翘嘴鲌人工繁殖技术

<正>2005年至2006年,我所开展了翘嘴鲌人工繁殖和苗种培育技术研究,取得了理想的效果,将其中的一些经验总结出来供参考。

土壤中痕量六溴环十二烷的超高效液相色谱/质谱联用分析

报道了土壤样品中痕量六溴环十二烷(HBCDS)的超高效液相气谱/质谱联用分析方法(UPLC/MS)。结果表明,该方法在9 min内即可完成α-HBCD、β-HBCD和γ-HBCD3种同分异构体的分离,回收率为79.3%~109.9%,在2.5~150 ng/mL范围内具有较好的线性,R2为0.991~0.998;α-HBCD、β-HBCD、γ-HBCD的检出限分别为20 pg、45 pg和15 pg。

东湖天蓝喇叭虫(Stentor coeruleus)种群的离散分化

利用筛选的12条10 bp的随机引物对采自武汉市东湖(3个样点)、南湖(3个样点)、月湖(1个样点)和关桥(1个样点)四个水体的天蓝喇叭虫(Stentor coeruleus)种群进行了随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)研究,所得清晰条带显示不同样点样本之间存在着一定的变异,其遗传距离在0．076-0．416之间．用Rapdistance 1．04构建聚类图并探讨不同样点之间的遗传距离远近．结果显示南湖的3样点的遗传距离较近,在聚类图上聚成一枝,应该为同一个种群;而东湖的3个样点可能是由于地理隔离原因,在聚类

利用RAPD-PCR探讨天蓝喇叭虫生物群系分化

选择天蓝喇叭虫(Stentor coeruleus)作为研究对象,对武汉市南湖、月湖、关桥3个水体共5个样点天蓝喇叭虫(S.coeruleus)样本的总DNA进行随机扩增多态DNA聚类分析,以检测各个样本的遗传相似性和趋异程度,借以评估样本间的遗传变异度。结果如下:(1)从98条随机引物中筛选12条引物共扩增出89条大小为100～1500bp的清晰条带,平均每条引物扩增出7.4条片段。(2)用Rapdistance1.04分析显示,不同样点样本之间存在着一定的变异,其遗传距离在0.076～0.416之间。

鳗鲡外周血淋巴细胞转化试验培养条件的初步研究

探讨鳗鲡外周血淋巴细胞转化试验的最优条件,为鳗鲡的细胞免疫研究提供方法。通过对培养时间、培养温度、小牛血清和刀豆蛋白A(ConA)浓度4个参数的测定,初步确定了鳗鲡外周血淋巴细胞转化试验四甲基偶氮唑(MTT)法的培养条件。结果表明,在培养时间60 h和68 h,培养温度为18.0℃、24.0℃、30.0℃,RPMI细胞培养液中小牛血清浓度为5%、10%和15%,ConA浓度为0μg/mL、2.5μg/mL、5μg/mL和10μg/mL的范围内,淋巴细胞于18.0℃、含10μg/mL ConA和15%小牛血

长江江豚和瓶鼻海豚的血清转铁蛋白

农业部淡水鱼类种质资源与生物技术重点开放实验室开放课题资助项目(LFB20040513)

养殖鱼类饲料蛋白需要量的研究进展

国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 396 2 5 0 0 6;39970 5 84 ); 中国科学院创新项目 (KSFX2 1 0 4 ); 广东海大畜牧水产饲料有限公司项目资助

中国胭脂鱼线粒体控制区遗传多样性分析

利用PCR技术扩增了采自长江宜昌江段和清江的 8尾中国胭脂鱼线粒体DNA控制区全序列。研究发现该种具有脊椎动物线粒体控制区的一般结构 .在获得的 95 8bp的碱基序列中 ,共检测出 32个多态性核苷酸变异位点 ,多态位点比例为 0 .0 33。核苷酸的变异位点除一个为缺失外 ,其余全部为碱基转换 .变异位点主要集中在 5 5～36 5bp高变异区 ,而其他区域突变稀少。个体的变异在 0～ 1.36 %之间 ,表现出较大的个体多态性差异。中国胭脂鱼的线粒体控制区的变异远大于美国胭脂鱼 (Moxostoma

人工诱导大鳞副泥鳅雄核发育二倍体克隆鱼的产生

首次获得人工诱导雄核发育二倍体大鳞副泥鳅克隆鱼。方法是:用紫外线210mJ/cm~2辐射浸泡在人工合成卵巢液中的泥鳅卵,使其染色体遗传失活,再与大鳞副泥鳅精子“受精”。在室温26℃条件下“受精”后15min开始,每隔2min一组,将“受精卵”置于39℃温水中热休克处理2min,以阻止第一次有丝分裂的发生,结果表明:二倍诱导率距“受精”后15～19min和27～29min出现两个高峰,最高二倍诱导率为61.1％,经染色体和形态特征鉴定表明,鱼苗为大鳞副泥鳅雄核发育二倍体克隆鱼,其染色体数(2n=48)和外部

