52 resultados para 924
Resumo:
本文以中国对虾(penaeus orientalis)胚胎为实验材料,先后在恒磁场和变磁场条件下研究了磁场对对虾胚胎发育的影响。结果表明:磁场对虾胚胎发良的效应与所使用的磁场类型、磁场强度及磁场处理时间都有密切关系。弱恒磁场(1000GS※以下)促进胚胎发育,具有正向的生物学效应,而强恒磁场(7000GS以上)则抑制胚胎发育,表现为负向的生物学效应。强度在1000GS以下的磁场对对虾胚胎发育的效应与强恒磁场相似,也表现为负向的生物学效应。同其它生物效应一样,磁场对对虾胚胎发育的效应也与胚胎受磁场处理时间的长短有密切关系。1000GS交变磁场的表明:磁场处理胚胎的时间越长,则其对胚胎发育的效应越明显,反之则不明显或无。实验结果亦表明:对虾胚胎发育的不同时期对磁场的敏感程度不同。原肠期最敏感,囊胚期次之,肢芽期最不敏感。磁场对胚胎发育的影响机制非常复杂。恒磁场有可能通过影响参与胚胎发育的一些酶的活性及改变胚胎内部正常的物质分布及传递,从而对胚胎发育产生影响。变磁场对胚胎发育的影响更为复杂,其中包括生物电效应,即变磁场通过造成胚胎内磁场通量的瞬间变化,引起胚胎内产生感应电场及感应电流。感应电场及感应电流对胚胎发育的正常具有不利影响。
Resumo:
2002年10月至2003年12月,在可可西里对藏原羚(Procapra picticaudata)的集群行为进行了初步研究.将其集群划分为雌性群、雄性群、母仔群、雌雄混群和独羚5种类型.共统计藏原羚924群次,计3643只次.其中,雌性群525群次,占56.8%,为最多的集群类型;其余为独羚(26.1%)、雄性群(11.0%)、母仔群(3.0%)和雌雄混群(3.0%).不同大小集群的比例亦有极显著差异,其中2-10只的集群占70.0%,独羚占26.1%,其余为3.9%;最大集群为17只.另外,选择2-8只的集群的个体数占72.9%,选择8只以上集群的个体数为20.5%,独羚仅占6.6%,选择不同大小集群的个体数的差异也极为显著(P<0.001).除独羚外,其余4种集群类型的集群大小存在极显著差异.独羚作为一种特殊的集群类型,其雄性个体的比例占到68.1%,这说明雄性个体比雌性更容易形成独羚.总体而言,藏原羚的集群以雌性群为主,最适集群大小为2-8只.
Resumo:
根据3窝14只甘肃鼠兔幼子56天的生长发育资料初步分析了甘肃鼠兔的生长发育规律。依据逻辑斯蒂曲线的拐点 ,甘肃鼠兔的体重生长可划分为加速增长相 ( 0~205日龄 )和减速增长相 ( 205日龄以后 )。按照瞬时生长率曲线的拐点 ,体重增长过程可分为 3个时期 ,即缓慢生长期 ( 0~6 5日龄 )、快速生长期 ( 6 5~ 345日龄 )和渐进生长期 ( 345日龄以后 )。文章对使用逻辑斯蒂方程和其它“S”形曲线描述动物生长过程存在的一些问题进行了讨论 ,认为:如果只用1条“S”形曲线描述动物的整个生长过程,就有可能会因为成年期动物生长规律的变化而破坏模型参数的生物学意义 ,同时引起模型拟合精度的降低。为克服这一问题,作者建议:在使用“S”形曲线拟合动物生长模型时,生长过程的资料最好不要覆盖体重波动较大的成年阶段。
Isolation, characterization and crystal structure of natural eremophilenolide from Ligularia sagitta
Resumo:
A new eremophilenolide 1beta, 10beta-epoxy-6beta-acetoxy-3beta-angeloyloxy-8beta-hydrox y-eremophil-7(11)-en-8, 12alpha-olide (1), together with liguhodgsonal (2), esculetin (3) and beta-sitosterol (4), was isolated from the aerial parts of Ligularia sagitta. The structure of the new constituent (1) was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Resumo:
In the production tail of oilfield, water-cut is very high in thick channel sand oil reservoir, but recovery efficiency is relative low, and recoverable remaining oil reserves is more abundant, so these reserves is potential target of additional development. The remaining oil generally distributed with accumulation in certain areas, controlled by the reservoir architecture that mainly is the lateral accretion shale beddings in the point bar, so the study of reservoir architecture and the remaining oil distribution patterns controlled by architecture are very