藏文编码字符集的扩充集在Linux上的实现

国内藏文软件开发普遍使用的是基于垂直预组合字符的实现方案,但是缺乏统一的编码标准.藏文编码字符集扩充集的推出,对于国内藏文软件的标准化、国际化具有重要意义.本文通过分析ISO/IEC 10646藏文编码字符集基本集、藏文编码字符集扩充集国家标准,区分它们描述字丁的差异,分析由编码方案所导致的实现上的关键问题.最后,针对藏文扩充集B的特殊性,提出并实现了基于Linux国际化架构下支持藏文扩充集标准的解决方案.

X Window核心系统的民文支持

Linux系统对少数民族文字的支持需要建立在国际化机制基础上,本文在总结现有Linux国际化框架层次结构基础上,分析了X核心系统国际化的一些关键问题,并以增加藏文支持的实践为例,系统说明了增加民族文字支持所需对X核心系统进行的改动,对在相关项目中的实施情况和效果进行了评估,最后结合其他民族文字系统的研究,对这些工作的局限性进行了深入分析,并提出了今后的工作方向.

藏文字库标准符合性自动检测方案设计与实现

软件产品的标准符合性测试是衡量产品质量与性能的重要方法。本文根据藏文字符集标准与字型标准，按软件产品的可用性原则．分析与定义了藏文字库标准符合性检测的含义与内容。本文提出了实施藏文字库标准符合性测试的方案与算法，实现了藏文字库测试程序。测试结果表明本文的检测方案可行、完整，也为其他文字的字库标准符合性检测提供了很好的途径。

一种支持多语言文本布局方向的文档处理模型

文档处理是文字处理的关键组成部分，针对多语言混合排版的需求，本文提出了基于“框”的支持不同方向的多语言文本布局的文档处理模型。该模型把时文本布局方向的处理封装在文档格式化模块中，将多文本布局方向的问题规约为文本布局方向为从左向右（水平）的文档格式化的问题，并设计了多文本布局方向文档格式化的递归算法。该模型可以很好支持包括我国民族文字蒙古文、维吾尔文、藏文在内的各种不同书写方向文字的文本布局。

蒙古文显示在OpenOffice.org办公套件中的实现

蒙古文是一种复杂文字,目前操作系统和办公套件都还不支持蒙古文的显示.OpenOffice.org是可以运行在Linux和Windows上跨平台的办公套件,它分别使用ICU LayoutEngine和Uniscribe进行复杂文字处理.本文以支持蒙古文处理的Linux版本OpenOiffice.org为基础,详细分析了OpenOffice.org在Linux和Windows系统上的复杂文本处理过程,采用Uniscribe与ICU相结合的方案,实现了OpenOffice.org在Windows平台上对蒙古文的显示.

藏文支持在OpenOffice.org办公套件中的实现

办公套件是人们日常应用最为广泛的信息处理软件之一,但真正意义的藏文办公套件至今都尚未问世,成为藏文信息技术发展的“瓶颈”.开源项目OpenOffice.org的不断发展和日益成熟,为藏文办公套件的研制开发提供了有利的契机.以OpenOffice.org为源代码基础,采用藏文编码字符集（扩充集A）国家标准,研制的藏文办公套件可支持藏文排版习惯和藏文本地环境,着重解决了藏文文本自动断行的问题,能够满足藏语文用户日常办公需要.

数据库管理系统多民族语言支持研究

目前流行的各种大型数据库系统都缺乏对民族语言如藏、蒙、维文的支持。如何实现民文信息在数据库中存储、查询和检索等处理及支持各种基于民文的数据库应用，是一个重要问题。本文提出了一个数据库管理系统多民族语言支持框架，支持多民族语言、数据库客户端工具和应用编程接口；并在此框架下提出了一种符合ISO／IEC 14651语义的藏文排序方法，从而实现了PostgreSQL数据库对藏文信息处理的全面支持。并在Linux平台的PostgreSQL数据库系统上加以实现。

Analysis of orthogonal memory patterns

It is well known that the storage capacity may be large if all memory patterns are orthogonal to each other. In this paper, a clear description is given about the relation between the dimension N and the maximal number of orthogonal vectors with components +/-1, and also the conception of attractive index is proposed to estimate the basin of attraction. Theoretic analysis and computer simulation show that each memory pattern's basin of attraction contains at least one Hamming ball when the storage capacity is less than 0.33N which is better than usual 0.15 N.