Growth hormone gene transfer in common carp

The first successful case of transgenic fish was achieved in 1984. It is in a model system that the integration and expression of recombinant human growth hormone (hGH) in host red common carp (Cyprinus carpio, red var.) have been thoroughly studied. Recently, the integration sites have been recovered and characterized. Compared with non-transgenic peers, hGH-transgenic fish are prior in dietary utilization and growth performance. In view of bio-safety and bio-ethics, an "all-fish" construct CAgcGH, grass carp growth hormone fused with common carp P-actin promoter, has been generated and transferred into Yellow River carp (C carpio, local strain in Yellow River) fertilized eggs. Under middle-scale trial, CAgcGH-transgenics show higher growth rate and food conversion efficiency than the controls, which is consistent to laboratory findings. To avoid the potential impact of transgenic fish on the environment, a sterile strain of transgenic triploid fish has been successfully produced. The "all-fish" transgenic common carp is also approved safe enough as daily food, according to a test based on the pathological principles of new medicines issued by the Ministry of Health of China. The "all-fish" transgenic common carp with growth enhancement is now ready for market, but looking for governmental authorization. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS and Ifremer/IRD/Inra/Cemagref. All rights reserved.

HLA-DRB1 allele polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility to esophageal carcinoma

AIM: To probe into the genetic susceptibility of HLA-DRB1 alleles to esophageal carcinoma in Han Chinese in Hubei Province. METHODS: HLA-DRB1 allele polymorphisms were typed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) in 42 unrelated patients with esophageal cancer and 136 unrelated normal control subjects and the associated HLA-DRB1 allele was measured by nucleotide sequence analysis with PCR.SAS software was used in statistics. RESULTS: Allele frequency (AF) of HLA-DRB1*0901 was significantly higher in esophageal carcinoma patients than that in the normal controls (0.2500 vs0.1397, P=0.028, the odds ratio 2.053, etiologic fraction 0.1282). After analyzed the allele nucleotide sequence of HLA-DRB1*0901 which approachs to the corresponded exon 2 sequence of the allele in genebank. There was no association between patients and controls in the rested HLA-DRB1 alleles. CONCLUSION: HLA-DRB1*0901 allele is more common in the patients with esophageal carcinoma than in the healthy controls, which is positively associated with the patients of Hubei Han Chinese. Individuals carrying HLA-DRB1*0901 may be susceptible to esophageal carcinoma.

Freshwater fishes distribution in Taiwan and continent of China and its biogeographical significance

Through the comparative analysis of primary freshwater fishes in Chinese continent and the Taiwan Island, we summarize the three distinctions of distribution of freshwater fishes in these areas: (i) there exists a high similarity of freshwater fish fauna between Taiwan and the southeastern shore of the continent; (ii) some species of freshwater fish are found both in the Taiwan Island and East Himalayans; (iii) different freshwater fishes have different distributions in island arch of western Pacific where Taiwan is located, but the distribution pattern shows a similarity to that of adjacent continent. The characteristic distributions of the fishes are closely related to the change in paleogeography and geology in the area. The parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE analysis) indicates that the three distribution patterns can be explained by the vicariance theory.

Study on mechanical properties of GaN epitaxy films grown on sapphire by MOCVD

GaN epitaxy films were grown on (0001) oriented sapphire substrate by metal-organic vapor deposition(MOCVD). AFM and SEM were used to analyze the surface morphology of GaN films. Hardness and critical load of GaN films were measured by an nano-indentation tester, friction coefficient by reciprocating UMT-2MT tribometer. It is found that the surface of GaN film is smooth and the epitaxial growth mechanism is in two-dimension mode, GaN epitaxy films also belong to ultra-hardness materials, whose hardness is 22.1 MPa and elastic modulus is 299.5 GPa. Adhesion strength of epitaxial GaN to sapphire is high, and critical load reaches 1.6 N. Friction coefficient against GCr15 ball is steadily close to 0.13, while GaN films turns to be broken rapidly by using Si3N4 ceramic ball as counterpart.

Microstructure of GaN films grown on Si(111) substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

We report the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study of the microstructure of wurtzitic GaN films grown on Si(I I I) substrates with AlN buffer layers by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method. An amorphous layer was formed at the interface between Si and AlN when thick GaN film was grown. We propose the amorphous layer was induced by the large stress at the interface when thick GaN was grown. The In0.1Ga0.9N/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) reduced the dislocation density by obstructing the mixed and screw dislocations from passing through the MQW. But no evident reduction of the edge dislocations by the MQW was observed. It was found that dislocations located at the boundaries of grains slightly in-plane misoriented have screw component. Inversion domain is also observed. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.