新型绿色荧光体ABLa(PO_4)_2:Ce, Tb研究(A = K, Na; B = Mg, Zn)

本工作完成了磷酸盐化合物ABLa(PO_4)_2的合成，这些磷盐均可在900 ℃左右合成；对其进行了结构测试与表征，发现这些磷酸盐属于单斜晶系独居石结构，与LaPO_4同构，具有很相近的晶胞参数；系统地研究了RE~(3+)离子(RE = Ce,Tb,Dy)在ABLa(PO_4)_2基质中的发光与能量传递规律，研究了Ce~(3+)、Tb~(3+)离子发光中心与基质晶格之间的相互作用，计算了这些稀土离子之间能量传递的临界距离Rc(dd)，结果表明ABLa(PO_4)_2基质中Ce~(3+)离子与基质晶格之间的相互作用属于中等程度耦合，Tb~(3+)离子与基质晶格之间的相互作用属于无辐射多声子过程，Ce~(3+)→Ce~(3+)、Ce~(3+)→Tb~(3+)能量迁移临界距离均与LaPO_4中相近，Ce~(3+) → Ce~(3+)相对于Ce~(3+) → Tb~(3+)属于快过程，Ce~(3+) → Ce~(3+)能量传递对ABLa(PO_4)_2:Ce,Tb荧光体的Tb~(3+)绿色发光起了重要的作用，ABLa(PO_4)_2基质是Ce~(3+)，Ce~(3+)-Tb~(3+)，Ce~(3+)-Dy~(3+)的优良发光基质；最后探讨了绿色荧光体ABLa(PO_4)_2:Ce，Tb的调制途径，主要研究了Ce~(3+)、Tb~(3+)离子的浓度效应，掺杂B_2O_3、Dy~(3+)、SiO_2对荧光体发光的影响及NH_4Cl的作用，结果表明Ce~(3+)、Tb~(3+)离子的适宜浓度分别为0.2～0.5和0.08～0.2，掺杂适量的B_2O_3、Dy~(3+)能很好地提高荧光体的发光，掺杂SiO_2、NH_4Cl不利荧光体发光。

EMPIRICAL PSEUDOPOTENTIAL BAND-STRUCTURE CALCULATION FOR ZN1-XCDXSYSE1-Y QUATERNARY ALLOY

The band structure of the Zn1-xCdxSySe1-y quaternary alloy is calculated using the empirical pseudopotential method and the virtual crystal approximation. The alloy is found to be a direct-gap semiconductor for all x and y composition. Polynomial approximation is obtained for the energy gap as a function of the composition x and y. Electron and hole effective masses are also calculated along various symmetry axes for different compositions and the results agree fairly well with available experimental values.

基于激光诱导击穿光谱技术的铝合金成分定量分析；Quantitative analysis of element concentration in Al alloy by using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

利用Nd:YAG激光器输出的532nm激光束对位于空气中的标准变形铝合金样品进行烧蚀产生了激光诱导等离子体.对测量的230—440nm波长范围的光谱进行了谱线标定,同时基于自由定标方法对样品成分进行了定量分析,确定了样品中的元素含量.分析结果与标准值具有较好的一致性.

10种外眼病泪液中Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe元素测定

检测10种外眼病141例、178眼泪液中的Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe含量。结果显示,翼状胬肉和泡性角结膜炎泪液中的Ca,复发单疱病毒性角膜炎(HSK)泪液中的Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe,慢性结膜炎泪液中的Ca、Fe含量均明显低于对照组(P<0.001～0.05)。提示这4种外眼病的病因可能与泪液Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe含量不足有关。

Y-Al双金属稀土配合物的合成和晶体结构

稀土化合物和烷基铝反应的研究,不仅对揭示f轨道的本质且对阐明稀土配位催化聚合烯烃的催化剂结构都有重要意义。Grcco等曾报道C_8H_8Ce(μ-O-i-C_3H_7)_2Al(C_2H_5)_2配合物,但尚未见晶体结构数据。 本文介绍了一种新的Y-Al双金属配合物的合成和培养晶体的方法。用四圆衍射仪确定了它的晶体结构,并用~1H NMR、ESCA等方法研究了配合物中钇的价态。

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-12.3Zn-5.8Y-1.4Al alloy

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and heat-treated Mg-12.3Zn-5.8Y-1.4Al (ZYA1261) alloy were investigated. The phase compositions of the as-cast alloy are alpha-Mg, Mg3YZn6 (I-phase), Mg(3)y(2)Zn(3) (W-phase), Mg12YZn (Z-phase), Mg24Y5, MgZn and a small quantity of Al-containing phase.

