293 resultados para 332.236


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目的:应用眼镜王蛇毒基因疫苗,免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备单克隆抗体(mAb).方法:应用眼镜王蛇Oh-3基因真核表达质粒pIRES-Oh3,佐以脂质体制成基因疫苗,免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与同源Sp2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合,经间接ELISA筛选,有限稀释法克隆,制备mAb.结果:获得了2株分泌抗眼镜王蛇毒mAb的杂交瘤细胞株(F5、 F11),细胞培养上清液的抗体效价分别为3.2×10-1、 6.4×10-1,腹水抗体效价分别为1.28×10-4、 2.56×10-4.结论:成功地制备了2株眼镜王蛇毒mAb.

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The red panda (Ailurus fulgens) is one of the flagship species in worldwide conservation and is of special interest in evolutionary studies due to its taxonomic uniqueness. We sequenced a 236-bp fragment of the mitochondrial D-loop region in a sample of 5

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Amphioxus is a crucial organism for the study of vertebrate evolution. Although a genomic BAC library of Branchiostoma floridae has been constructed, we report here another BAC library construction of its distant relative species Branchiostoma belcheri. The amphioxus BAC library established in present study consists of 45,312 clones arrayed in one hundred and eighteen 384-well plates. The average insert fragment size was 120 kb estimated by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of 318 randomly selected clones. The representation of the library is about 12 equivalent to the genome, allowing a 99.9995% probability of recovering any specific sequence of interest. We further screened the library with 4 single copied Amphi-Pax genes and identified total of 26 positive clones with average of 6.5 clones for each gene. The result indicates this library is well suited for many applications and should also serve as a useful complemental resource for the scientific community.

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The prehistoric peopling of East Asia by modern humans remains controversial with respect to early population migrations. Here, we present a systematic sampling and genetic screening of an East Asian-specific Y-chromosome haplogroup (O3-M122) in 2,332 individuals from diverse East Asian populations. Our results indicate that the O3-M122 lineage is dominant in East Asian populations, with an average frequency of 44.3%. The microsatellite data show that the O3-M122 haplotypes in southern East Asia are more diverse than those in northern East Asia, suggesting a southern origin of the O3-M122 mutation. It was estimated that the early northward migration of the O3-M122 lineages in East Asia occurred similar to 25,000-30,000 years ago, consistent with the fossil records of modern humans in East Asia.

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利用逆转录酶与聚合酶链反应相结合的 RT-PCR 法, 扩增出5个竹叶青(Trimeresurus stejnegeri)蛇毒丝氨酸蛋白酶的 cDNAs; 将扩增的 cDNA 片段克隆入 pGEM-T 载体中, 筛选得到它们的基因, 分别命名为TSSP-1、TSSP-2、TSSP-3、TSSP-4 和 TSSP-5. 经末端终止法测定核苷酸序列, 推导出5个丝氨酸蛋白酶的全序列; 结合纯化的蛋白酶N-末端序列测定结果, 推导 TSSP 2、3和4分别编码凝血酶样酶 stejnobin、纤溶酶 stejnefibrase 1和2. 5个丝氨酸蛋白酶分别含有1~6个N-型糖基结合位点, 表明它们的计算分子量与纯化蛋白表观分子量之间的差异是由糖含量的不同造成, 而其氨基酸序列相似度在60%-90%, TSSP-1 和-2编码的成熟蛋白酶山236个氨基酸残基组成, TSSP-3, -4 和 -5的则山234个氨基酸残基组成, TSSP-1编码的蛋白酶在组成丝氨酸蛋白酶三联体催化活性中心产生了 His~(41)-Arg~(41)的在然突变, 这与其他自然界发现的丝氨酸蛋白酶明显不同。

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本发明涉及大蹼铃蟾神经营养肽及其制备方法和其基因,属于生物医学领域。其神经营养肽为从中国两栖类动物大蹼铃蟾(Bombina maxima)皮肤分泌物中分离得到的由77个氨基酸组成的一种单链多肽,分子量8044.7,等电点8.4,多肽氨基酸全序列一级结构为:AVITGVCDRDAQCGSGTCCAASAFSRNIRFCVPLGNNGEECHPASHKVPYNGKRLSSLCPCNTGLTCSKSGEKFQCS。制备方法是收集大蹼铃蟾皮肤分泌物,离心去除沉淀、冷冻干燥后,经凝胶过滤、高压液相反相柱层析分离纯化后即得到。编码神经营养肽的基因由404个核苷酸组成,其中编码成熟神经营养肽为第102-332位核苷酸。其基因作为基因工程制备神经营养肽的应用。

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报道了锦蛇属团花锦蛇( E. davidi) 、绿锦蛇( E. prasina) 和三索锦蛇( E. radiata) 3 个种的核型和Ag - NORs ,团花锦蛇的核型2 n = 36 (8V + 6sV + 2I + 20M) ;绿锦蛇的核型2 n = 36 (7V + 7sV + 2I + 20m) ,三索锦蛇的 核型2 n = 40 (6V + 3sV + 2sI + 5I + 24m) ; ①团花锦蛇和绿锦蛇的染色体数目和结构与此属大多数种的相似, ; ② 此属种类的性染色体为ZW型,绿锦蛇的性染色体为第4 对大染色体,三索锦蛇的为第5 对大染色体,团花锦蛇 由于为雄性,未见染色体异型. ③Ag - NORs 在数目及在染色体上的位置均不相同,团花锦蛇的NORs 在第9 对 染色体上,数目为2 个;绿锦蛇的NORs 在第5 对染色体上,数目为4 个;三索锦蛇的NORs 在第4 对大染色体上, 数目为4 个; ④我们发现三索锦蛇较为特殊,其染色体数目、形态、性染色体的位置和形态及Ag - NORs 均与其 它种类不同. 可能的原因是此物种在核型演化过程中发生过染色体断裂和重排事件,提示三索锦蛇可能是一个 特化的类群. ⑤锦蛇属的种类可分为包括三索锦蛇为特殊的一组的4 个组. 图版1 表2 参18

