Observations on photochemical fluorescence enhancement of the terbium(III) sparfloxacin system

Fluorescence of terbium(III) was sensitized when excited in the presence of sparfloxacin (SPFX) in the aqueous solution because a Tb(III)-SPFX complex was formed. The sensitized fluorescence was further enhanced when this system was exposed to 365 nm ultraviolet light. By the spectral properties and contrast experiments, it is proved that irradiation makes this system undergo photochemical reactions and a new terbium complex which is more favorable to the intramolecular energy transfer is formed. The mechanism of photochemical fluorescence enhancement of the Tb(III)-SPFX system is discussed and a new sensitive and selective photochemical fluorimetry for the determination of SPFX is established. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range is 1.0-50 x 10(-7) M for SPFX, the detection limit is 3.0 x 10(-9) M and the R.S.D. for 5.0 x 10(-7) M SPFX is 1.3% (n = 9). Without any pretreatment the recovery of SPFX in human urine was determined with satisfaction. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Photophysical properties of rare earth complexes with 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline

Synthesis, IR spectra, UV-vis spectra and photophysical properties of Gd3+, Eu3+, Tb3+ complexes with 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline are reported. Intramolecular energy transfer process for these complexes is discussed in detail. It is found that the intramolecular energy transfer efficiency depends on the relative positions between the resonance energy levels of the central rare earth ions and the lowest triplet state energies of ligands.

Luminescent properties of divalent samarium-doped strontium hexaborate

The valence change of samarium from trivalent to divalent in strontium hexaborate (SrB6O10) prepared in air is observed. The temperature dependence of the luminescence and vibronic transitions of Sm2+ are studied. The Sm2+ ions occupy three crystallographic sites. With increasing temperature, the D-5(0)-->F-7(0) transition line exhibits red shifts, and the half-width increases. At room temperature, due to the thermal population through the 4f(5)5d channel, the D-5(1)-->F-7(J) transitions are observed even though the vibrational energy is very close to the energy gap between the D-5(1) and D-5(0) levels in the host. A coupled phonon energy of about 108 cm(-1) is determined from the vibronic transitions of Sm2+ in the host.

Study of photochemical fluorescence enhancement of the terbium-lomefloxacin complex

Lomefloxacin (LMFX) and terbium ion can form a complex and the sensitized fluorescence of the terbium ion can be observed. It was found that the sensitized fluorescence intensity can be notably enhanced when the terbium complex is exposed to 365 nm ultraviolet light. By the fluorescence spectra, phosphorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of the system, it was proved that irradiation of the complex made it undergo a photochemical reaction and a new terbium complex which is more favorable to intramolecular energy transfer was formed. This is why the sensitized fluorescence enhancement can be observed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

Studies on blends of LLDPE and polar polymers compatibilized by a random copolymer

Compatibilization of blends of Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and LLDPE-copolymer of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 4-vinylpyridine (poly(MMA-co-4VP) with poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) have been studied. Mechanical properties of the LLDPE-PMMA blends increase upon addition of EMAA. In order to further improve interfacial adhesion of LLDPE and PMMA, 4-vinyl pyridine units are introduced into PMMA chains, or poly(MMA-co-4VP) is used as the polar polymer. In LLDPE-poly(MMA-co-4VP)-EMAA blends, interaction of MAA in EMAA with 4VP of poly(MMA-co-4VP) causes a band shift in the infrared (IR) spectra. Chemical shifts of N-1s binding energy in X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy (XPS) experiments indicate a transfer of proton from MAA to 4VP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures show that the morphology of the blends were improved upon addition of EMAA. Nonradiative energy transfer (NRET) fluorescence results attest that there exists interdiffusion of chromophore-labeled LLDPE chains and chromophore-labeled poly(MMA-co-4VP) chains in the interface. Based on experimental results, the mechanism of compatibilization is studied in detail. Compatibilization is realized through the interaction between MAA in EMAA with 4VP in poly(MMA-co-4VP). (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Stability and luminescence properties of Tb (III) complexes with adrenaline

Stability and luminescence properties of Tb (III) complexes with adrenaline have been studied. The Tb (III) complexes with adrenaline are quite stable. The fluorescence spectra of the Tb (III) complexes with adrenaline show the characteristic fluorescence bands of Tb (III) ions which are attributed to energy transfer from ligands to Tb (III) ions.

The synthesis, characterization and photophysical properties of binary and ternary rare earth complexes with N-phenylanthranilic acid and l,l0-phenanthroline

Some novel binary and ternary complexes of rare earth(Gd, Eu,Tb) with N-Phenylanthranilic acid and 1,10-Phenanthroline were synthesized by homogenous precipitation and their compositions were characterized by,elemental analysis, IR spectra and UV-Vis spectra, The triplet state energies of N-Phenylanthranilic acid was determined to be 24 330 cm(-1) with the phosphorescence spectra of its gadolinium complexes and the energy match between the ligand and the central rare earth ions was studied. The photophysical properties such as luminescence properties and intramolecular energy transfer match between rare earth ions and ligands and between ligands were discussed. The result indicates that terbium complexes with N-Phenylanthranilic acid and 1,10-Phenanthroline have excellent luminescence properties.

Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of rare earth complexes of N-phenyl-2-aminobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline

Some novel binary and ternary complexes of rare earth ions (Gd, Eu, Tb) with N-phenyl-2-aminobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline were synthesized by homogenous precipitation and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, UV/Vis spectra, and thermal analysis. The phosphorescence spectra and lifetimes of gadolinium complexes were measured, and the triplet state energies of N-phenyl-2-aminobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline as well as the energy transfer efficiencies between N-phenyl-2-aminobenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline were determined. The photophysical properties such as luminescence and intramolecular energy transfer between the rare earth center ions and the ligands and between ligands are discussed.

