Two new coordination polymers of Co(II) with 1,1 '-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(benzimidazole)

Two new compounds, [CoL2(H2O)(2)](NO3)(2). 8H(2)O (1) and [CoL(H2O)(2)(CH3CO2)(2)]. H2O (2), were obtained from self-assembly of the corresponding metal salts with 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(benzimidazole) (L). In 1, each cobalt ion is coordinated to four nitrogen atoms from four molecules of L, and to two water molecules. Metal ions are bridged by L ligands to form infinite (4, 4) networks that contain 44-membered rings. The (4, 4) networks of 1 stack in a parallel fashion, resulting in the formation of large channels in the material. In 2, each cobalt ion is coordinated to two N atoms from two L molecules, two water molecules and two carboxylate O atoms from two acetate anions. Each L molecule is coordinated to two cobalt ions, acting as a bridging ligand as in 1. The bridged cobalt ions form an infinite zigzag chain structure.

蒺藜化学成分的研究

目的：研究蒺藜(Tribulus terrestris L.)中生物活性物质。方法：用硅胶柱色谱、HPLC进行分离，根据光谱数据鉴定其结构。结果：分离纯化得到两种呋甾皂苷，确定其结构为26-Ｏ-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-(25R,S)-5α-呋甾-12-羰基-20(22)-烯基-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D吡喃葡糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ｉ)；26-Ｏ-β-D吡喃葡糖基-(25R)-5α-呋甾-12-羰基-3β,22α,26-三醇-3-Ｏ-β-D-吡喃葡糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(Ⅱ)。结论：Ｉ,Ⅱ均为新化合物

ELECTROCHEMICAL FORMATION OF NI-Y INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND LAYER IN MOLTEN CHLORIDE

The reduction of Y(III) ions in molten chloride is known to be a one-step three electron reaction [1, 2, 3], but a voltammogram of YCl3 in molten LiCl-KCl-NaCl at a nickel electrode shows at least two reduction peaks of Y(III) ions, indicating the possibility of formation of Ni-Y intermetallic compounds. Using a galvanostatic electrolysis method, samples were prepared at several current densities at 450, 500, 600 and 700-degrees-C, respectively, and were identified with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) methods. The results show that Ni2Y, Ni2Y3 and NiY can be produced by electrolysis and Ni2Y is found to be the predominant Ni-Y intermetallic compound under the experimental conditions. Nickel appears to diffuse in Ni2Y faster than yttrium, and the diffusion process is the rate determining step during Ni2Y formation.

SYNTHESES AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE COMPLEXES OF RARE EARTH WITH FUMARIC ACID

Six compounds of M2F3 center dot 1.2H(2)O (M=EU, Ga, Tb, Y, Er, LU: H2F=Fumaric acid) have been synthesized. The structures of Eu(III), T b(III), Y(III), Er(III) and Lu(III) compounds have been determined by singal crystal X-ray diffraction method. The complex of Eu(III) crystallizes in tri-clinic space group P (1) over bar, and the coordination number of Eu3+ is ten. The other four complexes crystallize in monclinic space P2(1)/c, and the coordination numbers of the metal ions are eight. Each of the complexes shows a three-dimensional net structures.

反丁烯二酸稀土配合物的合成及晶体结构

合成了反丁烯二酸C_4H_4O_4与六种稀土(Eu,Gd,Tb,Y,Er,Lu)的配合物M_2F_3·12H_2O(H_2F=C_4H_4O_4).用X 射线衍射法测定了它们的晶体学参数,并测定了其中五种配合物的结构.指出存在两类不同的结构,其中铕配合物为三斜晶系,空间群P(?),铕离子配位数为10.(?)、钇、铒、镥配合物为单斜晶系,空间群为P2_1/c,配位数为8.配合物均具有三维网状结构.

