The solution properties of phenolphthalein poly(arylether sulfone) .1. The solubility behavior and determination of M-II equations

A series of narrow molecular weight distribution fractions of phenolphthalein polyarylether sulfone(PES-C) had been prepared, The <(M) over bar (w)> of these fractions were determined by conventional light scattering method. The [eta] and the Huggins slope constant k' in DMF, CHCl3 and 1,2-dichloroethane were also determined. The Huggins constants are greater than 0.5 in all of these solvents showing a special solubility behavior. The Mark-Houwink equations of PES-C in these solvents at 25 degrees C are [eta] = 2.79 x 10(-2) <(M) over bar (0.615)(w)> (DMF); [eta] = 3.96 x 10(-2) <(M) over bar (0.58)(w)> (CHCl3); [eta] = 7.40 x 10(-2) <(M) over bar (0.52)(w)> (CH2ClCH2Cl).

Magnetic and electric properties of Bi(La)Sr(Ca)Mn2O6

Bi1-xLaxSrMn2O6 and BiSr1-xCaxMn2O6 are prepared by solid state reaction. They are n-type semiconductors with ferromagnetism at room temperture. When Bi is substituted partly by rare earth, a negative magnetoresistance effect is observed in the pellet of Bi1-xLaxSrMn2O6. There are semiconductor-metal transitions at 820 K in BiSrMn2O6. The transitions are attributed to the magnetic transition at high temperature. The substitution of Ca for Sr makes the transition temperature increase. However, when Bi is partly substituted by La, the solid solution does not change into metal. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc.

一种新型含酞侧基聚芳醚砜的稀溶液性质研究（Ⅰ）──溶解行为和M－H方程的测定

制备了窄分布的含酞侧基聚芳醚砜（ＰＥＳ－Ｃ）级份样品，用光散射法测定样品重均分子量，粘度法测定样品在ＤＭＦ、ＣＨＣｌ＿３和１，２－Ｃ＿２Ｈ＿４Ｃｌ＿２中的特性粘数和Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ参数ｋ＇值。ｋ＇值远大于０．５反映了体系中存在特殊的溶解行为。得到ＰＥＳ－Ｃ在３种溶剂中的Ｍａｒｋ－Ｈｏｕｗｉｎｋ方程：

EFFECTS OF METAL-IONS ON THE CONFORMATION OF POLAR HEADGROUP OF SPHINGOMYELIN BILAYER

With the wide application of rare earth in agriculture, medicament, especially the application of Gd-DTPA as nuclear magnetic resonance image reagent in clinical practice([1]), the studies on the toxicology in biological body, as well as the study on the use as informative probes instead of divalent calcium ion in biological and biochemical research have attracted intensive concern([2]). Phospholipids bilayers have served as a model of biomembrane in the last two decades. The effects of metal ions on the conformation of polar headgroup of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers have been reported([3]). Sphingomyelin is major component of several biological tissues such as brain and nerve cells and has identical polar headgroup to DPPC. The interaction of metal ions with sphingomyelin bilayer remains nonrevealed. This note presents the results of the study on this aspect.

ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDY OF CHOLINE DERIVATIVES TRANSFER ACROSS THE LIQUID LIQUID INTERFACE

Transfer behaviors across the water/nitrobenzene interface were studied for five choline derivatives by chronopotentiometry with linear current scanning, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The irreversible hydrolysis reactions coupled to the phase transfer of ions across the water/nitrobenzene interface were observed. The Gibbs energies of the transfer of choline derivatives show the effects of an additive constitution on hydrophobic property of the medicine.

胆碱类药物的液液界面电化学研究

用循环线性电流扫描计时电位法(CLC)、循环伏安法(CV)和微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究了五种胆碱类药物在水/硝基苯界面(W/NB)上的转移行为.在水相溶液呈碱性时,观察到了伴有不可逆水解反应的相转移过程.讨论了药物结构中的取代基效应,并依据离子转移的标准 Gibbs 能△_o~wG_(tr)~o 度量了取代基的疏水性效应及药物的脂溶性.

