抚仙湖太湖新银鱼的生长特性及其渔业利用

中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCXI-SW-13)资助

天然三倍体鲫鱼突变体萍乡肉红鲫线粒体细胞色素b基因序列分析

用细胞色素b(Cyt b)基因特异性引物,对萍乡肉红鲫(Carassius auratus var.pingxiangnensis)的线粒体Cytb基因进行PCR扩增和双向测序。在12个个体中均得到序列一致的Cytb基因全序列,长度为1 140 bp。其A、T、G、C含量分别为28.2%(321)、28.8%(328)、14.8%(170)和28.2%(321),A+T含量(57%)明显高于G+C含量(43%),与其他水生动物相同基因片段碱基含量相似。该基因中密码子第1位核苷酸中4种碱基组成较为均衡;第2

银鲫HIRA多克隆抗体的制备及组织特异性表达分析

Hir/Hira基因家族的成员广泛存在于多种生物体中,但有关其在生物体发育过程中的具体功能还不甚清楚。对果蝇的研究表明,dHira基因产物可能在受精时精核的解凝过程和雄性原核的正常形成过程中起重要作用。本研究组前期已经分别克隆出雌核发育银鲫和两性生殖彩鲫的Hira基因(cagHira和caHira),本实验在银鲫cagHira基因的特异区域,设计一对引物,以银鲫成熟卵母细胞总RNA逆转录出的cDNA为模板,扩增出cagHira的特异片段。再将该片段克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a上,转化BL21(DE3)

鱼类谷胱甘肽转移酶基因cDNA克隆及其序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法,从鲢、鲤、鲫3种鱼类肝脏总RNA中克隆出了谷胱甘肽转移酶Pi型(GST Pi)cDNA序列,推导了其编码的氨基酸序列。3种鱼类GST Pi的ORF全长627bp,编码208个氨基酸。翻译起始密码均为ATG,终止密码子均为TGA。鱼类与哺乳动物、两栖类爪蟾以及节肢动物丝虫之间GST Pi氨基酸序列相似度平均值分别为50%、33%、15%左右。5种鱼类之间的氨基酸序列相似度较大,其中鲤科鱼类之间平均为85%左右。我们以GST Pi为分子标记,用最大简约数法(MP)构建了13个物种的系统进

微囊藻栅藻资源竞争的动力学过程Ⅰ.光能和磷营养的半饱和参数及其生长率动态

以Tilman提出的“资源竞争机制学说”为依据 ,在单因子 (光、磷 )限制条件下 ,测定并计算铜绿微囊藻 (Microcystisaeruginosa)和斜生栅藻 (Scenedesmusobliquus)的半饱和常数 ,以双因子交互作用模型预测它们的生长动态 .结果表明 :在光强为 10 .0～ 17.1μE和磷浓度为 3.10～ 2 0 .0 μmol的范围内 ,微囊藻的生长率大于栅藻的生长率 .说明磷的增加是微囊藻成为水华的充分条件 ,但不是必要条件 ,至少低光强是一个重要的作用因子 .

白鱀豚哨叫声的研究

于1996年1月，在中国科学院水生生物研究所白暨豚馆人工饲养池和湖北省石首市天鹅洲长江故道，使用频响范围分别为0－100kHz和0－16kHz的磁带记录系统，记录了一头成年雄性和一头成年雌性白暨豚的哨叫声。采用计算机信号分析系统详细分析了哨叫声的结构和声谱图，并与其它鲸类哨叫声进行比较。结果表明，白暨豚哨叫声的最大和最小频率平均值分别为5841Hz和4975Hz，频率变化幅度一般小于1000Hz。哨叫声平均持续时间为907ms。频率随时间变化不连续，且较平缓，起伏很少，有部分重叠现象。白暨豚哨叫声的结构与

在不同水硬度下铜对草鱼、鲢和大鳞泥鳅的急性毒性

实验以草鱼、鲢和大鳞泥鳅的鱼苗为材料,测定了水硬度对铜的急性毒性的影响,水硬度在255、141、37和14mg/L(以 CaCO_3计)时铜对草鱼的48小时 LC_(50)分别是519、354、91和76μg/L,96小时 LC_(50)则分别为460、307、67和39μg/L.在同样的硬度条件下,对鲢的48小时 LC_(50)是452、393、71和40μg/L,96小时 LC_(50)分别为452、296、41和31μg/L.大鲢泥鳅鱼苗在硬度260、137、36和10μg/L(以 CaCO_3计)

Molecular cloning of the viperin gene and its promoter region from the mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi

