The beta decay of N-21

The beta-delayed neutron and gamma energy spectra taken from the decay of neutron-rich nucleus N-21 were measured by using the beta - gamma and beta - n coincidence detection method. Thirteen new neutron groups ranging from 0.28MeV to 4.98 MeV and with a total branching ratio of 88.7 +/- 4.2% were observed and presented. One gamma transition with an energy of 1222 keV emitted from the excited state of O-21, and four gamma transitions with energies of 1674, 2397, 2780, and 3175 keV emitted from the excited states of O-20 were identified in the 3 decay chain of N-21. The beta decay half-life for N-21 is determined to be 82.9 +/- 1.9 ms. The uncertainty of half-life is much smaller than the previous result.

Separation of acidic and basic compounds in capillary electrochromatography with polymethacrylate-based monolithic columns

Methacrylate-based monolithic columns with electroosmotic flow (EOF) or very weak EOF are prepared by in situ copolymerization in the presence of a porogen in fused-silica capillaries pretreated with a bifunctional reagent. Satisfactory separations of acidic and basic compounds on the column with EOF at either low or high pH are achieved, respectively. With sulfonic groups as dissociation functionalities, sufficient EOF mobility still remains as high as 1.74 x 10(-4) cm(2) s(-1) V-1 at low pH. Under this condition, seven acidic compounds are readily separated within 5.7 min. Moreover, at high pH, the peak shape of basic compounds is satisfactory without addition of any masking amines into running mobile phase since the secondary interaction between the basic compounds and the monolithic stationary phase are minimized at high pH. Reversed-phase mechanism for both acidic and basic compounds is observed under investigated separation conditions. In addition, possibilities of acidic and basic compound separations on a monolithic column with extremely low EOF are discussed. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

On-line concentration of neutral and charged species in capillary electrochromatography with a methacrylate-based monolithic stationary phase

A method involving self-concentration, on-column enrichment and field-amplified sample stacking for on-line concentration in capillary electrochromatography with a polymer monolithic column is presented. Since monolithic columns eliminate the frit fabrication and the problems associated with frits, the experimental conditions could be more flexibly adjusted to obtain higher concentration factor in comparison with conventional particulate packed columns. With self-concentration effect, the detection sensitivity of benzene and hexylbenzene is improved by a factor of 4 and 8, respectively. With on-column enrichment and ultralong injection, improvement as high as 22 000 times in detection sensitivity of benzoin is achieved. Furthermore, a combination of the three above-mentioned methods yields up to a 24000-fold improvement in detection sensitivity for caffeine, a charged compound. Parameters affecting the efficiency of on-line concentration are investigated systematically. In addition, equations describing on-line concentration process are deduced.

长白山阔叶红松林生态系统的呼吸速率

利用Li-6400便携式CO2分析系统测定长白山原始阔叶红松林生态系统土壤呼吸、乔灌木的枝干呼吸和叶呼吸;同步监测森林小气候气象因子;建立土壤、树干、叶与环境因子间的模型.根据阔叶红松林植被群落的特性,估算阔叶红松林生态系统不同组分呼吸速率.结果表明,阔叶红松林生态系统呼吸具有明显的成熟林特征,生态系统总呼吸量为1602.8gC.m-2.整个生态系统年平均呼吸速率为(4.37±2.98)μmol.m-2.s-1(24h平均数).其中,土壤呼吸、枝干和叶呼吸分别占整个森林生态系统呼吸的63%、16%和21%.乔木、灌木和草本叶呼吸速率分别占阔叶红松林生态系统植物呼吸的89.82%、5.57%和4.61%.阔叶红松林生态系统呼吸速率与大气和土壤温度之间呈显著的指数关系.大气和土壤温度能分别反映阔叶红松林生态系统呼吸的87%和95%.