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观察了新近发现于我国云南的果蝇属暗果蝇种组( Drosophila obscura species group ) 种类 D1luguensis 、D1 dianensis 和D1limingi 的有丝分裂中期核型, 并将3 个种的核型与各自的近缘种类进行了比较。 D1luguensis 具2n = 12 条染色体, 包括3 对中央着丝粒(V 形) 染色体、2 对近端着丝粒(棒状) 染色体以及1 对微小(点状) 染色体。其中X 和Y染色体均为中央着丝粒染色体。D1 dianensis 和D1limingi 具2n = 10 条染 色体, 包括1 对大的V 形常染色体, 1 对小的V 形常染色体, 2 对J 形(亚中着丝粒型) 常染色体和1 对点状染 色体。其中X 染色体为J 形, Y染色体为短棒状。基于核型比较的结果以及D1sinobscura 亚组地理分布的资料, 结合种间系统发育关系研究结果, 认为D1 luguensis 可能保留了该亚组祖先种类的核型。D1sinobscura 的核型(2n = 12 : 2V , 1J , 2R , 1D) 可能由一个pre2“sinobscura2hubeiensis”谱系的一个分支通过臂间倒位演化而来, 而D1 hubeiensis 的核型(2n = 10 : 4V , 1D) 可能由该谱系的另一分支通过着丝粒融合(2 对近端着丝粒常染色 体的融合) 而形成。推测在D1 dianensis 和近缘欧洲种D1subsilvestris (2n = 12 : 3V , 2R , 1D) 间、D1limingi 和 东亚近缘种D1tsukubaensis (2n = 12 : 3V , 2R , 1D) 间的物种分化过程中, 可能有相似的染色体变异类型发生。

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目的探讨p53基固在乳腺癌发生早期的作用及早期诊断乳晾瘟的分子病理指标。方法用PCR—sso 法检测36例乳腺单纯性增生、31例不典型增生、14例原位癌和16例程润癌中p53基因第7外显子突变,井用叭A 直接测序技术确定突变的碱基及其所在的密码子。结果乳腺单纯性增生、不典型增生、原位癌、浸润癌中|】53基 因第7外显于的突变率分别为0%、6 5%(2/31)、21 4%(3/14)、18.8%(3/16)。8例突变中,3例发生于251密码 子,4例发生手248密码子,I例发生于236密码子。表现为碱基替换(5例)、缺失(2例)、插入(J例)共二种突变方 式。并在I例原位瘟中首次发现了251密码子的同义突变(ATC斗ATr,异亮氨酸一异亮氮酸)。结论乳腺癌不典 型增生中存在053基因第7外显子突变,该突变可能在乳腺不典型增生发展到乳腺癌的过程中起霞要作用,可作为 早期诊断乳腺癌的辅助指标。

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Genetic variation of 31 blood protein loci in 236 cattle from eight South China populations (including mithan, Bos frontalis) and a Holstein population was investigated by means of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Thirteen loci (ALB, CAR, Hb-b, Np, PGM, Amy-I, PEP-B, AKP, 6PGD, Cp, Pa, EsD, and TF) were found to be polymorphic. The comparison of average heterozygosities (H) shows that all the native cattle embrace a rich genetic diversity Our results on protein polymorphism suggest that cattle in China originated mainly from Bos indicus and Bos taurus; Xuwen, Hainan, Wenshan, and Dehong cattle and the Dehong zebu are close to zebu-type cattle, and Diqing and Zhaotong cattle are close to the taurine. The mithan was very different from other native cattle, and we suggest that its origin was complicated and may be influenced by other cattle species.

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目的:解释平顶猴成为唯一能够被HIV-1感染的旧大陆猴以及在被SIV感染时出现较其他旧大陆猴严重临床症状的原因.方法:参考人TRIM5α基因的结构和序列合成引物,以平顶猴DNA 为模板,分别扩增其TRIM5α基因编码序列的所有外显子.利用生物学软件分析获得的编码序列,分析在已经明确与TRIM5α抗病毒功能密切相关的几个位点上是否发生可能影响其功能的突变.结果:在平顶猴基因组上CypA基因融合到TRIM5α基因第八外显子的下游,融合方式与在鹰猴中发现的CypA与TRIM5α的融合方式完全不同.恒河猴TRIM5α基因具有限制HIV-1复制的功能,第332位脯氨酸对其抗病毒功能非常重要,但在平顶猴的TRIM5α上,该氨基酸突变成谷氨酰胺;第335位以后8个氨基酸对恒河猴TRIM5α抗病毒功能也有重要影响,但在平顶猴的TRIM5α上,与其对应的氨基酸片段不仅缺失了两个氨基酸,还有两个氨基酸发生突变,附近区域还有另外两个发生突变.在平顶猴TRIM5α基因的Coiled-Coil结构域插入了13个氨基酸,但没有影响到编码框.结论:在平顶猴的基因组上CypA与TRIM5α的融合以及平顶猴TRIM5α基因抗病毒功能关键位点上的氨基酸突变可能影响其抗病毒功能,是其成为唯一能够被HIV-1感染的旧大陆猴以及在被SIV感染时出现较其他旧大陆猴严重临床症状的重要原因.