东海地球物理场及深部地质构造研究

东海及邻域位于东亚大陆边缘，包括宽阔的陆架，相对较窄的陆坡和西太平洋典型的沟－弧－盆体系。这一地区地质结构、区域构造和形成演化的研究不仅对了解欧亚与太平洋二大板块间的相互作用和全球板块构造发展有重要意义；而且对于寻找丰富的油气和天然气水合物资源，维护我国海洋主权和权益，进行地质灾害预测，保护海洋环境，促进国民经济建设均具有重要意义；同时，对于探索印支运动以来亚洲东部大陆的构造演化也非常重要。独特的大地构造位置，丰富的矿产资源使其成为国内外地学研究的热点，也成为中日海洋划界，海洋主权与权益争夺的重要地区。 本文以《我国海域1：100万地质地球物理系列图编制》项目为依托，收集东海及邻域岩石物性资料，利用东海及邻域重力异常数据和磁力异常数据进行地球物理场特征分析，并进行重磁资料数据处理，主要有解析延拓和小波分析，同时反演了深部界面，包括莫霍面深度，地壳厚度，磁性基底深度和居里面深度，通过地质地球物理综合解释，进而研究区域地质特征和构造区划，并对东海的构造演化进行讨论。 利用东海及邻域最新重力数据进行解析延拓处理中，本文提出分区进行不同延拓高度的解析延拓处理，即从浙闽隆起到东海陆架盆地区，进行上延20km处理；从东海陆坡到琉球弧前盆地区，进行上延10km处理；从琉球海沟到菲律宾海区，进行上延5km处理，在此基础上获得了综合上延布格重力异常数据，并分析其变化规律。随着延拓高度的增加，浅部异常压制增大，异常曲线更加圆滑，深部构造特征更明显，东海布格重力异常自西向东的变化规律更清晰。经过计算统计，分区计算处理方法可行，所得结果可信。 小波分析是重磁场位场分解的有效工具，不仅能提取深部异常，还能更好地将区域异常和局部异常分离。利用东海及邻域最新的布格重力异常数据资料，将小波分析与解析延拓方法相结合，分析对比向上延拓20km的布格重力异常结果与小波分析4阶逼近布格重力异常结果，求取东海及邻域莫霍面的深度，并对重力场及莫霍面深度进行初步研究。其中小波4阶逼近结果代表莫霍面形态，小波4阶细节结果代表东海及邻域凹陷形态。 本文计算的东海莫霍面深度在12～34 km之间变化，莫霍面呈现两凹两凸形态，起伏变化很大。东海地壳厚度为6～34km，东海陆架地区地壳厚度变化与大陆地区相比并不明显，显著减薄开始于冲绳海槽地区，琉球岛弧处地壳厚度明显再度增加，认为东海地壳自西而东从陆壳－过渡壳－洋壳逐渐过渡的。 东海磁性基底主要为火山岩、变质岩和火成岩。磁性基底深度起伏变化较大，东海研究区磁性基底深度在4～12 km之间变化，在各个地区磁性基底深度变化不一，编制的磁性基底深度等值线图反映了磁性基底的展布。 东海居里面总体趋势由陆壳向洋壳变浅，整个东海海域居里面深度在14～29 km之间变化，深度等值线呈浑圆状，并且居里面不是单一的递增或递减的变化，而是呈现起伏变化的特征。 东海地区重磁异常最明显特征是沿NE或NNE向展布，是断裂与构造分带的综合反映。根据东海重磁异常图、莫霍面深度图、地壳厚度图、磁性基底深度图及居里面深度图的分析结果认为，东海总的区域构造背景为东西分带，南北分块。东西分带是印支运动以来的主要构造特征，是中生代以来欧亚板块与太平洋板块相互作用在东海地区的反映；南北分块是印支以前的主要构造特征，是早中生代以前中国陆核形成发育，块体多次结合分离，最终形成中国大陆这一过程的反映。自西向东划分为浙闽隆起区、东海陆架盆地、钓鱼岛岩浆岩带（东海陆坡）、冲绳海槽盆地、琉球隆褶区和菲律宾海盆六大构造单元。 本文应用最新的重力、磁力、地震和区域地质资料，在对物性进行了比较全面分析的基础上，利用先进的数据处理技术，首次提出了分区延拓处理方法和混合处理法，并在实际应用中取得非常好的效果；获得了东海及邻域莫霍面、居里面、磁性基底等几个主要深部界面，综合分析了各个界面的特点和相互之间的关系；进一步探讨了这一地区的深部地壳结构，为油气和天然气水合物等矿产资源调查与评价提供了新成果。