Photophysical properties of some binary and ternary complexes of rare earth ions with aminobenzoic acids and 1,10-phenanthroline

Photophysical properties (e.g. luminescence and energy transfer) of binary and ternary complexes of Gd3+, Eu3+, and Tb3+ with aminobenzoic acids and 1,10-phenanthroline were studied in connection with their spectroscopic characterization. Intramolecular energy transfer between center ions and ligands as well as between ligands is discussed in detail.

Structure, luminescence and magnetic properties of AgLnW(2)O(8) (Ln = Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy) compounds

Four new compounds AgLnW(2)O(8) (Ln = Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy) are prepared by solid-state reactions. They crystallize with a scheelite-related monoclinic symmetry. Infrared (IR) spectra show complicated absorption transitions in the region of 1000-400 cm(-1) that are similar to those of AgLnMo(2)O(8). Broad excitation and emission bands of the tungstate group are observed in AgGdW2O8 and AgTbW2O8 with a large Stokes shift, 12 573 and 12 387 cm(-1), respectively. Excitation and emission spectra of AgLnW(2)O(8) (Ln = Eu, Gd and Tb) show that energy transfer from the tungstate to EU3+, Gd3+ and Tb3+ occurs and that Eu3+ ions occupy a single crystallographic site with the C-2 Site symmetry. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Structure and luminescence properties of some new AgLnW(2)O(8) compounds

Three new compounds, AgLnW(2)O(8) (Ln(3+)=Eu, Gd or Tb), have been prepared by a solid-state reaction and crystallize with a scheelite-related monoclinic symmetry. Their IR spectra show absorption transitions in the region 1000-400 cm(-1) similar to KLnW(2)O(8). Broad excitation and emission bands of the tungstate group with a large Stokes shift (12573 cm(-1)) are observed in AgGdW2O8. Excitation and emission spectra of AgLnW(2)O(8) (Ln=Eu or Tb) show that energy transfer from tungstate to Eu and Tb occurs and that Eu3+ ions occupy a unique crystallographic site with C-2 site symmetry.

Influence of crystal structure on the luminescence properties of bismuth(III), europium(III) and dysprosium(III) in Y2SiO5

The luminescence properties of Bi3+, EU(3+), Dy3+ and energy transfer from Bi3+ to Dy3+ and EU(3+) have been studied in two modifications of Y2SiO5 (low-temperature X(1) type and high-temperature X(2) type) and discussed in relation to their crystal structures. The Bi3+ ion luminesces in the blue region of the spectrum in X(1)-Y2SiO5 but in the UV region in X(2)-Y2SiO5. Two obviously different luminescent centres have been observed for Bi3+ and Eu3+ ill X(1)-Y2SiO5, but only one has been seen in X(2)-Y2SiO5. The Stokes shift (9200 cm(-1)) for Bi3+ in X(1)-Y2SiO5 is much larger than that (5000 cm(-1)) in X(2)-Y2SiO5. This suggests that the host lattice is more rigid in X(2)-Y2SiO5 than in X(1)-Y2SiO5. As a result, the Bi3+, EU(3+) and Dy3+ ions show higher emission intensity in the former than in the latter type. X(1)-Y2SiO5 is more suitable for Bi3+ --> EU(3+) energy transfer and X(2)-Y2SiO5 is more suitable for Bi3+ --> Dy3+ energy transfer.

Crystal structure dependence of the luminescence of rare earth ions (Ce3+, Tb3+, Sm3+) in Y2SiO5

The luminescence properties of Ce3+, Tb3+, Sm3+ and energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ were studied in two modifications of Y2SiO5 (low temperature X(1) type and high temperature X(2) type). The Ce3+ cation shows lower emission energy and larger Stokes shift in X(1)-Y2SiO5 than in X(2)-Y2SiO5, and the emission intensities of Ce3+, Tb3+, Sm3+ in the former are weaker than those in the latter. There exists an energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ in both types of Y2SiO5, and the transfer efficiency in X(2) type is higher than that in X(1) type. All of these results are discussed in relation to the crystal structure of Y2SiO5.

Sol-gel synthesis and luminescence of Y4Al2O9:RE3+(RE=Eu, Tb)

Y4Al2O9 (YAM) was prepared by a sol-gel process, using yttrium and aluminum citrate complexes as precursors. The sol-gel process produced single-phase YAM at 900 degrees C, as opposed to the conventional solid-state reaction, which led to the formation of other phases, even if at 1600 degrees C. The emission and excitation spectra of Eu3+ and Tb3+ in YAM showed the existence of two luminescence centers, agreeing with the crystal structure of YAM. The spectral properties of the samples are discussed.

SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ER3+-ACTIVATED AND CE3+-SENSITIZED YTTRIUM-ALUMINUM-GARNET LASER CRYSTALS

We report in this paper the spectral characteristics of Er3+ (2 at.%)-activated and Ce3+ (0.3 at.%)-sensitized yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG:Er,Ce) laser crystals grown by the Czochralski technique. The absorption and emission spectra were measured at room temperature. By using absorption spectra and Judd-Ofelt theory the experimental oscillator strengths of the Er3+ transitions in the YAG:Er,Ce crystals were calculated. The energy transfer between the Er3+ and Ce3+ ions is also discussed.