Study on growth factors of intermetallic layer within hot-dipped 25% Al-Zn alloy coating on steel

25%Al-Zn alloy coating performs better than hot dip galvanized coating and 55%Al-Zn-Si coating with regard to general seawater corrosion protection. This study deals with the interfacial intermetallic layer's growth, which affects considerably the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of 25%Al-Zn alloy coatings, by means of three-factor quadratic regressive orthogonal experiments, The regression equation shows that the intermetallic layer thickness decreases rapidly with increasing content of Si added to the Zn-Al alloy bath, increases with rise in bath temperature and prolonging dip time. The most effective factor that determined the thickness of intermetallic layer was the amount of Si added to Zn-Al alloy bath, while the effect of bath temperature and dip time on the thickness of intermetallic layer were not very obvious.

Influences of Gd on the microstructure and strength of Mg-4.5Zn alloy

Microstructure and mechanical properties of peak-aged Mg-4.5Zn-xGd (x=0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt.%) alloys have been investigated. The results showed that the grain size of the alloys was refined gradually with increasing Gd. Mg5Gd and Mg3Gd2Zn3 phases were found in the Gd-containing alloys. The strengths were greatly improved with Gd additions, and the highest strength level was obtained in the Mg-4.5Zn-1.5Gd alloy, in which the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength were 231 MPa and 113 MPa, respectively.

Refinement of edge-to-edge matching model and its application in the Mg17Al12/alpha-Mg and alpha-Y/alpha-Mg systems

A refined version of the edge-to-edge matching model is described here. In the original model, the matching directions were obtained from the planes with all the atomic centers that were exactly in the plane, or the distance from the atomic center to the plane which was less than the atomic radius. The direction-matching pairs were the match of straight rows-straight rows and zigzag rows-zigzag rows. In the refined model, the matching directions were obtained from the planes with all the atomic centers that were exactly in the plane.

Aging behavior and mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Ho alloys

The Mg-8Gd-0.6Zr-xHo (x = 1, 3 and 5, mass%) alloys were prepared by casting technology, and structures, aging strengthening mechanism and mechanical properties of the alloys were investigated. The age behaviors and the mechanical properties are improved by adding Ho addition. The structures of the alloys are characterized by the present of rosette-shaped equiaxed grains. The peak hardness value of the Mg-8Gd-0.6Zr-3Ho alloy is 100 Hv, which is about 30% higher than that of Mg-8Gd-0.6Zr alloy.

Effect of Nd on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of die-cast Mg-4Al-based alloy

Die-cast Mg-4Al-0.4Mn-xNd(x = 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 wt.%) magnesium alloys were prepared successfully and influences of Nd on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the Mg-4Al-0.4Mn alloy have been investigated. The results showed that with the addition of Nd binary Al2Nd phase and Al11Nd3 phase. which mainly aggregated along the grain boundaries, were formed, and the relative ratio of above two phases was in correlation with the Nd content in the alloy. Meanwhile, the grain sizes were greatly reduced with the increasing Nd content. It was found that due to the addition of Nd both the tensile properties and corrosion resistance were improved substantially.

Microstructures and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-8Gd-0.4Zr alloys containing Zn

Microstructures and mechanical properties of the Mg-8Gd-xZn-0.4Zr (x = 0, 1 and 3 wt.%) alloys in the as-cast, as-extruded and extruded-T5 conditions, have been investigated. The peak-aged Mg-8Gd-1Zn-0.4Zr alloy during isothermal ageing at 423 K acquires highest mechanical properties, with the highest ultimate tensile strength and yield tensile strength of 314 and 217 MPa, respectively. Addition of Zn has obvious effect on age hardening responses, especially for 1 wt.% Zn addition. It is due to a uniform distribution of beta' phase which can impede the movement of dislocations. However, addition of 3 wt.% Zn to the Mg-8Gd-0.4Zr alloy leads to a precipitation of Mg3Zn3Gd2 phase (W-phase). This phase is incoherent with interface of the matrix and becomes cores of the fracture in tensile test at room or elevated temperature.

SiC颗粒对Al-Zn合金激光快凝晶粒组织的影响

Al-Zn合金和SiCp/Al-Zn复合材料的激光重熔晶粒组织的对比研究表明 ,SiC颗粒对凝固初生相的生长具有阻碍作用。在颗粒尺寸较大和颗粒含量较高的条件下 ,激光熔池中会形成非外延生长的晶粒