青海湖区东部沙地植被及其特征研究

根据野外样地调查资料,对青海湖区东部沙地植被从区系特征及其物种多样性进行了研究,结果表明:①青海湖东部沙地植被种类组成简单,共有27科58属71种.其中禾本科比重最高为22.535%,其次为菊科占12.676%;再次为豆科占9.8592%;桔梗科等14科比重较小均占1.4085%.②地理成分上,湖东沙地植物区系以世界分布为主,共有16科,湖区植物区系中的优势科均为世界广布科;其次是温带成分10科;热带亚热带成分仅有1科.③生活型以多年生地面芽植物和地下芽植物为主,两者种类系数之和达到76.06%,一年生植物所占种类比重最小.④湖东沙地植被群丛多以单一优势种为主,物种多样性指数H、丰富度指数R1和均匀度指数Jsw三者的变化趋势大致是一致的,即随物种的增多,他们的指数趋向增大;生态优势度C的变化趋势则正好相反.⑤湖东沙地群丛物种相似性差异较大.固定沙地之间植被群丛相似性较高,流动半流动沙地与流动沙地之间则较低.

数量性状水平上甘、青两省春小麦品种间的遗传多样性现状及演变趋势

在数量性状水平上，调查了43个春小麦品种的19个数量性状，利用主成分分析法计算品种间的欧氏平方遗传距离，并在此基础上用最小方差法做了聚类分析。发现43个品种间在数量性状水平上的遗传距离变异范围很大（0.926～67.942），平均遗传距离为18.000，说明供试品种的19个考察性状上存在较大的表型变异。从聚类结果来看，地方品种基本上被聚在一起，说明地方品种同引进品种和育成品种至少在表型上存在较大差异。从20世纪40年代以来，在数量水平上甘、青两省春小麦地方品种间的遗传多样性水平最高（GD＝31.389)，其次是20世纪50年代引进品种（GD＝26.308)，而育成品种间的遗传多样性水平最低，总体上呈下降趋势。说明随着育种进程的深入，作为育种目标追求的经济性状趋于一致，其变异集中在一个狭小的范围之内，品种间的遗传多样性下降。

碎屑锆石年龄和Nd-Hf同位素组成对扬子基底演化的制约

The South China craton was formed by the collision of the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks during the Neoproterozoic Jiangnan orogeny (also termed as the Jingnin or Sibao orogeny in Chinese literature). Basement rocks within the Yangtze block consist mainly of Proterozoic sediments of the Lengjiaxi and Banxi Groups. U-Pb ages of detrital zircons obtained by the LA-ICP-MS dating technique imply that the deposition of the Lengjiaxi Group continued until the Neoproterozoic. The youngest detrital zircons suggest a maximum deposition age of ~830 Ma for the Lengjiaxi Group, consistent with the initiation time of the deposition of the overlying Banxi Group, likely indicating continuous deposition of these two groups and a short temporal hiatus (~10 Ma) between the Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks distributed in the South China craton. Detrital zircons from both the Lengjiaxi and Banxi Groups have a wide range of εHf(t) values from -12 to 14.2 and a continuous Nd and Hf model age spectrum from ~820 Ma to 2200 Ma. Some grains have model ages ranging up to ca. 2.9-3.5 Ga, indicating that both juvenile mantle material and ancient crust provided sedimentary detritus. This is also consistent with the Nd isotopic signature of sedimentary rocks recorded in the Lengjiaxi Group, suggesting a back-arc tectonic setting. The Banxi Group has slightly enriched Nd isotopic signatures relative to the Lengjiaxi Group, implying a higher percentage of old continental material in the sedimentary source. Combined with previously published data, new results can help us to reconstruct the Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the South China craton. The age spectrum of detrital zircons and Nd-Hf isotopic composition suggests a two-stage collision: Between 1000 Ma to 870 Ma, a continental magmatic arc was build up along the eastern margin of the Yangtze block. Convergence led to continent-based back-arc extension, subsidence and formation of a back-arc basin. Detritus originating from arc-related magmatic and old basement rocks was transported into this back-arc basin resulting in formation of the Lengjiaxi Group and its equivalents. At around 870 Ma, a second (oceanic) arc was formed by extension of an inter-arc basin, subduction subsequently led to the first collision and the emplacement of the blueschist mélange. Accretion of the magmatic arc lasted until the closure of an oceanic basin between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks at about 830 Ma. Shortly after the collision, subsequent uplift, further extension of the former back-arc basin and post-collisional granitoid magmatism caused a tilting of the Lengjiaxi sediments. Between 830 Ma and 820 Ma, subsequent closure of the oceanic back-arc basin and formation of the Jiangnan orogen took place, leaving a regional unconformity above the Lengjiaxi Group. Above this unconformity the Banxi Group was immediately deposited during the post-tectonic stage.