A viperin gene has been cloned from the mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi). From the first transcription initiation site, the mandarin fish viperin gene extends 3163 nucleotides to the end of the 3' untranslated region, and it contains six exons and five introns. The open reading frame of the viperin transcript has 1062 nucleotides which encode a 354 amino acid peptide. The amino acid sequence of mandarin fish viperin shows high identities with its homologues in teleosts and mammals except for the first 70 amino acids. A characteristic feature in the viperin promoter region was the presence of five putative ICSBP (IRF8) binding sites and one IRFI binding site. The viperin gene expressed mainly in lymphoid tissues before stimulation, but its expression can be examined in almost all the organs investigated after stimulation with virus or Poly I:C. The expression pattern and promoter sequence may be considered as the indirect evidence that the transcription of viperin is regulated by interferons or interferon induced genes. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A C-type lectin associated and translocated with cortical granules during oocyte maturation and egg fertilization in fish

Oocyte maturation and egg fertilization in both vertebrates and invertebrates are marked by orchestrated cytoplasmic translocation of secretory vesicles known as cortical granules. It is thought that such redistribution of cellular content is critical for asymmetrical cell division during early development, but the mechanism and regulation of the process is poorly understood. Here we report the identification, purification and cDNA cloning of a C-type lectin from oocytes of a freshwater fish species gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). The purified protein has been demonstrated to have lectin activity and to be a Ca2+-dependent C-type lectin by hemagglutination activity assay. Immunocytochemistry revealed that the lectin is associated with cortical granules, gradually translocated to the cell surface during oocyte maturation, and discharged to the egg envelope upon fertilization. Interestingly, the lectin becomes phosphorylated on threonine residues upon induction of exocytosis by fertilization and returns to its original state after morula stage of embryonic development, suggesting that this posttranslational modification may represent a critical molecular switch for early embryonic development. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Computer assisted peak recognition for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) in environmental samples

A software has been developed for the peak recognition of 136 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) after high resolution gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). Based on the retention times of C-13 labelled 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/F internal standards, the retention times of all PCDD and PCDF can be calibrated automatically and accurately. Therefore, it is very convenient to identify the peaks by comparing the retention of samples and the calibrated retention times of their chromatograms. Hence, this approach is very significant because it is impossible to obtain always a standard chromatogram and PCDD/F analysis are very expensive and time consuming. The calibration results can be transferred to Excel for calculation. The approach is a first step to store costly and environmentally relevant data for future application.

Peculiarity of constant photocurrent method for silicon films with mixed amorphous-nanocrystalline structure

The results of conductivity, photoconductivity and constant photocurrent method absorption measurements by DC and AC methods in hydrogenated silicon films with mixed amorphous-nanocrystalline structure are presented. A series of diphasic silicon films was deposited by very high frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique, using different hydrogen dilution ratios of silane. The increase of hydrogen dilution ratio results in five orders of magnitude increase of conductivity and a sharp increase of grain volume fraction. The comparison of the absorption spectra obtained by DC and AC methods showed that they are similar for silicon films with the predominantly amorphous structure and films with high grain volume fraction. However we found a dramatic discrepancy between the absorption spectra obtained by DC and AC constant photocurrent methods in silicon films deposited in the regime of the structure transition from amorphous to nanocrystalline state. AC constant photocurrent method gives higher absorption coefficient than DC constant photocurrent method in the photon energy range of 1.2-1.7 eV. This result indicates the possibility of crystalline grains contribution to absorption spectra measured by AC constant photocurrent method in silicon films with intermediate crystalline grain volume fraction. (c) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Hole Spin Relaxation in an Ultrathin InAs Monolayer

We investigate the spin relaxation time of holes in an ultrathin neutral InAs monolayer (1.5 ML) and compare with that of electrons, using polarization-dependent time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) experiments. With excitation energies above the GaAs gap, we observe a rather slow relaxation of holes (tau(1h) = 196 +/- 17 ps) that is in the magnitude similar to electrons (tau(1e) = 354 +/- 32 ps) in this ultrathin sample. The results are in good agreement with earlier theoretical prediction, and the phonon scattering due to spin-orbit coupling is realized to play a dominant role in the carrier spin kinetics.

Investigation of Electronic Energy Levels in InAs Quantum Dot with Shape of Lens by Using B-Spline Technique

The dependence of the electronic energy levels on the size of quantum dots (QDs) with the shape of spherical lens is studied by using the B-spline technique for the first time. Within the framework of the effective-mass theory, the values of electronic energy levels are obtained as a function of the height, radius and volume of QDs, respectively. When the height or radius of QDs increases, all the electronic energy levels lower, and the separations between the energy levels decrease. For lens-shape QDs, height is the key factor in dominating the energy levels comparing with the effect of radius, especially in dominating the ground-state level. These computational results are compared with that of other theoretical calculation ways. The B-spline technique is proved to be an effective way in calculating the electronic structure in QDs with the shape of spherical lens.