Molecular cloning and expression of interleukin 1beta (IL-1 beta) from red seabream (Pagrus major)

The interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) cDNA was cloned from the red seabream (Pagrus major) by homology cloning strategy. A cDNA fragment was amplified by PCR using two degenerated primers, which were designed according to the conserved regions of other known IL-1beta sequences, and elongated by 3' ends and 5' ends RACE PCR to get the full length coding sequence of red seabream IL-1beta (RS IL-1beta). The sequence contained 1252 nucleotides that included a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 84 bp, a 3' UTR of 410 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 759 nucleotides which could be translated into a putative peptide of 253 amino acids with molecular weight of 28.6 kD and putative isoelectric point pI of 5.29. The deduced peptide contained two potential N-glycosylation sites and an identifiable IL1 family signature, but lacked the signal peptide and the clear ICE cut site, which were common in other nonmammalian IL-1beta genes. The RS IL-1beta had the highest homology with piscine IL-1beta according to phylogenetic tree analysis. The transcript expression was detected in blood, brain, gill, heart, head kidney, kidney, liver, muscle and spleen in the pathogen challenged and healthy red seabream by RTPCR. Results showed that the RS IL-1beta mRNA was constitutively expressed in most of the tissues both in stimulated and un-stimulated fish, and the expression could be enhanced by pathogen challenging.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a short type peptidoglycan recognition protein (CfPGRP-S1) cDNA from Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri

Peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) specifically binds to peptidoglycan and plays a crucial role in the innate immune responses as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR). The cDNA of a short type PGRP was cloned from scallop Chlamys farreri (named CfPGRP-SI) by homology cloning with degenerate primers, and confirmed by virtual Northern blots. The full length of CfPGRP-SI cDNA was 1073 bp in length, including a 5 ' untranslated region (UTR) of 59 bp, a 3 ' UTR of 255 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 759 bp encoding a polypeptide of 252 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 27.88 kDa and a predicted isoelectric point of 8.69. BLAST analysis revealed that CfPGRP-S1 shared high identities with other known PGRPs. A conserved PGRP domain and three zinc-binding sites were present at its C-terminus. The temporal expression of QPGRP-S1 gene in healthy, Vibrio anguillarum-challenged and Micrococcus lysodeikticus-challenged scallops was measured by RT-PCR analysis. The expression of CfPGRP-S1 was upregulated initially in the first 12 h or 24 h either by M. lysodeikticus or V. anguillarum challenge and reached the maximum level at 24 h or 36 h, then dropped progressively, and recovered to the original level as the stimulation decreased at 72 h. There was no significant difference between V. anguillarum and M. lysodeikticus challenge. The results indicated that the CfPGRP-S1 was a constitutive and inducible acute-phase protein which was involved in the immune response against bacterial infection. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

New sphingolipids with a previously unreported 9-Methyl-C-20-sphingosine moiety from a marine algous endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger EN-13

Asperamides A (1) and B (2), a sphingolipid and their corresponding glycosphingolipid possessing a hitherto unreported 9-methyl-C-20-sphingosine moiety, were characterized from the culture extract of Aspergillus niger EN-13, an endophytic fungus isolated from marine brown alga Colpomenia sinuosa. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods as (2S,2'R,3R,3'E,4E,8E)-N-(2'-hydroxy-3'-hexadecenoyl)-9-methyl-4,8-icosadien-1,3-diol (1) and 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,2'R,3R,3'E,4E,8E)-N-(2'-hydroxy-3'-hexadecenoyl)-9-methyl-4,8-icosadien-1,3-diol (2). In the antifungal assay, asperamide A (1) displayed moderate activity against Candida albicans.

Chemical constituents from euphorbia wallichii

Eleven known compounds were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia wallichii for the first time. They were elucidated to be three triterpenoids, β-amyrin (1), β-amyrin acetate (2) and 3β-acetoxy-lupenol (3), one nor-triterpene peroxide baccatin (4), two caffeic esters (5a, 5b), palmitic acid-2,3-dihydroxypropanenyl ester (6), palmitic acid (7), scopoletin (8), β-sitosterol (9) and daucosterol (10) on the basis of spectral methods. Among them, compound 5a, 5b were reported firstly in the spurge family. And the NMR assignments of compounds 5a and 5b were given for the first time.