柿竹园钨、锡多金属矿田成矿流体地球化学研究

南岭地区是我国最重要的有色、稀有金属矿产资源产地，尤以钨、锡等金属的大规模爆发式成矿而闻名于世，已发现了一大批大型、超大型稀有和有色金属矿床。近年来的研究发现，这些矿床的形成很可能与华南地区中生代发生的大规模地壳拉张、岩石圈伸展减薄以及壳―幔相互作用的独特地质背景有关。本论文以与千里山花岗岩体密切相关的柿竹园钨锡钼铋铅锌矿田（以下简称柿竹园矿田）为研究对象，运用流体包裹体、稳定同位素和稀有气体同位素地球化学等方法，对其成矿流体的物理化学特征、来源及演化进行了研究，并在此基础上探讨了千里山花岗岩体与柿竹园矿田间的成因联系和矿田的成矿作用机制，获得以下主要研究成果： 1. 利用流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学以及包裹体成分的激光拉曼分析技术，揭示了矿田中柿竹园钨锡钼铋矿床成矿流体的性质和演化特征。研究表明柿竹园钨锡钼铋矿床成矿流体为中高温、中高盐度H2O-NaCl-CaCl2-CO2-CH4-H2S-F体系。成矿流体的均一温度、盐度、密度和压力变化范围均较大，成矿早期夕卡岩阶段和云英岩阶段的流体具有较高的均一温度（239～477℃）和盐度（0～39.08 wt% NaCl eq.），云英岩网脉夕卡岩阶段和后期石英萤石脉阶段均一温度和盐度逐渐降低（分别为160～450℃，1.23～16.53 wt% NaCl eq.和156～340℃，1.23～4.49 wt% NaCl eq.）。夕卡岩阶段发生了流体沸腾作用。流体密度为0.37～1.12 g/cm3，主要集中在0.7～0.9 g/cm3；压力为10～820 bar，一般小于800 bar。野鸡尾锡铜矿床的成矿流体属于中高温度、中等盐度的H2O-NaCl-CaCl2-CO2-CH4-H2S-F型体系，柴山铅锌矿床属中温中等盐度H2O-NaCl-CaCl2-CO2-F体系，其均一温度和压力变化范围也较大。 2. 通过分析主要矿化类型矿石矿物及脉石矿物的C、H、O、S等稳定同位素特征，揭示了柿竹园矿田成矿流体的来源，并对C、O同位素的组成进行了CO2去气、流体混合和水―岩反应的理论模拟。研究表明矿田成矿流体主要来自千里山花岗岩浆，并有大气降水加入。水―岩反应在成矿过程中起着重要作用。 3. 对矿田不同矿化类型矿石矿物黄铁矿、黄铜矿、毒砂、方铅矿等进行了He、Ar同位素研究，其中3He/4He值为0.059～1.662 Ra（Ra为空气的3He/4He值，1 Ra＝1.39×10-6），40Ar/36Ar值为289.8～1071.8，表明矿田成矿流体具有壳-幔两端员混合的特征。壳源组分为获得了大量地壳放射成因4He，但获得放射成因40Ar*较少的经过地下循环的低温饱和大气水。而幔源组分来自千里山花岗岩浆流体，表明千里山花岗岩并非传统的S型花岗岩。 4. 在总结前人研究成果的基础上，结合本次研究，建立了柿竹园矿田成矿作用模式：中生代华南岩石圈发生拉张、伸展作用，地幔物质上涌，发生壳幔相互作用，形成千里山花岗岩浆。花岗岩浆充分分异演化形成富含挥发分和成矿元素的成矿流体，与泥盆系碳酸盐岩发生反应而沉淀成矿。成矿过程有大气降水的加入，并发生了流体沸腾作用。

An efficient approach to modify the catalyst activity for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene

The addition of a suitable amount of PPh3 to PdCl2 or PdCl2(PhCN)(2) in situ can considerably increase the catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene, while the catalytic activities of PdCl2 (reduced)+PPh3, PdCl2(PPh3)(2) and Pd(PPh3)(4) are very poor. The poisoning of catalyst by mercury indicates that the catalytically active species are composed of Pd(0) colloidal particles. Transmission electron micrographs show that the size of nanometric Pd(0) particles of PdCl2 with PPh3 added in situ is smaller than that of PhCl2(PPh3) or PdCl2 (reduced)+PPh3. A synergic effect of bimetallic catalysts such as PdCl2+nPPh(3)+NiCl2 (n= 0.5, 1) and PdCl2(PhCN)(2)+PPh3+FeCl3 gives rise to a further increase in the catalytic activity.