Screening of genes related to ovary development in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis by suppression subtractive hybridization

The ovary of triploid shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis was apparently impaired compared to that of the diploid shrimp at the same age. Therefore triploid shrimp ovary is possible to be taken as a model to understand the mechanism of ovary development of shrimp compared to that of the ovary of diploid shrimp at the same age. In the present study, a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique was applied to identify differentially expressed genes in the ovary between diploid and triploid shrimp. For the forward library (RNA from the ovary of triploid shrimp as the tester), 54 genes were identified. For the reverse library (RNA from the ovary of diploid shrimp as the tester), 16 genes were identified. The identified genes encoded proteins with multiple functions, including extracellular matrix components, cytoskeleton, cell growth and death, metabolism, genetic information processing, signal transduction/transport or immunity related proteins. Eleven differentially expressed genes were selected to be confirmed in the ovaries of triploid and diploid shrimp by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Genes encoding spermatogonial stem-cell renewal factor, cytochrome c oxidase subunits I and II, clottable protein, antimicrobial peptide and transposase showed up-regulated expressions in the ovary of triploid shrimp. Genes encoding tubulin, cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein, farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase, thrombospondin and heat shock protein 90 genes showed higher expressions in the ovary of diploid shrimp. The differential expressions of the above genes are suggested to be related to the ovary development of shrimp. It will provide a new clue to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the ovarian development in penaeid shrimp. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

基于多微处理器的智能超声探测系统

设计了一种基于多微处理器的智能超声探测系统。该系统采用由上位工作模式控制单元和下位智能超声传感器阵列组成的分布式结构。每个超声传感器均由独立的微处理器控制,并完成实时数据处理、抗干扰处理、故障报警以及数据通信等功能。上位控制单元根据移动机器人的运动状态采用不同的控制策略,使下位传感器阵列分组并行工作,提高了探测系统的实时性;下位传感器采用"阈值比较法"、"改进型递推均值滤波"算法和模糊信息处理技术,提高了探测系统的准确性、可靠性。将该探测系统安装于RIRA-II移动机器人上,进行了基于主动视觉和超声信息的运动目标跟踪实验,实验表明超声探测系统运行可靠、稳定。

复合机构移动机器人红外和超声阵列信息处理方法

传感器是移动机器人认识和了解外部环境的重要途径。在导航过程中,移动机器人要对当前环境进行实时感知和快速理解,并加以识别从而准确避开障碍物。论文提出一种适用于复合机构移动机器人的红外阵列和超声阵列传感器信息采集和处理方法。结合笔者研制的“基于复合机构的非结构环境移动机器人”,给出了系统具体的软、硬件的设计和局部路径规划实现方法。实验验证了该方法的可靠性和有效性。

5-13岁儿童对惯性运动的认知发展

Research on naïve physics investigates children’s intuitive understanding of physical objects, phenomena and processes. Children, and also many adults, were found to have a misconception of inertia, called impetus theory. In order to investigate the development of this naïve concept and the mechanism underlying it, four age groups (5-year-olds, 2nd graders, 5th graders, and 8th graders) were included in this research. Modified experimental tasks were used to explore the effects of daily experience, perceptual cues and general information-processing ability on children’s understanding of inertia. The results of this research are: 1) Five- to thirteen-year-olds’ understanding of inertia problems which were constituted by two ogjects moving at the same spped undergoes an L-shaped developmental trend; Children’s performance became worse as they got older, and their performance in the experiment did not necessarily ascend with the improvement of their cognitive abilities. 2) The L-shaped developmental curve suggests that children in different ages used different strategies to solve inertia problems: Five- to eight-year-olds only used heuristic strategy, while eleven- to thirteen-year-olds solved problems by analyzing the details of inertia motion. 3) The different performance between familiar and unfamiliar problems showed that older children were not able to spontaneously transfer their knowledge and experience from daily action and observation of inertia to unfamiliar, abstract inertia problems. 4) Five- to eight-year-olds showed straight and fragmented pattern, while more eleven- to thirteen-year-olds showed standard impetus theory and revised impetus theory pattern, which showed that younger children were influenced by perceptual cues and their understanding of inertia was fragmented, while older children had coherent impetus theory. 5) When the perceptual cues were controlled, even 40 percent 5 years olds showed the information-processing ability to analyze the distance, speed and time of two objects traveling in two different directions at the same time, demonstrating that they have achieved a necessary level to theorize their naïve concept of inertia.

