胶东北部碱性超基性脉岩地球化学特征及环境和成因探讨

胶东地区脉岩属碱性超基性岩系(Na2O+K2O=4．67％～5．43％；SiO2=36．70％-39．99％)，岩性为单一的橄榄辉石岩。从主量元素(包括CIPW标准矿物组成)和过渡元素组成来看，该岩系近似原始岩浆组成。电子探针结果显示：橄榄石为富镁质橄榄石(贵橄榄石)(Fo=71—90)，单斜辉石为透辉石(次透辉石为主)。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Sr、Th和Ba)，但不具有高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf)的亏损，表明岩石形成于大陆板内环境。为地幔橄榄岩低度部分熔融(3．4％)的产物。同时，它具有大陆边缘弧的特性。暗示其为一种滞后型弧岩浆作用的产物。稀土元素特征显示，岩石强烈富集LREE，而相对亏损HREE，暗示了源区的富集特性。Eu／Eu^+=0．89—1．00，总体不表现明显的负Eu异常，暗示斜长石不是主要的分馏矿物相。结合板内碱性岩石的矿物结晶顺序认为，本区岩浆分馏以较弱的橄榄石分馏为主。

川西北马脑壳金矿床流体包裹体Rb-Sr同位素组成：对矿床成因的制约

位于四川西北部的马脑壳金矿床为陕甘川金三角区内一重要矿床，许多学者对其进行过大量的研究，对其地质地球化学特征有了较为全面的认识，同时对矿床的成因也做了多方面的探讨。为了确定矿床的成矿时代，从层状矿体中采集了富含流体包裹体的石英矿物。通过测定包裹体的Rb-Sr同位素组成，应用ISOPLOT程序计算获得(210±35)Ma的成矿年龄，该年龄与容矿地层的形成时代相近。流体包裹体的锶同位素初始比值与三叠纪时期海水的锶同位素比值相一致。综合矿体产出特征、矿石组构及区域构造演化历史，认为作为矿床主体的层状矿体是同生沉积的产物，脉状网脉状矿体则是由后期造山运动体制下所产生的成矿热流体沿裂隙构造交代充填所形成。

云南白马寨镍矿区煌斑岩^40Ar-^39Ar定年和地球化学特征

云南白马寨镍矿区煌斑岩全部为云煌岩.两个样品的^40Ar/^39Ar定年结果分别为32.46±0.62Ma和32.01±0.60Ma,表明矿区煌斑岩为哀牢山断裂带新生代早期高钾岩浆活动的产物.在化学组成上,矿区煌斑岩具有高M值[100×Mg/（Mg＋Fe^2＋）]（67.42～86.35）、高ALK（K2O＋Na2O为7.01%～9.81%）、富钾（K2O/Na2O为1.66～2.64）、富大离子亲石元素（如Sr、Rb、Ba等）和LREE、明显的Ta、Nb、Ti负异常的特征.Sr-Nd同位素具有高（^87Sr/^86Sr）0比值（0.70625～0.70912）和低εNd（-5.22～-3.68）的特征,位于EM1和EM2地幔端元之间,有更靠近EM2的趋势.元素和同位素地球化学特征表明矿区煌斑岩的源区为交代富集地幔,进一步判别表明源岩处于尖晶石相方辉橄榄岩和石榴石相二辉橄榄岩的混合线上,以尖晶石相方辉橄榄岩为主.源区交代富集的矿物既有金云母,也有角闪石.岩浆演化过程中经历了橄榄石＋斜长石±磷灰石±铁钛氧化物的结晶分异.岩浆形成于大陆弧的构造背景,俯冲的陆壳和古特提斯洋壳对富集的源区均有贡献.白马寨镍矿区煌斑岩和哀牢山断裂带新生代早期其它高钾岩浆岩具有相近的年代、一致的地球化学特征,表明它们具有相似的源区,受控于相同的构造背景.