青藏高原高寒灌丛生态系统二氧化碳通量研究

本论文以青藏高原东北部海北地区高寒灌丛（Alpine Shrub）生态系统为研究对象，利用微气象观测系统及涡度相关（Eddy Covariance）技术，自2003年1月1日至2005年12月31日对该类广布于青藏高原的典型高寒草地类型进行长期连续观测。在对生态系统CO2净交换（NEE）以及群落叶面积指数（LAI）、生物量等生物学指标和光合有效辐射（PAR）、温度、土壤水分、脉冲性降水事件等主要环境因子进行连续监测的基础上，重点分析和探讨了海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)在时、日、月及年际尺度上的变化模式，生长季与非生长季高寒灌丛生态系统CO2净交换特征，高寒灌丛生态系统大气CO2源/汇年际差异，土壤温度、昼夜温差、光合有效辐射、脉冲性降水事件等主要环境因子影响。从而，揭示了不同时间尺度下的高寒灌丛生态系统NEE变化规律，阐明主要环境因子对生态系统NEE的影响，明确了该生态系统大气CO2源/汇状况及其季节分布模式；同时，也为青藏高原区域尺度的高寒草地生态系统CO2通量研究和碳收支的估算提供科学依据和基础数据，对进一步揭示我国乃至亚洲陆地生态系统的碳收支状况有着重要意义。主要研究结果概括为以下几个方面： 1、海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统净生态系统CO2交换时动态特征存在很大的季节性差异，暖季小时NEE变化振幅大，CO2净吸收的极值一般出现在午间，最大吸收量为1.7 g CO2 m-2 h-1左右。夜间为CO2净释放，净生态系统交换值较为稳定（0.5~ 0.9 g CO2 m-2 h-1）；冷季日变化振幅极小，除14:00~18:00时一定量CO2释放外，其余时段通量均很小。 2、从日平均净生态系统CO2交换来看，6~9月日平均NEE一般为负值（CO2净吸收），2003~2005年6~9 月间日平均NEE分别为-5.65 g CO2 m-2 d-1、-6.08 g CO2 m-2 d-1和-4.81 g CO2 m-2 d-1；而10~12月及翌年1~5月期间日平均NEE通常为正值（CO2净释放），该时段3年高寒灌丛日平均净生态系统CO2交换分别为1.91 g CO2 m-2 d-1、1.90 g CO2 m-2 d-1和2.19 g CO2 m-2 d-1。2003~2004年高寒灌丛生态系统CO2净释放维持天数分别为249 d、 254 d和264 d，2003年净释放维持天数最少，而净吸收维持天数2005年最少（101d）。2003、2004和2005年全年日平均CO2净吸收分别为0.611 g CO2 m-2 d-1、0.759 g CO2 m-2 d-1和0.167 g CO2 m-2 d-1。 3、就季节差异而言，2003、2004和2005年整个生长季节高寒灌丛平均CO2日净生态系统交换分别为-3.99 g CO2 m-2 d-1、-4.59 g CO2 m-2 d-1、-3.27 g CO2 m-2 d-1。7、8月生长季节CO2净吸收的最高，2003、2004、2005年7月和8月份高寒灌丛生态系统CO2净吸收分别为222 g CO2 m-2 和224 g CO2 m-2、355 g CO2 m-2和216 g CO2 m-2、263 g CO2 m-2和186 g CO2 m-2。在相对短暂的生长季节海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统表现出显著的大气CO2净吸收能力，2003、2004和2005年生长季节高寒灌丛生态系统CO2净吸收量分别为610 g CO2 m-2、701 g CO2 m-2和500 g CO2 m-2。相对于温度等环境因子，高寒灌丛生态系统生长季白昼NEE小时变化规律更受光合有效辐射变化的影响。 4、2003～2005年非生长季节日平均NEE分别为1.83 g CO2 m-2、2.01 g CO2 m-2和2.07 g CO2 m-2。4月和10月是非生长季节CO2净释放的最高月份，2003、2004和2005年全月净释放量为105 g CO2 m-2和77 g CO2 m-2、105 g CO2 m-2和117 g CO2 m-2及105 g CO2 m-2和138 g CO2 m-2，2003～2005年整个非生长季CO2净释放分别为CO2为388 g CO2 m-2、425 g CO2 m-2和439 g CO2 m-2。非生长季节海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统NEE小时变化与5 cm土壤温度存在极显著的正相关关联，表明在非生长季节土壤温度是影响青藏高原高寒灌丛生态系统NEE的重要环境因子。 