significant. In this paper, taking the Minghuazhen formation of Gangxi oilfield as a case, using the method of hierarchy analysis, pattern fitting and multidimensional interaction, the architecture of the meandering river reservoir is precisely anatomized, and the remaining oil distribution patterns controlled by the different hierarchy architecture are summarized, which will help to guide the additional development of oil fields. Not only is the study significant to the remaining oil forecasting, but also it is important for the theory development of reservoir geology. With the knowledge of sequence correlation and fluvial correlation model, taking many factors into account, such as combination of well and seismic data, hierarchical controlling, sedimentary facies restraint, performance verification and 3-D closure, an accurate sequence frame of the study area was established. On the basis of high-resolution stratigraphic correlation, single layer and oil sand body are correlated within this frame, and four architecture hierarchies, composite channel, single channels, point bars and lateral accretion sandbody are identified, The result indicates that Minghuazhen Formation of Gangxi oilfield are dominated by meandering river deposition, including two types of channel sandbodies, narrow band and wide band channel sandbody, and each of them has different characteristics of facies variation laterally. Based on the identification of composite channel, according to the spatial combination patterns and identified signs of single channel, combined with channel sandbody distribution and tracer material data, single channel sandbodies are identified. According to empirical formula, point-bar scales of the study area are predicted, and three identification signs are summarized, that is, positive rhythm in depositional sequence, the maximum thick sand and near close to the abandoned channel, and point bars are identified. On the basis of point bar recognition, quantitative architecture models inner point bar are ascertained, taking the lateral accretion sand body and lateral accretion shale beddings in single well as foundation, and quantitative architecture models inner point bar as guidance, and result of tracer material data as controlling, the the lateral accretion sand body and lateral accretion shale beddings are forecasted interwell, so inner architecture of point bar is anatomied. 