对流扩散方程的绝对稳定高阶中心差分格式

将作者提出的数值摄动算法改进为区分离散单元内上游和下游并分别对通量进行高精度重构的双重数值摄动算法,与原(单重)摄动算法相比,双重摄动算法既提高了格式精度又明显扩大了格式的稳定域范围,利用双重摄动算法,即分别利用上游和下游基点变量的摄动重构将高阶流体力学关系及迎风机制耦合进二阶中心格式之中,由此构建了对流扩散方程的对网格Reynolds数的任意值均稳定(绝对稳定)高精度(四阶和八阶精度)三基点中心TVD差分格式,通过解析分析以及3个算例计算证实了构建格式的优良性能;3个算例包括一维线性、非线性(Burgers方程)和二维变系数对流扩散方程,数值计算表明:构建的格式在粗网格下不振荡,构建格式在粗网格时的最大误差L∞和均方误差L2与二阶中心格式在细网格时的相应误差一致,对线性方程,构建格式在细网格下可达到L2精度阶

ECR离子源束流引出与传输的研究(英文)

针对ECR离子源的束流引出及传输研究,在中国科学院近代物理研究所的LECR3离子源实验平台上开展了大量的实验.实验中研究了等离子体电极引出孔径、反射电极(抑制电极)偏压以及Glaser透镜等因素对束流引出与传输的影响.研究的重点是试图通过系列实验与分析来研究如何能更有效地引出强流离子束流并减小其在传输空间的损失.给出了实验的主要结果,结合这些数据对ECR离子源的束流引出与传输进行了较全面的分析,并综合这些实验结果与分析结果得出了该物理过程的一般物理图像.

Effect of dead carbon on the C-14 dating of the speleothem

IEECAS SKLLQG

~(136)Ba的10~+同质异能态

利用 450MeV的82 Se束流轰击139La靶 ,通过核子转移反应产生了136 Ba ,用在束γ谱学方法测量了其激发态的γ衰变 ,观测到了它的 1 0 +态同质异能态并得到该同质异能态的寿命为 94ns.

固定管道式喷灌系统支管的布设方法

传统固定管道式喷灌系统中的支管一般为最末一级管道,一般为单管顺长布置,支管上不再分支,喷头全部均匀分布在各条支管上,其缺陷是喷灌支管布设密度高,增加固定管道式喷灌系统的投资成本。为降低管道布设密度和投资成本,提出了一种新型支管布设方法,即在传统支管布设的基础上间隔去掉一半原有支管,保留原支管上的喷头位置不变,在保留支管上每间隔一个喷头增设一个垂直于支管的短管,向被去掉支管上的喷头供水。从支管布设密度和管材用量两个方面对新型和传统两种布设方法进行了对比分析。结果表明,新型布设方法降低了支管的布设密度,当喷头为正三角形布置时,支管布设密度降低率为7%。当喷头为等腰三角形布置,且喷头间距为支管间距的两倍时,支管布设密度降低率为25%。新型布设方法增加了支管管材用量,管材用量增加率始终大于141.4%,需要通过变管径的设计方法降低管材用量增加率。研究结果为固定管道式喷灌系统的支管布设提供了一种新的方法,为降低喷灌系统管道投资成本提供了一种新的思路。

玉米施用长效肥料增产效果研究

长效肥料具有肥效期长、肥料利用率高、提高产量等优点。同时,长效肥料用于基施可免去追肥工序,省工省力,增加效益。本文通过玉米施用长效肥料,探索对玉米的增产效果。试验结果表明玉米施用长效肥料可增加玉米产量7.28%～11.44%,增加产值589～817元/hm2,增产增收效果明显,具有广泛的应用价值。

Spatio-temporal patterns and driving forces of urban land expansion in china during the economic reform era

Along with its economic reform, China has experienced a rapid urbanization. This study mapped urban land expansion in China using high-resolution Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper data of 1989/1990, 1995/1996 and 1999/2000 and analyzed its expansion modes and the driving forces underlying this process during 1990-2000. Our results show that China's urban land increased by 817 thousand hectares, of which 80.8% occurred during 1990-1995 and 19.2% during 1995-2000. It was also found that China's urban expansion had high spatial and temporal differences, such as four expansion modes, concentric, leapfrog, linear and multi-nuclei, and their combinations coexisted and expanded urban land area in the second 5 y was much less than that of the first 5 y. Case studies of the 13 mega cities showed that urban expansion had been largely driven by demographic change, economic growth, and changes in land use policies and regulations.

Biodegradation of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) tube stents in bile

The objective of this study was to evaluate degradation behavior and the feasibility of biodegradable polymeric stents in common bile duct (CBD) repair and reconstruction. Various molar ratios of lactide (LA) and glycolide (GA) in poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) were synthesized and processed into a circular tubing of similar to 10.0 mm outer diameter and a wall thickness of about 2.0 mm.

Influence of temperature on lattice spacings of melt-crystallized poly(iminosebacoyl iminodecamethylene)

The variation of lattice spacings of poly(iminosebacoyl iminodecamethylene) (nylon-10,10) with temperature was studied by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) during both heating and cooling processes, which demonstrates a gradual and continuous transition with temperature. However, the crystal melts before the two peaks merge completely. Both WAXD and differential scanning calorimetry show that crystallization from molten sample results directly in the triclinic form. Additionally, this transition is thermodynamically reversible. Comparison of this transition with that of nylon-6,6, suggests that no hydrogen-bonded network is formed during or after the transition. We prefer to attribute this transition to asymmetrical thermal expansion in the nylon-10,10 crystals rather than to a true first-order phase transition. (C) 2001 Society of Chemical Industry.