镁-锌-稀土系合金的组织和性能研究

　　制备了Mg-4.5wt%Zn-1～5wt%RE系合金（RE元素包括轻稀土：La、Ce、Nd、Sm；重稀土：Gd和Y），研究了铸态和热处理态合金的组织和性能。（1）适量的稀土元素均可细化合金晶粒，其中轻稀土元素的细化效果好于重稀土元素；（2）含轻稀土元素合金中的析出相主要为(Mg,Zn)17RE2和Mg4Zn7，而含重稀土元素的合金中的析出相主要为MgZnxREy(Mg3Zn6RE, Mg3RE2Zn3)和Mg4Zn7；（3）加入稀土元素后，合金的强度提高；稀土含量相同时，含轻稀土元素的强化效果较好。Mg-4.5Zn-1Ce合金具有最高的强度。T5处理态合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为236 MPa、111 MPa和15.8%，T6处理态合金分别为233 MPa、131 MPa和8.9%。强度提高的主要原因是合金中生成了大量的纳米级Mg4Zn7强化相，以及晶界沉淀相的连续性降低；（4）含重稀土元素合金的时效硬化效果高于含轻稀土元素的合金，经T6处理后，含重稀土元素合金的断裂强度和屈服强度均提高，而含轻稀土元素合金只有屈服强度提高。 　　研究了挤压变形Mg-4.5Zn-1Ce合金的组织和性能。473 K时效后峰值态合金具有较高抗拉强度和屈服强度，其值分别为291 MPa和239 MPa，比铸态分别提提高了55 MPa和128 MPa。高强度产生的原因是合金中生成了大量棒状和点状混合结构的纳米级Mg4Zn7强化相和晶粒的细化。 　　应用Edge-to-edge匹配模型成功预测了MgZn2/α-Mg体系中的位相关系，扩大了该模型的应用范围。并对模型进行了改进，主要体现在：1)确定匹配方向的平面上所有原子的中心位置需在平面上；2）匹配方向之间可任意配对。应用优化后的模型预测了Mg17Al12/α-Mg体系中的位相关系，预测结果与实验结果的吻合率为4/6，好于原模型预测的吻合率4/8。另外，使用优化后的模型，成功的预测出了理想的Burgers位相关系，从而证实了该位相关系是确实存在的，而不是near Burgers位相关系测定的误差。使用优化后的模型还成功的解释了该合金体系中稀土元素的晶粒细化机制和沉淀强化机制。

钠原子激光增强电离光谱研究—以石墨杯为原子化器 原子吸收光谱法对发样中Zn、Cu、Mn、Ap的测定

、I钠原子激光增强电离光谱(LEIS)方法的研究-以石墨杯为原子化器在LEIS方法中，最常见的原子化器是火焰。但由于火焰背景噪声严重且难以克服，在火焰原子化过程中，雾化和热离解不充分，仅有10~(-2)%的分析溶液参与吸收以及火焰气体使测定元素受到高度稀释等不利因素的影响，火焰原子化限制了LEIS方法灵敏度的进一步提高。考虑到石墨炉原子化器较火焰具有取样量少，绝对灵敏度高；样品（包括固态、液态）可直接引入石墨炉内；不会发生如同火焰中所存在的干扰效应；蒸发效率和原子化效率较高，几乎全部样品都能参与吸收等优点，本工作在已建立火焰LEIS方法的实验基础上，将原子化器改换为石墨杯进行了钠原子LEIS方法的研究。到目前为止，国内外仅有的几篇有关石黑炉LEIS的研究报告中，都报导了该方法对钠原子的检出限估计可达到10~(-14)-10~(-15)克，由于此项研究尚处于探索性研究阶段，故有关方法性的系统研究几乎还未见报导。本工作在未使用任何放大器的情况下（实验条件限制）对影响钠原子LEIS信号强度的诸因互进行了实验观察。主要包括：钠原子化条件；激光束位置、阳极电压、激光输出能量、电极位置以及激光脉冲重复率对LEIS信号强度的影响等。并绘制了校准曲线，统计方法的相对标准偏差分别为11%（高浓度）18.2%（低浓度），在现有仪器条件下，还不能测出检出限，测定下限为3*10~(-9)克。对固体粉末直接进行了尝试，检测下限为5*10~(-8)克，进样是为5毫克。在进一步的研究工作中，如有条件使用低噪声的放大器及Bxear积分器，选择门检时间窗，或采用分步激发等手段，估计本方法定会达到预想的高灵敏度，检敏度至少提高了个数量级。对石墨炉原子化LEIS法来说，似比较详细的研究报告，截至实验停止时还未见报导。II原子吸收光谱法对发样中Zn、Cu、Mn、Al的测定发中微量元素ZN、Cu、Mn均属人体必需元素，与人体的生长发育和多种生理功能，临床医学等方面有着极为密切的关系，而Al则被认为是异致某种疾病的元素之一。本工作报告了用火焰法测定Zn、Cu；石墨炉法测定Al、Mn的结果，其中，对Al的测定，为摆脱基体干扰，加入改进剂Mg(NO_3)_2，并采用平台石墨炉进行试验，得到了线性较好的工作曲线，但在实际测定时，由于实验条件的限制，只能采用一般石墨管加基体改进剂对少娄样品中Al含量进行测定。Zn、Cu、Al三种元素由标准曲线法测定；而Mn由于Fe的干扰无法消除而采用标准加入法测定，并因此限制了测定样品数。Cu、ZN、Mn三种元素的回收率分别为102.8%, 99.7%, 102.5%，变异系数为9.6%, 11.3%, 9.7%，对本地居民发中（30个发样）Zn、Cu含量进行测定，Zn、Cu的含量范围为148-318ppm，7.2-15ppm，并计算了Zn/Cu比。本方法对发样中四种元素的测定结果与ICP法进行对照。两种方法测定结果吻合得较好。