5、从生态系统CO2源/汇特征来看，海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统2003、2004和2005年全年净CO2固定总量分别为223 g CO2 m-2 a-1、277 g CO2 m-2 a-1和61 g CO2 m-2 a-1，3年平均CO2值为187 g CO2 m-2 a-1。在为期3年的研究时段海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统表现为弱的大气二氧化碳的汇。 6、高寒灌丛群落表观光合量子产额（a）和表观最大光合速率（Pmax）受叶面积指数的影响。在6～9月份期间，由于LAI的不同，a和Pmax值差异明显，7、8月份较高而6月和9月明显较低。海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统a和Pmax值高于西藏当雄地区高寒草甸生态系统，但低于平原地区相关生态系统。 维持天数2005年最少（101d）。2003、2004和2005年全年日平均CO2净吸收分别为0.611 g CO2 m-2 d-1、0.759 g CO2 m-2 d-1和0.167 g CO2 m-2 d-1。 3、就季节差异而言，2003、2004和2005年整个生长季节高寒灌丛平均CO2日净生态系统交换分别为-3.99 g CO2 m-2 d-1、-4.59 g CO2 m-2 d-1、-3.27 g CO2 m-2 d-1。7、8月生长季节CO2净吸收的最高，2003、2004、2005年7月和8月份高寒灌丛生态系统CO2净吸收分别为222 g CO2 m-2 和224 g CO2 m-2、355 g CO2 m-2和216 g CO2 m-2、263 g CO2 m-2和186 g CO2 m-2。在相对短暂的生长季节海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统表现出显著的大气CO2净吸收能力，2003、2004和2005年生长季节高寒灌丛生态系统CO2净吸收量分别为610 g CO2 m-2、701 g CO2 m-2和500 g CO2 m-2。相对于温度等环境因子，高寒灌丛生态系统生长季白昼NEE小时变化规律更受光合有效辐射变化的影响。 4、2003～2005年非生长季节日平均NEE分别为1.83 g CO2 m-2、2.01 g CO2 m-2和2.07 g CO2 m-2。4月和10月是非生长季节CO2净释放的最高月份，2003、2004和2005年全月净释放量为105 g CO2 m-2和77 g CO2 m-2、105 g CO2 m-2和117 g CO2 m-2及105 g CO2 m-2和138 g CO2 m-2，2003～2005年整个非生长季CO2净释放分别为CO2为388 g CO2 m-2、425 g CO2 m-2和439 g CO2 m-2。非生长季节海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统NEE小时变化与5 cm土壤温度存在极显著的正相关关联，表明在非生长季节土壤温度是影响青藏高原高寒灌丛生态系统NEE的重要环境因子。 5、从生态系统CO2源/汇特征来看，海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统2003、2004和2005年全年净CO2固定总量分别为223 g CO2 m-2 a-1、277 g CO2 m-2 a-1和61 g CO2 m-2 a-1，3年平均CO2值为187 g CO2 m-2 a-1。在为期3年的研究时段海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统表现为弱的大气二氧化碳的汇。 6、高寒灌丛群落表观光合量子产额（a）和表观最大光合速率（Pmax）受叶面积指数的影响。在6～9月份期间，由于LAI的不同，a和Pmax值差异明显，7、8月份较高而6月和9月明显较低。海北地区高寒灌丛生态系统a和Pmax值高于西藏当雄地区高寒草甸生态系统，但低于平原地区相关生态系统。

准噶尔盆地构造动力学过程

准噶尔盆地被古生代缝合线构造包围，周缘山系向盆地方向逆冲推覆，显示了盆地处于长期受压的构造环境；火山喷发由海相转变为大陆相，火山活动由强到弱，表明二叠纪以后，上地幔物质一直处于收缩状态，盆地整体持续下沉接受沉积，地壳增厚。二叠纪进入盆地演化阶段之后，经历了晚海西、印支、燕山和喜马拉雅四期构造应力场的作用，发生了南北向拉张变形、南北向和北西向碰撞挤压变形、南北向和北西向张压交替变形以及南北向压扭冲断、走滑和重力滑覆变形，形成复杂多样构造类型。