河北木兰围场油松年轮生态学的初步研究

运用树木年轮气候学方法,研究了河北木兰围场油松的生长与气候要素之间的关系.结果表明:油松生长对环境变化十分敏感,以早材最为敏感.5、6月气温与油松生长存在显著的负相关关系;6月的降水和相对湿度对油松早材的生长有促进作用,上年9月到翌年9月的降水对油松生长有更强的促进作用;12月到翌年3月的相对湿度对油松晚材生长的促进作用较干旱和全轮显著;油松的生长与大尺度气候波动存在一定的相关性.1951—2006年间,围场地区增温明显.随气温的升高,油松生长对温度和降水的敏感性下降,且有向相反方向转变的趋势.百年尺度上5—6月平均气温的重建值与观测值差异较大,说明当地油松的宽度生长对气候因子变化的敏感性波动较大.

节水农业研究中的土壤物理问题学术讨论会在西安举行

节水农业研究中的土壤物理问题学术讨论会在西安举行中国土壤学会土壤物理专业委员会与西安理工大学水资源研究所共同组织的“节水农业研究中的土壤物理问题学术讨论会”于１９９４年１０月１９日至２２日在西安理工大学召开。会上就节水农业研究中的土壤物理问题进行了广...

Influences of Gd on the microstructure and strength of Mg-4.5Zn alloy

Microstructure and mechanical properties of peak-aged Mg-4.5Zn-xGd (x=0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.%) alloys have been investigated. The results showed that the grain size of the alloys was refined gradually with increasing Gd. Mg5Gd and Mg3Gd2Zn3 phases were found in the Gd-containing alloys. The strengths were greatly improved with Gd additions, and the highest strength level was obtained in the Mg-4.5Zn-1.5Gd alloy, in which the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength were 231 MPa and 113 MPa, respectively.

碱基腺嘌呤与胸腺嘧啶在Au(111)电极上的共吸附

用循环伏安法(CV)和电化学扫描隧道显微镜(ECSTM)在HClO4溶液中研究了配对碱基腺嘌呤(Adenine,A)与胸腺嘧啶(Thymine,T)在Au(111)电极上的共吸附行为。CV曲线表明,A和T的电化学共吸附行为更接近于A的电化学吸附行为。高分辨STM图像显示,在物理吸附区域碱基A和T分子之间通过氢键作用形成一种不同于单组分的网络结构。根据STM图像提出一个可能的模型,并给出了在Au(111)电极上共吸附时A和T分子之间可能的氢键作用方式。

Synthesis and structure of a novel mononuclear tungsten (VI) citrato complex, (NH4)(3)[Li(H2O)(3)WO3(C6H4O7)]

The first mononuclear tungsten-citrato complex, (NH4)(3)[Li(H2O)(3)WO3(C6H4O7)] (1) has been prepared by the reaction of ammonium tetrathio tungstate and lithium citrate in CH3OH - H2O solution at pH 8.2. There are two crystallographically independent anions in the asymmetric crystallographic unit. The crystal structure of the title compound (triclinic, space group P (1) over bar, a = 6.901(1), b = 15.136(3), c = 16.107(3) Angstrom, alpha = 75.85(3), beta = 89.89(3), gamma = 89.97(3), V = 1631.4(6) Angstrom (3), R = 0.068, R-w = 0.1674 for 3878 reflections with I > 2 sigma (1)), reveals that in the compound a tungsten atom is coordinated to a fully deprotonated citrate as a tridentate ligand and three terminal oxygen atoms to form a distorted coordination octahedron.

Poly(ethylene glycol) block poly(butyl acrylate) .1. Synthesis

Prepolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) (Pre-PEG) were synthesized by reacting azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and their structures were characterized by IR and UV. The molecular weight of pre-PEG was related to the feed ratio and reaction time. These prepolymers can be used to prepare block copolymers - poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(butyl acrylate) (PEO-b-PBA) by radical polymerization in the presence of butyl acrylate (BA). Solution polymerization was a suitable technique for this step. The yield and the molecular weight of the product were related to the ratio of the prepolymer to BA, the reaction time, and temperature. GPC showed that the molecular weight increased with a higher ratio of BA to pre-PEO. The intrinsic viscosity of the copolymers was only slightly dependent on reaction time, but decreased at higher reaction temperatures, as did the amount of PEA homopolymer. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.