稀有鮈鲫血液学指标的研究

江西省自然科学基金(0130004); 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX-SW-125)资助

饮用水中浮游藻类标本制作方法

目的 研究饮用水中藻类形态学鉴定样品标本制作方法。方法 分别对不同水源供水区末梢水和同一地点水箱水采样,进行藻类形态学检测。结果城市末梢水中浮游藻类检出率为89％;饮水水箱水中浮游藻类检出率为60％,并且观察到水箱水藻类在种属和数量上增加的情况。结论 该样品标本制作方法完全可以用于饮用水藻类形态学研究。

中国缓步动物门二新种及三新纪录种和亚种(异缓步纲,棘影熊虫科;真缓步纲,小斑熊虫科,大生熊虫科,高生熊虫科)

记述采自河南省洛阳市、湖北省京山县和四川省都江堰市的缓步动物门 2新种及 3新纪录种和亚种 :异缓步纲棘影熊虫科的四棘棘影熊虫 ,新纪录EchiniscusquadrispinosusRichters,190 2 ;真缓步纲小斑熊虫科的都江小斑熊虫 ,新种Milnesiumdujiangensissp .nov .,大生熊虫科的节值大生熊虫戴冠亚种 ,新纪录MacrobiotusharmsworthicoronatusBarros,1942 ;高生熊虫科的大指等高熊虫 ,新纪录Isohypsibiusma

亚热带水体营养状态定量评价及预测研究

采用相关加权营养状态指数法对H水库营养状态进行连续的数值化分级评价 ,准确反映了该水库的营养状态发展阶段和富营养化发展过程 ,克服了固定参数值评价湖泊、水库营养状态的局限性和重叠现象。根据湖泊外力函数 (主要是外来性营养盐浓度或负荷 )与湖内营养状态响应间的定量关系及OECD国际合作组织研究成果 ,提出了H水库营养盐输入负荷与库中磷浓度响应关系数学模型 ,确定了在水体功能改变后 ,其磷允许负荷量及控制标准 ,结果与实际相符

小鞘指环虫种群的季节动态

作者在1992—1994年期间对鲢指环虫病病原小鞘指环虫种群的季节动态进行了研究。小鞘指环虫种群从每年的冬季开始出现，到次年春末（4月），其感染率与丰度均发展至高峰。此后丰度随着水温的上升而迅速下降，到6月上旬，种群消失。在感染强度低于200虫／鱼的情况下，小鞘指环虫对宿主的肥满度没有显著的影响。

鱼腥藻提取液对水稻生长发育和产量的促进作用

以田间小区试验和大区产量直接对比的方法研究了鱼腥藻提取液对水稻幼苗生长和产量以及产量构成要素的影响，并探讨了方便有效且适宜于大田使用的方法。用藻液处理后水稻幼苗增高，根数、根长增加，分蘖能力增强，秧龄提前，叶面积明显加大。水稻成熟后除株高比对照略有下降外，各项产量构成要素如粒数、粒重、有效分蘖数、植株干重、千粒重、穗长等都优于对照组，但增产幅度随水稻品种和处理方式不同而异。大田使用时以1％鱼腥藻提取液浸种并在二叶一心时进行叶面喷施效果为好。

亚硒酸钠对四氯化碳损伤草鱼肝原代细胞与肝组织的保护作用

不同浓度四氯化碳（ＣＣｌ４）对草鱼肝原代细胞的损伤实验中，ＣＣｌ４浓度为１０μｌ／ｍｌ可引起细胞血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ＡＬＴ）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（ＡＳＴ）、乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）逸出量与细胞破损率显著增高，培养液中添加亚硒酸钠（Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３）０．２μｇ／ｍｌ，则可降低ＡＬＴ、ＡＳＴ、ＬＤＨ的逸出量，减轻细胞破损程度。Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ３保护实验中，Ｎａ２ＳｅＯ２＋ＣＣｌ４组预先腹腔注射（ｉｐ）０．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ．ｂｗ连续三日，末次ｉｐＣＣｌ４混合液１ｍｌ／ｋｇ．ｂｗ，２４ｈ内肝组织超氧物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）相对

太平湖水库藻类演替与营养侦别研究

本文报告了1992～1993年间对安徽省太平湖水库藻类的演变以及库水营养侦别试验的研究结果。与1985～1986年资料相比,整个水库的藻类种类多样性下降,总种类数由175种降为112种,减少了1/3。藻类种类小型化现象十分明显,相隔6～7年,小型藻类的种类及其数量越来越多,单个藻细胞鲜重的平均值在敞水区和库湾区分别减少了63.6％和75.4％;平均细胞密度则分别增长了3.6和5.6倍;生物量的变化不大,增长不足1倍。营养侦别试验结果表明,磷仍然是该水库的主要限制因子,库水的藻类生长潜力约为对照培养基的1/

中国淡水轮虫新资料

<正> 1978年7月下旬至9月中旬,作者到华南地区13个水库进行湖沼学调查,共采集了浮游动物定性样品27个,定量样品38个。经初步鉴定,发现轮虫种类非常丰富,共有57种,其中包括新种1个,新亚种3个,新纪录3个。现描述于下。模式标本均存中国科学院水生生物研究所。

Aerobic biodegradation of hexachlorobenzene by an acclimated microbial community

The aerobic degradation of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by an acclimated microbial community which isolated from a contaminated site and acclimated in our laboratory was investigated. The enriched microbial community was capable of biodegrading HCB when cultivated in minimal salts medium and supplied HCB as the sole carbon source. The efficiencies of microbial community in the degradation of HCB under different pH and temperatures were examined. The phylogenetic analysis for the nearly complete sequences of 16S rDNA demonstrated that the bacteria assemblage in the microbial community was dominated by Azospirillum and Alcaligenes groups.

