水蚀风蚀交错带小流域生态环境综合治理模式研究

:水蚀风蚀交错带是黄土高原侵蚀最严重的地区和黄河下游河床粗泥沙的主要来源区 ,其生态环境脆弱、治理难度大 ,加之晋陕蒙能源基地的大规模开发 ,也带来了新的环境问题。鉴于治黄和煤田开发及生态环境整治的紧迫需要 ,以水蚀风蚀交错带六道沟小流域为试区 ,分析研究了该区水蚀风蚀时空分布规律及脆弱生态环境特征 ,提出以防治水蚀和风蚀为中心 ,以提高生态经济效益和持续发展为目标 ,以基本农田优化结构和高效利用及植被建设为重点 ,建立具有防蚀固沙兼高效生态经济功能的大农业复合生态系统综合治理模式 ,取得了良好的社会与经济效益

现阶段陕北农业发展的制约因子分析

陕北农业经过几十年的发展,基本上满足了当地人民的需要,但由于多种因素的影响,使其存在着许多问题,这些问题不仅关系到农民、农村、农业的健康发展,而且影响社会主义新农村建设。本文针对陕北荒漠化地区生态环境脆弱、经济基础薄弱、农业生产科技含量较低、农业可持续发展面临严峻挑战的现实,通过分析陕北农业发展现状及限制因子,并根据制订的"十一五"规划和远景目标,分析了陕北农业发展中存在的非持续性因素和农业技术实施过程中遇到的难题和面临的挑战,提出了陕北农业的发展思路对策,为决策部门制定计划提供可靠的科学依据。

Application of rough set-based analysis to extract spatial relationship indicator rules: An example of land use in Pearl River Delta

Spatial relations, reflecting the complex association between geographical phenomena and environments, are very important in the solution of geographical issues. Different spatial relations can be expressed by indicators which are useful for the analysis of geographical issues. Urbanization, an important geographical issue, is considered in this paper. The spatial relationship indicators concerning urbanization are expressed with a decision table. Thereafter, the spatial relationship indicator rules are extracted based on the application of rough set theory. The extraction process of spatial relationship indicator rules is illustrated with data from the urban and rural areas of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, located in the Pearl River Delta. Land use vector data of 1995 and 2000 are used. The extracted spatial relationship indicator rules of 1995 are used to identify the urban and rural areas in Zhongshan, Zhuhai and Macao. The identification accuracy is approximately 96.3%. Similar procedures are used to extract the spatial relationship indicator rules of 2000 for the urban and rural areas in Zhongshan, Zhuhai and Macao. An identification accuracy of about 83.6% is obtained.