35 A×MeV 40Ar + 159Tb/197Au 反应中高激发核性质与反应机制研究

中能重离子碰撞的反应机制及其形成的高激发核的性质研究是当前中能重离子核物理研究的重要领域。本文通过对35 MeV/u~(40)Ar+~(159)Tb/~(197)Au反应中出射的轻粒子、中等质量碎片(IMF)和复合核裂变碎片的符合测量，研究了中等质量碎片的发射机制、类靶核的形成机制及其裂变时标、复合核的温度与激发能以及两者之间的关系等。利用前角探测器组的测量对前角区出射的IMF的单举和关联数据进行了分析。由弹核碎裂理论中的Gozdhaber关系式拟合了类弹碎片的能谱，由此提取的弹核的动量分布约化宽度为σ_0 ≈ 100MevV/c。通过Gemini模拟与IMF-IMF关联数据的对比揭示出激发的类弹碎片的裂变是关联IMF的一个重要来源。由IMF与裂变碎片以及IMF与后角轻粒子的关联数据显示出，在前角区域，当IMF的能量低于10 MeV/u时，复合核的蒸发对较轻IMF有较大的贡献；当IMF能量在10-24 MeV/u的区域时，IMF能量与复合核平均速度以及激发能之间存在着很强的依赖关系，说明这些IMF主要来源与弹靶之间的耗散反应；当IMF的能量超过24 MeV/u后，IMF能量与复合核平均速度以及激发能之间没有关联或关联很弱，说明在弹核碎裂的同时，靶核也发生了碎裂，它们共同贡献出部分核子形成了"中速源"或"颈部"。通过对复合核裂变时出射的关联裂片以及后角轻带电粒子的测量，提取了复合核的激发能以及在不同激发能能下所对应的核温度。对于中心碰撞，Au靶形成了E~* = 4MeV/u、T_(init) = 7.1 MeV的热核，Tb靶形成了E~* = 4.7MeV/u、T_(init) = 7.7MeV的热核。对其量热曲线的研究显示出，在当前入射能下没有观测到原子核液气相变的特征。由类弹碎片（PLF)与类靶核两个裂片的关联数据，提取了类靶核裂变轴在反应平面内的转动角度，并由此计算出类靶核的、裂变时标。在对称裂变时，类靶核的寿命约5 * 10~(-20) s，在非对称裂变（η =0.6）时降为约1.7 * 10~(-21) S。同时我们认为类靶核的裂变存在两种机制，即动力学裂变和统计裂变，分别对应于裂变轴在反应平面内的非各相同性分别和各相同性分布。

Effect of addition of Zn on the catalytic activity of a Co/HZSM-5 catalyst for the SCR of NOx with CH4

The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by methane in the presence of excess oxygen was studied on a Zn-Co/HZSM-5 catalyst. It was found that the addition of Zn could improve effectively the selectivity of methane towards NOx reduction. When prepared by a coimpregnation method, the Zn-Co/HZSM-5 catalyst showed much higher catalytic activity than the two catalysts of a Zn/Co/HZSM-5 and Co/Zn/HZSM-5 prepared by the successive impregnation method. It is considered that there exists a cooperative effect among the Zn, Co and zeolite, which enhances the reduction of NO to NO2 reaction and the activation of methane. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Crystal structure and electrochemical properties of rare earth non-stoichiometric AB(5)-type alloy as negative electrode material in Ni-MH battery

The La0.85MgxNi4.5Co0.35Al0.15 (0.05less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.35) system compounds have been prepared by are melting method under Ar atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the as-prepared alloys have different lattice parameters and cell volumes. The electrochemical properties of these alloys have been studied through the charge-discharge recycle testing at different temperatures and discharge currents. It is found that the La0.85Mg0.25Ni4.5Co0.35Al0.(15) alloy electrode is capable of performing high-rate discharge. Moreover, it has very excellent electrochemical properties as negative electrode materials in Ni-MH battery at low temperature, even at -40degreesC.

Synergistic extraction of rare earths(III) from chloride medium with mixtures of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazalone-5 and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-ethylhexylphosphonate

The synergistic effect of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazalone-5 (HPMBP, HA) and di-(2ethylhexyl)-2-ethylhexylphosphonate (DEHEHP, B) in the extraction of rare earths (RE) from chloride solutions has been investigated. Under the experimental conditions used, there was no detectable extraction when DEHEHP was used as a single extractant while the amount of RE(III) extracted by HPMBP alone was also low. But mixtures of the two extractants at a certain ratio had very high extractability for all the RE (III). For example, the synergistic enhancement coefficient was calculated to be 9.35 for Y3+, and taking Yb3+ and Y3+ as examples, RE3+ is extracted as RE(OH)A(2).B. The stoichiometry, extraction constants and thermodynamic functions such as Gibbs free energy change Delta G (-17.06kJmol(-1)), enthalpy change Delta H (-35.08kjmol(-1)) and entropy change Delta S (-60.47JK(-1)mol(-1)) for Y3+ at 298 K were determined. The separation factors (SF) for adjacent pairs of rare earths were calculated. Studies show that the binary extraction system not only enhances the extraction efficiency of RE(III) but also improves the selectivity, especially between La(III) and the other rare earth elements.

