Adsorption of heavy rare earth(III) with extraction resin containing bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid

In the present paper, the adsorption of thulium(Ill) from chloride medium on an extraction resin containing bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (CL302, HL) has been studied. The results show that 1.5 h is enough for the adsorption equilibrium. The distribution coefficients are determined as a function of the acidity of the aqueous phase and the data are analyzed both graphically and numerically. The plots of log D versus pH give a straight line with a slope of about 3, indicating that 3 protons are released in the adsorption reaction of thulium(III). The content of Cyanex302 in the resin is determined to be 48.21%. The total amount of Tm3+ adsorbed up to resin saturation is determined to be 82.46 mg Tm3+/g resin. Therefore, the sorption reactions of Tm3+ from chloride medium with CL302 can be described as: Tm3+ + 3HL((r)) <----> TmL3(r) + 3H(+) The Freundlich's isothermal adsorption equation is also determined as: log Q = 0.73 log C + 3.05 The amounts (Q) of Tm3+ adsorbed with the resin have been studied at different temperatures (15-40degreesC) at fixed concentrations of Tm3+, amounts of extraction resin, ion strength and acidities in the aqueous phase.

THE CHAIN STRUCTURE AND LIGHT-SCATTERING-STUDIES FOR ACRYLAMIDE-SODIUM ACRYLIC-ACID (AM-AA) COPOLYMERS

A set of AM-AA copolymer samples with the same comonomer content and different average molecular weight have been characterized by C-13 NMB and light scattering methods in this paper. The chemical composition (comonomer AA, mole content 16.9 +/- 1.1%) of these samples is uniform. the sequence of AA in the macromolecular chain is of alone and random distribution and the light scattering theory from polyelectrolyte in added-salt solutions is suitable for the AM-AA copolymers-0.12 mol/L NaCl water systems. The actual values of M(w), the second Virial coefficient A(2) and the mean square radius of gyration (R(2)), for the studied samples have been obtained. The relationships between the molecular parameters are as follows: A(2)=0.0619 ($) over bar M(w)(-0.24), < R(2) >(1/2)(t)= 0.0210 ($) over bar M(w)(0.54).

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 May 2009-31 July 2009

This article documents the addition of 512 microsatellite marker loci and nine pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alcippe morrisonia morrisonia, Bashania fangiana, Bashania fargesii, Chaetodon vagabundus, Colletes floralis, Coluber constrictor flaviventris, Coptotermes gestroi, Crotophaga major, Cyprinella lutrensis, Danaus plexippus, Fagus grandifolia, Falco tinnunculus, Fletcherimyia fletcheri, Hydrilla verticillata, Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus, Leavenworthia alabamica, Marmosops incanus, Miichthys miiuy, Nasua nasua, Noturus exilis, Odontesthes bonariensis, Quadrula fragosa, Pinctada maxima, Pseudaletia separata, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Podocarpus elatus, Portunus trituberculatus, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhinella schneideri, Sarracenia alata, Skeletonema marinoi, Sminthurus viridis, Syngnathus abaster, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis, Verticillium dahliae, Wasmannia auropunctata, and Zygochlamys patagonica. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Chaetodon baronessa, Falco columbarius, Falco eleonorae, Falco naumanni, Falco peregrinus, Falco subbuteo, Didelphis aurita, Gracilinanus microtarsus, Marmosops paulensis, Monodelphis Americana, Odontesthes hatcheri, Podocarpus grayi, Podocarpus lawrencei, Podocarpus smithii, Portunus pelagicus, Syngnathus acus, Syngnathus typhle,Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvauceli and Verticillium albo-atrum. This article also documents the addition of nine sequencing primer pairs and sixteen allele specific primers or probes for Oncorhynchus mykiss and Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; these primers and assays were cross-tested in both species.

Seasonal and interannual variation in water vapor and energy exchange over a typical steppe in Inner Mongolia, China

In this study, we conducted eddy covariance (EC) measurements of water vapor exchange over a typical steppe in a semi-arid area of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China. Measurement sites were located within a 25-year-old enclosure with a relatively low leaf area index (similar to 1. 5 m(2) m(-2)) and dominated by Leymus chinensis. Energy balance closure was (H + LE) = 17.09 + 0.69 x (Rn - G) (W/m(2); r(2) = 0.95, n = 6596). Precipitation during the two growing seasons of the study period was similar to the long-term average. The peak evapotranspiration in 2004 was 4 mm d(-1), and 3.5 mm d(-1) in 2003. The maximum latent heat flux was higher than the sensible heat flux, and the sensible heat flux dominated the energy budget at midday during the entire growing season in 2003; latent heat flux was the main consumption component for net radiation during the 2004 growing season. During periods of frozen soil in 2003 and 2004, the sensible heat flux was the primary consumption component for net radiation. The soil heat flux component was similar in 2003 and 2004. The decoupling coefficient (between 0.5 and 0.1) indicates that evapotranspiration was strongly controlled by saturation water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in this grassland. The results of this research suggest that energy exchange and evapotranspiration were controlled by the phenology of the vegetation and soil water content. In addition, the amount and frequency of rainfall significantly affect energy exchange and evapotranspiration upon the Inner Mongolia plateau. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.