Partial oxidation of ethane to syngas in an oxygen-permeable membrane reactor

A perovskite-type oxide of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-delta (BSCFO) with mixed electronic and oxygen ionic conductivity at high temperatures was used as an oxygen-permeable membrane. A tubular membrane of BSCFO made by extrusion method has been used in the membrane reactor to exclusively transport oxygen for the partial oxidation of ethane (POE) to syngas with catalyst of LiLaNiO/gamma-Al2O3 at temperatures of 800-900 degreesC. After only 30 min POE reaction in the membrane reactor, the oxygen permeation flux reached at 8.2 ml cm(-2) min(-1). After that, the oxygen permeation flux increased slowly and it took 12 h to reach at 11.0 ml cm(-2) min(-1). SEM and EDS analysis showed that Sr and Ba segregations occurred on the used membrane surface exposed to air while Co slightly enriched on the membrane surface exposed to ethane. The oxygen permeation flux increased with increasing of concentration of C2H6, which was attributed to increasing of the driving force resulting from the more reducing conditions produced with an increase of concentration of C2H6 in the feed gas. The tubular membrane reactor was successfully operated for POE reaction at 875 degreesC for more than 100 h without failure, with ethane conversion of similar to 100%, CO selectivity of >91% and oxygen permeation fluxes of 10-11 ml cm(-2) min(-1). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

白杄体细胞胚胎发生及其植株再生的研究

本文以白杄的合子胚为材料，建立了体细胞胚胎发生及其植株再生系统．通过对影响体细胞胚胎发生的主要因素的系统研究，实现了体细胞胚的高频率发生。运用扫描电镜、整体染色封片及石蜡切片等方法全面观察了体细胞胚胎发生过程中的形态学、细胞学及组织化学变化。建立了胚性细胞悬浮系，测定了几个重要生长参数的变化动态，优化了体细胞胚的液体培养条件。采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺电泳方法分析了体细胞胚胎发生过程中三种同工酶的变化。通过压片法观察了长期继代过程中胚性愈伤组织细胞及其再生植株根尖细胞染色体数目的变化。具体结果如下： 合子胚在4-6 ℃低温条件下保存1~3个月后，接种于LP+2mg/L2.4-D+lmg/L 6-BA的培养基上，黑暗条件下培养1个月后，产生浅黄色、褐色和白色半透明三种愈伤组织，其中白色半透明愈伤组织是胚性愈伤组织。黑暗中胚性愈伤组织在MS+lmg/L 2，4-D+lmg/L KT的继代培养基上可保持旺盛的增殖能力和分化潜力。当胚性愈伤组织转到MS+5mg/L ABA+50g/L PEG+5mg/L AgN03的分化培养基上，1个月后可产生大量正常的子叶期成熟体细胞胚。成熟体细胞胚在相对湿度为75%的条件下干化20天后，转到含0.5%活性炭的无激素1/2MS基本培养基上，约40天后长出1.5—2.5cm的根，约60天后长出真叶。光，ABA、蔗糖、AgN03 PEG浓度是影响体细胞胚胎发生的主要因素。 在相同的培养条件下，以新产生的子叶期体细胞胚为外植体，也可诱导体细胞胚胎发生。 胚性愈伤组织起源于合子胚子叶和下胚轴的表皮及表皮下的一些细胞。胚性愈伤组织中的一些单个胚性细胞经过第一次分裂产生两个细胞，即胚细胞和胚柄细胞，它们继续进行分裂几次以后形成胚性胚柄团结构。胚性胚柄团在分化培养基上可发育为成熟的子叶期胚。体细胞胚的成熟过程大致可分四个时期：胚性胚柄团、球形胚至鱼雷形胚、子叶前期胚和子叶期成熟胚。通过PAS反应研究后发现，在体细胞胚发育过程中，淀粉粒在胚性胚柄团时期开始积累，至心形胚时期达到积累高峰，子叶胚时期仅在器官原基及其附近细胞肉有淀粉粒分布。结果表明，淀粉是体细胞胚胎发生的一种重要能量来源。 在初始细胞密度为3.O%（鲜重）、摇床转速为150r/min的条件下，用与固体培养基成分相似的液体培养基对胚性愈伤组织进行悬浮培养，胚性愈伤组织的生长率大大提高。在悬浮培养过程中，培养物的鲜重、干重、紧实细胞体积及胚性胚柄团数目依次在6～10天内达到高峰。培养液的pH值和电导率分别在6—8天达到最低点。 胚性和非胚性愈伤组织的三种同工酶酶谱都明显不同;胚性愈伤组织的过氧化物酶和酸性磷酸酯酶活性较高，而非胚性愈伤组织的酯酶活性较高。体细胞胚发育过程中，三种同工酶酶谱都呈规律性变化;j活性都有逐渐增强的趋势，但酸性磷酸酯酶活性到了最后时期又突然下降。 胚性愈伤组织经过长期继代后，生长率和分化能力没有明显变化，但有些细胞内染色体数目发生了无规律的变化( 2n=7—24，2n>28)，而再生植株根尖细胞染色体数目比较稳定( 2n=28).

PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A KINASE SPECIFIC FOR THE SERINE-RICH AND ARGININE-RICH PRE-MESSENGER-RNA SPLICING FACTORS

Members of the SR family of pre-mRNA splicing factors are phosphoproteins that share a phosphoepitope specifically recognized by monoclonal antibody (mAb) 104. Recent studies have indicated that phosphorylation may regulate the activity and the intracellular localization of these splicing factors. Here, we report the purification and kinetic properties of SR protein kinase 1 (SRPK1), a kinase specific for SR family members. We demonstrate that the kinase specifically recognizes the SR domain, which contains serine/arginine repeats. Previous studies have shown that dephosphorylated SR proteins did not react with mAb 104 and migrated faster in SDS gels than SR proteins from mammalian cells. We show that SRPK1 restores both mobility and mAB 104 reactivity to a SR protein SF2/ASF (splicing factor 2/alternative splicing factor) produced in bacteria, suggesting that SRPK1 is responsible for the generation of the mAb 104-specific phosphoepitope in vivo. Finally, we have correlated the effects of mutagenesis in the SR domain of SF2/ASF on splicing with those on phosphorylation of the protein by SRPK1, suggesting that phosphorylation of SR proteins is required for splicing.

鞑靼荞麦（Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.）离体再生与遗传转化研究

鞑靼荞麦是我国特有的农业产品，具有抗寒耐旱特性和较高的营养保健功能。荞麦的开花习性及遗传特点导致其人工杂交授粉难以成功，这成为荞麦杂交育种难以获得突破的重要原因。因此利用转基因技术导入有益基因有可能成为荞麦遗传改良的新途径，而再生及转化体系的建立是开展转基因研究的基础。 本文研究了苗龄、外植体、几种激素配比对鞑靼荞麦（Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.）离体培养的影响，初步建立了鞑靼荞麦离体再生体系。结果表明，鞑靼荞麦离体再生的最佳取材时间为苗龄6-8d；诱导愈伤组织的最适培养基为MS＋2.0 mg/L 2,4-D＋1.5 mg/L 6-BA，子叶诱愈率达75％左右，下胚轴的可高达86.62％；愈伤组织分化的最适培养基为MS 0.1mg/L IAA＋2.0mg/L 6-BA＋1.0 mg/L KT＋0.5mg/L TDZ，下胚轴的分化率可达9.52%。下胚轴的诱愈率与分化率均高于子叶，更适于离体再生培养。培养基中加入AgNO3后，能有效降低褐化率。生根最适培养基为含有0.5mg/L NAA的1/2MS培养基，生根率在50％左右。TDZ在诱导鞑靼荞麦的愈伤组织分化出芽的过程中起到明显的促进作用，可提高分化率约20%。 在上述研究基础上，本文还对鞑靼荞麦的遗传转化体系进行了探索性研究。分别利用根癌农杆菌（Agrobacterium tumefaciens）介导法和微粒轰击法（基因枪法）对黑水苦荞下胚轴进行遗传转化。 在农杆菌介导的方法中，携带有质粒pCAMBIA2301的农杆菌菌株EHA105用于转化。载体质粒pCAMBIA2301包含有gus和npt-II 基因, 并受35s启动子驱动。研究结果表明，在侵染方式选择上，浸泡方式比吸打方式更有效，根癌农杆菌侵染的较适浓度为OD600＝0.5，共培养3天，恢复培养7天，能检测到gus基因的表达。 基因枪法使用质粒pBI121，同样包含有gus和npt-II基因, 并受CaMV35s 启动子驱动。轰击距离为9cm较合适，甘露醇前处理在本研究中未表现出明显优势。 两种转化方法比较，基因枪法比农杆菌介导法更快速有效。 本研究为进一步的遗传操作研究打下基础。 Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.), the traditional and unique agricultural product of China, is a kind of crop with strong drought and cold tolerance, abundant nutrition and high medical value. Artificial hybridization is hard in buckwheat because of its flowering habits and genetic characteristics, which leads to no breakthrough in tartary buckwheat breeding. However, biotechnological approaches, especially genetic transformation for the direct introduction of good genes into tartary buckwheat for quality improvement, hold great promise. In this study, we