La~(3+)和Gd~(3+)对鼠肝癌H-35细胞Ca~(2+)内流的影响

通过测定 4 5Ca2 +摄取初速度的变化研究了La3+和Gd3+对鼠肝癌H 3 5细胞Ca2 +内流的影响 .发现低浓度La3+和Gd3+能增加肝癌H 3 5细胞Ca2 +内流初速度达 6～ 10倍 .Ca2 +内流的初速度随Ca2 +浓度变化的动力学研究表明 ,肝癌H 3 5细胞中存在 2类Ca2 +亲和部位的通道 ,即高亲和位和低亲和位Ca2 +内流通道 ,而La3+和Gd3+刺激的肝癌H 3 5细胞则只有 1类Ca2 +亲和位通道 ,La3+和Gd3+增加高亲和位Ca2 +结合通道的Km和Vmax,而对于低亲和位的Ca2 +结合通道Ca2 +内流的作用是竞争性的.

Efficient cleavage of ribonucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphates and deoxyribonucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate by lanthanides

The cleavage of 3',5'-cAMP, 3',5'-cGMP and 3',5'-dcAMP by lanthanides has been investigated by HPLC and H-1 NMR. Rapid cleavage of cAMP, cGMP and dcAMP by Ce(III) under air at pH 8 and 37 degrees C has been observed. Regioselective cleavage of P-O(5') bond in cAMP, cGMP and dc;aMP tu give the corresponding 3'-AMP, 3'-GMP and 3'-dAMP by lanthanide chlorides has been achieved, and 3'-AMP and 3'-GMP are cleaved to adenosine(A) and guanosine(CT) more slowly, respectively, The notable difference in reactivity between Ce(III) and the other lanthanide ions under air has also been studied. The cleavage is enhanced with the increase in the molar fraction of Ce(IV). The fast cleavage of cAMP by Ce(III) under air at pH 8 is ascribed to the resultant Ce(IV) in the reaction mixture.

THE CLEAVAGE REACTION OF THE MO-MO TRIPLE BOND - THE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES OF MOLYBDENUM COMPLEXES [CPMO(CO)(2)(C(5)H(4)NS)], [CPMO(CO)(2)(C(9)H(6)NS)]O=PPH(3) AND [CPMO(CO)(2)(S(2)CNME(2)]

The reactions of [Cp2Mo2(CO)4] (1) with 2,2'-dipyridyl disulphide (C5H4NS-)2, 8,8'-diquinolyl disulphide (C9H6NS-)2 and tetramethyl thiuram disulphide (Me2NC(S)S-)2 in toluene solution resulted in the cleavage of the Mo-Mo triple bond to yield molybdenum complexes [CpMo(CO)2(C5H4NS)] (2), [CpMo(CO)2(C9H6NS)] (3) and [CpMo(CO)2(S2CNMe2)] (4), respectively. The molecular structures of 2, 3 . O=PPh3 and 4 were determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Crystals of 2 are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, with Z = 4, in a unit cell of dimensions a = 6.448(1), b = 12.616(2), c = 14.772(2) angstrom, beta = 92.85(1)-degrees. The structure was refined to R = 0.028 and R(w) = 0.039 for 1357 observed reflections. Crystals of 3 . O=PPh3 are triclinic, space group P1BAR, with Z = 2, in a unit cell of dimensions a = 11.351(3), b = 13.409(3), c = 9.895(2) angstrom, alpha = 94.59(2), beta = 90.35(2), gamma = 78.07(2)-degrees. The structure was refined to R = 0.033 and R(w) = 0.037 for 3260 observed reflections. Crystals of 4 are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/a and Z = 4 with a = 12.468(5), b = 7.637(2), c = 13.135(4) angstrom, beta = 96.62(3). The structure was refined to R = 0.032 and R(w) = 0.042 for 1698 observed reflections. Each of complexes 2-4 contains a cyclopentadienyl ligand, a cis pair of carbonyls and a chelate ligand (S,N donor or S,S donor). All the compounds have distorted square-pyramid structures.

La_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_(3)结构、气敏和导电性的研究

SnO_2,ZnO和Fe_2O_3等气敏元件目前还存在性能不一致、不稳定等缺点.为要寻找更稳定、选择性更好的敏感元件材料,我们用陶瓷工艺合成了钙钛矿型La_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_3复合氧化物.用x-射线衍射法测量了La_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_3的样品,其结构属于立方晶系,

The effect of additives on Cu/HZSM-5 catalyst for DME synthesis

The addition of ZnO or ZrO2 into CuO/HZSM-5 was investigated for DME synthesis from syngas by using the reactive frontal chromatography method, TPR and in situ TPR. These promoters enhanced the catalytic activity of Cu/HZSM-5 and promotion with ZnO and ZrO2 produced a maximum activity, which could be explained by the improvement of the dispersion of Cu and the promotion of CuO reduction. The Cu+ species existing during the reaction have been detected, based on which a Cu-0 <-> Cu+1 redox cycle model was put forward.

On the correlation between microstructural changes of Ag-H-ZSM-5 catalysts and their catalytic performances in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by methane

The silver catalyzed, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) by CH4, is shown to be a structure-sensitive reaction. Pretreatment has a great affect on the catalytic performances. Upon thermal treatment in inert gas stream, thermal induced changes in silver morphology lead to the formation of reduced silver species of clusters and particles. Catalysis over this catalyst indicates an initially higher activity but lower selectivity for the CH4-SCR of NOx Reaction induced restructuring of silver results in the formation of ill-defined silver oxides. This, in turn, impacts the adsorption properties and diffusivity of oxygen over silver catalyst, results in the decrease in activity but increase in selectivity of Ag-H-ZSM-5 catalyst for the CH4-SCR of NO.. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.