社会冲突信息加工的事件相关电位研究

Processing of discrepant information is an important part in our everyday life. According to the social attributes of information, it can be categorized into two parts: social discrepancy and nonsocial discrepant information. The researches focused on nonsocial discrepancy are much mature than those of social discrepancy processing. This serial study employed three ERP experiments to explore the attributes of social discrepancy cognition. Experiment one compared the ERP differences between social and nonsocial discrepancy processing, experiment two adopted single stimulus paradigm to explore the negativity attention biases of social emotions, experiment three investigated the affective mechanism of emotions to social discrepancy information with cue-target paradigm, based on the experiment one and two. We invited healthy undergraduates to participate in our researches, in which social gender words and affective images were stimuli to explore the temporal sequences, activated modes and affective mechanisms of social discrepancy. The results were as below: 1. The differences of attention resource distributions between social and nonsocial information processing exhibited as early as 200 ms, since which P2 was evoked in both blocks. The larger P2 in nonsocial block represented the more attention to physical and nonsocial attributes of objects. N300/400 indicated the differences of evaluating systems in each block. The cognitive mechanisms of social and nonsocial tasks were specific, based on the fact: (1) the discrepancy evaluating system was activated earlier in nonsocial block than that of social block; (2) the social cognition performed right hemisphere advantage, but nonsocial task did not so. 2. Social emotions also could raise a negativity bias on attention. The latency of P2 evoked by social sad images was shorter than that of social happiness and neutral images. The latencies of P2 indicated that sad emotions attracted attention earlier, and possessed a processing advantage. The phenomenon that the larger N2 was evoked by social sadness showed that people was easily moved by sad emotions and sympathized the sadness. 3. Emotions affected social discrepancy processing. Positive affective mood magnified the discrepancy effect, based on the smaller latencies of difference N400 and larger amplitudes. Persons with happy mood synthesized social stereotypes to accelerate the social tasks. 4. Three experiments all showed the right hemisphere advantages of social cognition and social emotions, offered more proof in laterality hypothesis of social cognition. Above all, social cognition had essential distinctions with nonsocial cognition; they two had their own specific characteristics. The fact that social cognition was prone to be affected by different emotional mood made it more complex.

任职者工作分析评价结果影响因素的多水平探讨

As the foundation of other human resource practices, job analysis plays an essential role in HR management. Exploring sources of variance in job analysis ratings given by incumbents from the same job is of much significance to HRM practices. It can also shed lights on employee motivation in organizations. But previous studies in job analysis field have usually been conducted at individual level and take variance in job analysis ratings given by incumbents of the same job as error or bias. This dissertation takes the position that the variance may be meaningful based on role theory and other relevant theories. It first reviewed pervious studies on factors which may influence job analysis ratings provided by incumbents of the same job, and then investigated individual, interpersonal and organizational level variables which may exert impacts on these job analysis ratings, using multilevel data from 8 jobs of 1124 incumbents. The major findings are as follows: 1) Level of job performance and job attitudes affect incumbents’ job analysis ratings by incumbents of the same job at individual level. Specifically, incumbents with high level of job performance rated their job require higher levels of technical skills (power plant designers), and regarded information processing activities as more important to their job (book editors). Regarding the effects of job attitudes, incumbents of the four jobs with high level of job satisfaction gave higher importance and level ratings on organizational and cognitive skills, as well as higher level ratings on technical skills. Further, incumbents with higher affective commitment provided higher importance and level ratings of cognitive skills. Lastly, more involved job incumbents perceived organizational skills and cognitive skills as more important, and required at higher levels, for their job. 2) Leader-Member Exchange and goal structure also have effects on job analysis ratings by incumbents of the same job at interpersonal level. In good quality LMX relationship, news reporters rated decision-making activities and interpersonal activities as more important to their job. On the other side, when book editors structured their goals as cooperative with others’, they provided higher importance ratings on reasoning and interpersonal skills, and related personality requirements, as well as higher level ratings on reasoning abilities. 3) Worker requirements for the identical job are distinct from one organization to another. Specifically, there were between-organization differences in achievement orientation and conscientiousness related personality requirements. In addition, two dimensions of organizational culture, achievement-oriented culture and integrity-oriented culture in particular, were significantly associated with importance ratings of achievement orientation and conscientiousness related personality requirements respectively. Furthermore, achievement-oriented culture both directly and indirect (through job involvement) influenced achievement orientation related personality requirements. The results indicate that variation in job analysis ratings provided by incumbents of the same job may be meaningful. Future job analysis studies and practices should consider the impacts of these individual, interpersonal and organizational level factors on job analysis information. The results also have important implications for employee motivation concerning how organizational demands can be transformed into specific job and worker requirements.