SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN THE SNUB-NOSED LANGURS (COLOBINAE, RHINOPITHECUS)

Sexual dimorphism in the dentition and skeleton of the four extant species of snub-nosed langurs, Rhinopithecus (R.) bieti, R. (R.) brelichi, R. (R.) roxellana and R. (Presbytiscus) avunculus, was studied. The species shared a similar general pattern of sexual dimorphism, but were found to differ in respects that appear to reflect the influence of disparate socioecological and environmental factors. All the species showed marked canine dimorphism, but the very high degree of canine dimorphism in R. bieti appeared to be due to the intensity of intermale competition for mates during a temporally restricted breeding season, and possibly also to the intensity of competition between males for other resources during other times of the year. Sexual dimorphism in the postcranial skeleton of Rhinopithecus species was also most pronounced in R. bieti and may be related to the relatively higher frequency of terrestrial locomotion in males of the species. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Tentative study of the coding sequences without 3-base periodicity

Fourier spectra of 120 short coding sequences (<1 200 bp) show that not all coding sequences are characterized by 3-base periodicity. Statistical analysis suggests that whether a coding sequence has 3-base periodicity may be related to the composition and distribution of bases, the usage and the order of the amino acids of the encoded protein as well as the synonymous codon usage. Generally, the content of A+U is higher than that of G+C in non-period-3 sequences, inversely in period-3 sequences. In the three codon positions, the base distribution in the non-periodic-3 sequences is more uniform than in the periodic-3 sequences. The usage biases of the amino acids and the codons in non-period-3 sequences are weaker than that in period-3 sequences. All of these phenomena should be considered sufficiently in predicting the genes and exons of DNA sequences by Fourier analysis method.

稀有鮈鲫鳍细胞系的建立及其作为测定重金属毒性模型的探讨

湖北省科技攻关课题(2005AA401C41); 农业部948课题(2005Z37)资助

不同培养条件对具鞘微鞘藻生物量和多糖产量的影响

国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2002CB412306); 国家自然科学基金(No.30170112); 国家自然科学基金(No.30500068)资助

鰟鮍鱼类产卵时对河蚌鳃不同位置的选择

鰟鮍是鲤科中的一群小型鱼类,在繁殖季节,鱼类产卵于河蚌的鳃腔内,鰟鮍鱼卵在河蚌鳃上的分布有一定的规律性。以前的研究主要是关于不同的鰟鮍鱼类对河蚌不同物种的选择,而对鱼类产卵时在河蚌鳃的上具体位置研究很少。本研究分为野外和室内两部分,野外现场解剖16种河蚌并统计观察鱼卵在鳃上的位置;室内选择六种代表性的淡水河蚌鱼尾楔蚌(Cuneopsispisciculus)、圆顶珠蚌(Unioclouglasiae)、失衡丽蚌(Lamprotulatortuosa)、洞穴丽蚌(L·caveata)、背角无齿蚌(A

福尔马林固定白鱀豚标本DNA提取及其遗传多样性的初步研究

福尔马林固定标本是宝贵的遗传资源,但是如何有效利用其中的遗传信息一直存在问题。本文尝试从标本预处理、消化、PCR扩增各方面综合考虑和优化改进,成功提取并扩增21头福尔马林固定白豚标本线粒体DNA控制区410bp片段。采用了3种预处理方法尽量去除固定标本中残存的甲醛,从试验结果来看,从酒精梯度+临界点干燥处理的标本中提取的DNA在扩增时具有明显优势。通过蛋白酶K消化过程中对于酶的浓度、温浴时间的比较试验,发现随着采用大幅提高酶浓度、延长消化时间等高强度的蛋白酶消化操作后,DNA的质量和产量均得到显著提高。

三峡水库蓄水前后浮游植物调查及水环境初步分析

比较了三峡水库蓄水前后湖北库区干流江段及其主要支流的藻类生态特征及水质状况,结果显示,蓄水前(2002年12月至2003年6月)和蓄水后(2003年6月至2004年5月)三峡湖北库区江段藻类的群落结构和细胞密度存在明显差异。蓄水前共鉴定藻类7门66属79种,硅藻、绿藻、蓝藻分别占34.6%,38.5%和10.3%,其余藻类合计16.6%。蓄水后,藻类的总种类数增至151种,硅藻、绿藻、蓝藻所占比例依次为23.8%,55.0%和9.9%,其余藻类合计11.3%。藻类的细胞密度,蓄水前,干流平均272.6×1

两种多糖对日本沼虾酚氧化酶活力的影响

在饲料中分别添加 1‰的云芝多糖和虫草多糖 ,对日本沼虾进行投喂 ,通过连续测定日本沼虾血清中的酚氧化酶活力 ,研究两种多糖对日本沼虾免疫机能的作用。结果表明 ,在平均水温为 2 3 8℃± 3 8℃时 ,云芝组、虫草组分别较对照组提高了 34 52 %、84 62 % ;在平均水温为 1 0 8± 2 4℃时 ,云芝组和虫草组分别较对照组提高了30 0 2 %、5 1 2 % ,因而云芝多糖和虫草多糖能明显地增强日本沼虾血清的酚氧化酶活力。另经实验表明 ,在王雷所确立的酚氧化酶活力的检测条件下 ,其PO

从灭活病毒诱导的培养细胞中鉴定鱼类抗病毒相关基因

紫外线灭活的草鱼出血病病毒(GCHV)能诱导鲫鱼囊胚培养细胞(CAB)产生高滴度的干扰素并抵抗病毒入侵,其机制可能是通过诱导一组抗病毒相关基因的表达,而使寄主细胞建立起抗病毒状态.利用抑制性差减杂交技术,构建了灭活病毒诱导鱼类培养细胞基因差异表达的差减cDNA文库.从差减文库中筛选鉴定出272个差异cDNA片段,测序分析发现它们为69个基因,其中46个为已知基因的同源物,23个为未知的假定基因.已知基因包括I型干扰素信号通路的基因Statl和JakI,抗病毒基因Mx和Viperin,以及一系列干扰素激活基

模拟微重力下微藻细胞的脂质过氧化

目的从胁迫的角度为微重力影响质膜的结构和功能提供直接的证据。方法以回转器模拟微重力 ,根据膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛 (MDA)与硫代巴比妥酸 (TBA)的定量反应测定MDA含量 ,用电导仪检测细胞电解质的外渗率。结果在模拟微重力胁迫下 ,两种蓝藻———鱼腥藻和集球藻的膜脂过氧化产物———丙二醛 (MDA)不断积累 ,同时细胞膜的透性相应增大。结论模拟微重力与其它胁迫因子有着相同的共性 ;对没有特殊重力感受结构的单细胞而言 ,质膜是重力的感受部位