3-D structural model, 3-D facies model and 3-D petrophysical properties models are set up, spatial distribution characteristics of sedimentary facies and petrophysical properties is reappeared. On the basis of reservoir architecture analysis and performance production data, remaining oil distribution patterns controlled by different hierarchy architecture units, stacked channel, single channel and inner architecture of point bar, are summarized, which will help to guide the additional development of oil fields.
Resumo:
本研究选择有代表性的陕西省潼关县(小秦岭地区)采金地区作为研究对象,从环境地球化学的角度出发,研究了该地区由于受采金活动的影响后,大气、水体、土壤以及农作物中总汞和甲基汞的分布,探讨汞在采金地区环境中迁移、转化和富集的环境地球化学行为和规律,并估算了渲关县及全国在过去二十多年里,由混汞法炼金活动向环境释放汞的总量,最后对混汞法采金地区的环境管理提出可行性建一议。通过本论文的详细研究,主要得出以下结论:1.潼关县辖区大气汞的分布呈明显的空间梯度关系,炼金厂密集区大气汞含量明显高于其它地区,距离炼金厂越远,大气汞含量越低。大型炼金厂混汞提金车间内的平均大气汞浓度为18,047ng/m~3,最高达33,080ng/m~3;距离炼金厂密集区较近和较远的居民区的平均大气汞浓度分别为385ng/m~3和77ng/m~3;而一些偏远地区大气汞的平均浓度降至29ng/m~3,受炼金活动影响较 小的黄河沿岸背景区的平均大气汞浓度只有2ng/m~3。通过估算,潼关县炼金矿工汞蒸气的平均摄入量高达72,804~75,268ng/d,而当地非矿工居民(成人)每天的摄入量也有924~4,620ng。2.潼关县内泉水和井水中总汞的平均浓度有329.2ng/L,其中各形态汞的浓度都相对较高,说明金矿地区的汞背景值可能较高,且地下水也可能受到一定程度的汞污染;冷暖两季水样中溶解态汞浓度和暖季的甲基汞浓度要比泉水和井水中的溶解态汞和甲基汞浓度分别高出几倍,其它形态汞则要高出几百倍;水样中的活性汞和溶解态汞浓度表现出极显著的相关关系;冷季水样的活性汞和溶解态汞平均浓度要略高于暖季的水样,而颗粒态汞恰恰相反;两季采集的一些水样中活性汞在溶解态汞中占有较高的比例,但总汞均以颗粒态为主,大多超过50%。3.冷暖两季沉积物中平均总汞浓度分别高达151.1和44.6μg/g,甲基汞平均浓度分别为7.1和3.6ng/g,而暖季沉积物中总汞与甲基汞含量表现出极显著的相关关系;水体颗粒物和沉积物主要来源于炼金厂排出的废渣和尾矿,拥有较高的重金属(Hg、Fe、Mn和Cu)含量,且两者之间体现出一定的继承关系,但颗粒物由于粒径小,表面积大,含有机颗粒多,吸附能力强,所以其中的重金属含量要明显高于沉积物中的重金属含量;颗粒物中汞含量与Fe、Mn、Cu的含量之间均表现出极显著的相关性,而沉积物中汞含量仅与Cu含量之间有一定的相关性,与其它重金属含量的相关性不明显。4.潼关县辖区金矿石中汞的平均含量是69.2ng/g,而炼金尾矿中汞的平均含量竟高达628,4林吮,高出原矿石样中汞平均含量10,000倍,其它重金属(Fe、Mn、Cu)由于受炼金活动影响较小,其含量变化并不十分明显;黄土由于自身的特殊质地和性质,受炼金活动的干扰较小,其中的各重金属含量能够较好的反映其背景含量水平;撞关地区采集的土壤样品中总汞和甲基汞含量均要比黄土中的含量高约50倍,而其它重金属含量与黄土背景值无明显差异;土壤中甲基汞在总汞含量中所占比例较小(分布在0.001%~0.57%之间),说明潼关地区土壤中汞的甲基化水平较低。5.苔鲜样品中的高汞含量反映了采金地区较高的大气汞沉降水平;河流水藻中高含量的总汞和甲基汞体现出汞在生物体内超强的富集作用;潼关县大多数农作物样品中的汞主要来源于大气,且几乎所有样品的汞含量都严重超出国家食用标准,最高超标倍数达到60;农作物中甲基汞含量占总汞的比例在0.12%~12.34%之间波动,其中蔬菜类作物的甲基汞比例要高于粮食作物,而总体来说,作物体内的总汞和甲基汞含量之间表现出一定的负相关关系;通过估算,潼关县居民由于粮食作物(小麦)的食用每天摄入的总汞量高达54,72Ong,要高于当地居民(非矿工)通过呼吸吸入的汞蒸气量,且已超出国际上对人体汞摄入量标准的有关规定。6.潼关县水体、沉积物、土壤以及农作物中的甲基汞含量相对总汞而言,都表现了相对较低的水平,原因可能是受石英脉型金矿地区地质背景的影响,大量存在的Fe、Mn类化合物对离子态汞有着较强的束缚能力,减缓或抑制了甲基化的发生。7.通过混汞法生产黄金的产量和汞释放因子的调研和确定,估算在1980~2003年期间,全国混汞炼金行业向环境释放汞累计达1476.6t,其中约有78%进入大气;而仅潼关县就有116.5t,约占全国的7.9%:目前(1996年以后),由于混汞法工艺的改进,汞的释放量大大降低,全国混汞炼金行业平均每年释放汞约30t,憧关县平均每年有3.9t,约占全国年平均释放量的13%。