Simultaneous determination of microcystin contaminations in various vertebrates (fish, turtle, duck and water bird) from a large eutrophic Chinese lake, Lake Taihu, with toxic Microcystis blooms

This is the first to conduct Simultaneous determination of microcystin (MC) contaminations in multi-groups of vertebrates (fish, turtle, duck and water bird) from Lake Taihu with Microcystis blooms. MCs (-RR, -YR, -LR) in Microcystis scum was 328 mu g g(-1) DW. MCs reached 235 mu g g(-1) DW in intestinal contents of phytoplanktivorous silver carp, but never exceeded 0.1 mu g g(-1) DW in intestinal contents of other animals. The highest MC content in liver of fish was in Carassius auratus (150 ng g(-1) DW), followed by silver carp and Culter ilishaeformis, whereas the lowest was in common carp (3 ng g(-1) DW). In livers of turtle, duck and water bird, MC content ranged from 18 to 30 ng g(-1) DW. High MC level was found in the gonad, egg yolk and egg white of Nycticorax nycticorax and Anas platyrhynchos, suggesting the potential effect of MCs on water bird and duck embryos. High MC contents were identified for the first time in the spleens of N. nycticorax and A. platyrhynchos (6.850 and 9.462 ng g(-1) DW, respectively), indicating a different organotropism of MCs in birds. Lakes with deaths of turtles or water birds in the literatures had a considerably higher MC content in both cyanobacteria and wildlife than Lake Taihu, indicating that toxicity of cyanobacteria may determine accumulation level of MCs and consequently fates of aquatic wildlife. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Characterization of a highly conserved microsatellite marker with utility potentials in cyprinid fishes

A microsatellite locus, MFW1, originating from common carp is highly conserved in flanking nucleotides but variable in repeat length in some fishes from different families of the Cypriniformes. This orthologous locus is polymorphic in approximately 58% of the species tested in the order and is inherited by Mendelian law. It proved to be a potentially good marker in population genetics and in the cyprinid species-breeding programme in which no microsatellite markers were available.

Compensatory growth and food consumption in gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, and Chinese longsnout catfish, Leiocassis longirostris, experiencing cycles of feed deprivation and re-feeding

The compensatory responses of juvenile gibel carp and Chinese longsnout catfish to four cycles of 1 part of a study designed to determine feeding regimes that would maximise growth rates. Both species showed compensatory growth in the re-feeding periods. The compensation was not sufficient for the deprived fish to match the growth trajectories of controls fed to satiation daily. The compensatory growth response was more clearly defined in the later cycles. The deprived fish showed hyperphagia during the 2-week periods of re-feeding and the hyperphagic response was clearer in the later cycles. The hyperphagia tended to persist for both weeks of the re-feeding period. The gibel carp showed no difference in gross growth efficiency between deprived and control fish. In the catfish, the gross growth efficiency of the deprived fish was marginally higher than that of control fish, but the efficiency varied erratically from week to week. Over the experiment, the deprived fish achieved growth rates 75-80% of those shown by control fish, although fed at a frequency of 66%. There was no evidence of growth over-compensation with the deprivation-re-feeding protocol used in this study. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The role of plants in channel-dyke and field irrigation systems for domestic wastewater treatment in an integrated eco-engineering system

Eight kinds of plants were tested in channel-dyke and field irrigation systems. The removal rates of TP, phosphate, TN, ammonia, CODcr and BOD, in the channel-dyke system with napiergrass (Pennisetum purpurem Schumach, x Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng American) were 83.2, 82.3, 76.3, 96.2, 73.5 and 85.8%, respectively. The field irrigation systems with rice I-yuanyou No.1(88-132) (Oryza sativa L.) and rice II- suakoko8 (Oryza glaberrima) had high efficiency for N removal; the removal rate were 84.7 and 84.3%, respectively. The mass balance data revealed that napiergrass, rice I and II were the most important nutrient sinks, assimilating more than 50% of TP and TN. Plant uptake of N and P as percentage of total removal from wastewater correlated with biomass yield of and planting mode. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Optical bistability in InP/GaInAsP equilateral-triangle-resonator microlasers

Optical bistability is reported in InP/GaInAsP equilateral-triangle-resonator (ETR) microlasers, which are fabricated by planar technology. For a 30 mu m side ETR microlaser with a 2-mu m-wide output waveguide connected to one of the vertices of the ETR, hysteresis loops are observed for the output power versus the injection current from 215 to 235 K. The laser output spectra are measured in the upper and lower states of the hysteresis loop, which show strong mode competition among transverse modes. The hysteresis loops are demonstrated by two-mode rate equations with asymmetric cross gain saturation and different output efficiencies. (C) 2009 Optical Society of America