established tartary buckwheat regeneration system in vitro. It is the foundation for genetic manipulation of this crop. The effects of seedling age, hypocotyl and cotyledon as explants, and proportions of several growth regulators were tested in tissue culture of tartary buckwheat for establishing its in vitro regeneration system. The results showed that the best seedling age for callus induction was 6 to 8 days. On the MS medium containing 2.0mg/L 2, 4-D and 1.5mg/L 6-BA, the induction rate of callus from hypocotyls was up to 86.62%, while from cotyledons was about 75％. The suitable shooting medium was the MS medium+0.1mg/L IAA+2.0mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L KT+0.5mg/L TDZ, and the shooting rate from hypocotyls was 9.52%. The callus induction and shooting rates were higher from hypocotyls than from cotyledons. Browning reduced when the medium mixed with AgNO3. Half strength MS supplemented with 0.5mg/L NAA was the best for rooting, the rate was around 50% after 30 days culture. TDZ can accelerate the shoot differentiation distinctively, and it could improve the shooting rate nearly 20%. On the base of above, the explorative research of the genetic transformation in tartary buckwheat was done. In the study, hypocotyls from Heishui tartary buckwheat were transformed by Agrobacterium-mediated method and microprojectile bombardment method (gene-gun), comparatively. In Agrobacterium-mediated method, a disarmed Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring plasmid pCAMBIA2301 was used. The vector pCAMBIA2301 contains gus and npt-II genes, driven by CaMV35s promoter. The results showed that the appropriate concentration of Agrobacterium tumefaciens for infecting was OD600＝0.5, and co-culture time was 3d. Seven days later after coculture, GUS expression could be tested. In particle bombardment transformation, plasmid pBI121 was used. pBI121 also contains gus and npt-II genes, driven by 35s promoter. Hypocotyls pretreated with mannitol, no effect was observed, and the suitable distance of bombardment is 9cm. Comparing with Agrobacterium-mediated method, gene-gun method is more convenient and effective. All above results could be a basic work for further study in tartary buckwheat transformation.

沙生濒危物种霸王的高频植株再生研究

实验选用霸王无菌苗的茎尖、子叶、下胚轴和胚根作为材料,研究霸王不同外植体的离体培养技术。结果表明,霸王茎尖是诱导丛生芽的良好外植体,而子叶、下胚轴和胚根是诱导愈伤组织的良好外植体;霸王茎尖的最适增殖培养基是:MS+6-BA 5.0 mg.L-1+NAA 1.0 mg.L-1;最适生根培养基是:MS+IAA 1.5 mg.L-1;最适愈伤组织诱导培养基是:MS+6-BA 1.0 mg.L-1或MS+6-BA 1.0 mg.L-1+NAA 0.5 mg.L-1。沙质基质为霸王组培苗过渡的最佳基质。

几种植物生长调节物质对大花蕙兰组培原球茎增殖的影响

采用KC培养基 ,分别添加不同浓度的BA、KT、NAA及KT +NAA组合 ,对大花蕙兰初代培养已分化出的原球茎进行了继代培养。结果发现 :①BA可加快原球茎的增殖速度 ,但浓度超过0 .5mg/L后增殖速度有所下降 ,且原球茎变小呈暗绿色。②KT的促进增殖效果好于BA ,但浓度超过 1 .0mg/L时 ,增殖速度也有所下降 ,原球茎变小。③NAA促进原球茎增殖的效果明显好于BA、和KT ,但浓度大于 1 .0mg/L后增殖不再加快 ,而且部分原球茎有变褐现象。④在KT 0 .5～ 0 .7mg+NAA 0 .7～ 1 .0mg/L范围组合的KC培养基上 ,大花蕙兰原球茎增殖的速度和质量是比较理想的。考虑到较低的细胞分裂素和植物生长素有利于植物增殖过程中遗传性的稳定 ,选择KT0 .5mg+NAA 0 .7mg/L的KC培养基作为大花蕙兰原球茎增殖培养基

The reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ in BaMgSiO4 : Eu prepared in air and the luminescence of BaMgSiO4 : Eu2+ phosphor

The reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ in air has been observed in a silicate matrix for the first time in BaMgSiO4:Eu prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction. Emission and excitation spectra were employed to detect the presence of Eu2+ ions in the compound and this reduction was explained by a charge compensation model proposed previously. In BaMgSiO4 : Eu2+, Eu2+ ions occupy three different lattice sites by substitution for Ba2+ ions. Eu2+ ions on Ba(1) and Ba(2) sites gave emissions at about 500 nm while that on Ba(3) site showed an emission band at 398 nm. All the emissions of Eu2+ ions in BaMgSiO4 : Eu2+ were not quenched at room temperature.

混合导电型陶瓷透氧膜材料的化学稳定性

考察了Sr-Co -Fe -O系列和Bi-Sr-Fe -O系列混合导电型无机透氧膜材料在氧分压小于 1.0 13Pa的气氛中 ,在 850℃和 950℃高温下加热 2 4～ 10 0h前后结构的变化。发现Bi -Sr -Fe-O系列透氧膜材料具有良好的化学稳定型 ,可以用于还原气氛下的催化反应。

铋系超导体组成分析

本文首次提出了一种离子交换柱分离——滴定法测定Bi系超导体中Bi、Pb、Cu、Ca和Sr含量的方法。研究了进样条件和淋洗方法,特别是Bi~(3+)在微酸性溶液中的亚稳态进样。测定合成样品时,Bi、Pb、Cu、Ca和Sr的相对标准偏差分别为0.7％、1.6％、0.5％、0.4％和0.2％。分析了超导体样品,并测定了其中Cu~(3+)。

青藏苔草的组织培养和快速繁殖

1植物名称青藏苔草(Carex moorcroftii Falc ex Boott)。2材料类别种子。3培养条件(1)诱导培养基:MS+NAA 0.5 mg•L~(-1) (单位下同)+6-BA 1+2,4-D 0.5;(2)继代培养基:MS+NAA 0.5+6-BA 0.5+2,4-D 2;(3)芽分化培养基:MS+6-BA 1+NAA 1;(4)生根培养基:1/2MS+ IAA 3。以上培养基中均附加3%蔗糖和0.7%琼脂,pH5.8。

唐古特大黄休眠芽诱导植株再生

1植物名称唐古特大黄(Rheum tanguticum),又名鸡爪大黄.2材料类别休眠芽.3培养条件分化培养基:以white、B5和190-2为基本培养基,附加6-BA 1.0～3.0 mg.L-1(单位下同)+NAA 0～0.2+肌醇200+CH 300.增殖培养基:MS+6-BA 3.0+NAA 0.1+肌醇200+CH 300.诱根培养基:MS+NAA 0.5+肌醇200+CH 300.上述培养基均附加3%蔗糖、0.5%琼脂,pH 5.8.培养温度为(20±1)℃,光源为日光灯,光照度为2 000 lx,光照时间18 h?d-1.

唐古特大黄的离体快速繁殖

1植物名称唐古特大黄(Rheum tanguticum),又名鸡爪大黄.2材料类别无菌种子苗.3培养条件种子萌发培养基:(1)MS无激素培养基.前期分化培养基:(2)MS+2,4-D 1 mg?L-1(单位下同)+KT 1+ZT 0.5+6-BA 0.5.后期分化培养基:(3)MS+2,4-D 1+KT 2+ZT 0.5+6-BA 1.以上3种培养基均附加CH 300、肌醇200、3%蔗糖、5 g?L-1琼脂粉.生根培养基:(4)MS+NAA 1+3%蔗糖;(5)1/2MS+NAA 1+3%蔗糖;(6)1/2MS+NAA0.5+1.5%蔗糖;(7)1/2MS+NAA 0.5+3%蔗糖;(8)1/2MS+NAA 1+1.5%蔗糖.pH 5.8.培养温度为(25±1)℃,光源为日光灯,光照度为2 000～3 000 lx,光照时间12 h?-1