that of the frontal cortex. Experiment Two adopted the cue-go paradigm and event-related design to exclude the effects of phonological and semantic factors in a mental writing task. The results showed that bilateral anterior cerebellum and cerebral motor regions were significantly activated during the task and the hemodynamic response of the cerebellum was similar to those of the cerebral motor cortex. These results suggest that the cerebellum participates in motor imagination during orthographic output. Experiment Three investigated the learning process of a verb generation task. While both lateral and vermis cerebellum were found to be activation in the task, each was correlated a separate set of frontal regions. More importantly, activations both in the cerebellum and frontal cortex decreased with the repetition of the task. These results indicate that the cerebellum and frontal cortex is jointly engaged in some functions; each serves as a part of a single functional system. Taken these findings together, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1.The cerebellum is not only involved in functions related to speech or articulation, but also participates in the higher cognitive functions of language. 2.The cerebellum participates in various functions by supporting the corresponding regions in cerebral cortex, but not directly executes the functions as an independent module. 3.The anterior part of cerebellum is related to motor functions, whereas the posterior part is involved in cognitive functions. 4.While the motor functions rely on the engagement of both sides of the cerebellar hemispheres, the higher cognitive functions mainly depend on the right cerebellum.