24 resultados para LADRÓN DE GUEVARA, MATILDE, 1910-2009


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<正>2010年1月9~10日,近空间飞行器的关键基础科学问题重大研究计划2009年度学术交流会在北京市昌平区召开.参加会议的有该重大研究计划学术指导专家组、秘书组和管理工作组的成员,项目负责人和部分项目组成员,共计150余人.

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This article documents the addition of 512 microsatellite marker loci and nine pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alcippe morrisonia morrisonia, Bashania fangiana, Bashania fargesii, Chaetodon vagabundus, Colletes floralis, Coluber constrictor flaviventris, Coptotermes gestroi, Crotophaga major, Cyprinella lutrensis, Danaus plexippus, Fagus grandifolia, Falco tinnunculus, Fletcherimyia fletcheri, Hydrilla verticillata, Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus, Leavenworthia alabamica, Marmosops incanus, Miichthys miiuy, Nasua nasua, Noturus exilis, Odontesthes bonariensis, Quadrula fragosa, Pinctada maxima, Pseudaletia separata, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Podocarpus elatus, Portunus trituberculatus, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhinella schneideri, Sarracenia alata, Skeletonema marinoi, Sminthurus viridis, Syngnathus abaster, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis, Verticillium dahliae, Wasmannia auropunctata, and Zygochlamys patagonica. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Chaetodon baronessa, Falco columbarius, Falco eleonorae, Falco naumanni, Falco peregrinus, Falco subbuteo, Didelphis aurita, Gracilinanus microtarsus, Marmosops paulensis, Monodelphis Americana, Odontesthes hatcheri, Podocarpus grayi, Podocarpus lawrencei, Podocarpus smithii, Portunus pelagicus, Syngnathus acus, Syngnathus typhle,Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvauceli and Verticillium albo-atrum. This article also documents the addition of nine sequencing primer pairs and sixteen allele specific primers or probes for Oncorhynchus mykiss and Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; these primers and assays were cross-tested in both species.

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P>In the Yellow Sea of China, large-scale green tides have broken out for three consecutive years from 2007 to 2009. As part of the efforts to localize the algal source, two cruises were conducted in the early stage and the outbreak stage of the bloom in 2009. We analyzed the morphological and genetic diversity of drifting Ulva specimens and culture-derived isolates from seawater sampled in different localities. For phylogenetic analyses, the nuclear encoded ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS nrDNA) and the plastid encoded large subunit of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxgenase gene (rbcL) were used. Our molecular and morphological data indicate that the dominant free-floating Ulva species in 2008 and 2009 possibly belonged to a single strain of the U. linza-procera-prolifera (LPP) clade. The ITS sequences from bloom-forming algal samples with dense branches were identical to those from U. linza-like specimens without branches derived from the Yellow Sea. Microscopic individuals of the dominant Ulva strain were detected in eight stations, revealing that spore dispersal in the water helped to enlarge biomass in the water during the outbreak stage of green tide in the Yellow Sea.

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老厂矿床位于三江成矿带南段昌宁—孟连裂谷的次级澜沧断陷盆地中,昌宁—孟连裂谷是三江成矿带南段的重要成矿段之一,其大地构造位于保山―掸邦微陆块东缘,兰坪—思茅盆地、临沧地块西缘,属东特提斯构造域,是冈瓦纳古陆与欧亚大陆巨型缝合带的组成部分。 矿床开采历史悠久,始于明朝永乐二年(1404年),至今已605年。古时炼银弃铅,最高年产白银30万两。解放后主要开采古人废弃的高铅炉渣,并对深部原生矿体进行了初步勘探,90年代至今对深部银铅矿体进行了详细勘查,深部矿体是矿床主要的开采对象。它以独特的成矿地质特征、富银(铅锌矿石中平均含量为629×10-6,方铅矿中平均2069×10-6)、伴生元素多(In、Se、Te、Ga、Cd、Bi)、规模大(In、Se、Te、Cd已达大型规模)、含Sn等特征而受到广大地质工作者的关注。它是“三江”成矿带南段最具代表性的铅银矿床类型之一,也是昌宁—孟连裂谷内目前探明的唯一大型银铅锌多金属矿床,具有十分重要的研究价值。 虽然前人已从矿床地质、成矿条件、控矿因素等方面对老厂大型银铅锌多金属矿床进行过研究,但研究工作较为零散,在成矿物质与成矿流体来源、矿床成因、花岗斑岩与成矿等方面还存在较大争议。本文在深入细致的野外地质工作基础上,利用多种现代分析测试技术,对矿床进行了较为系统的矿物学、岩石学、年代学和矿床地球化学研究,进而查明了矿床成矿物质与成矿流体来源、揭示了成矿地球动力学背景、探讨了矿床的成因、初步建立了矿床成因模式。论文取得的主要成果如下: 1.查明了硫化物的物质组分及形成阶段。闪锌矿以高铁(早期平均11.51%,晚期平均8.41%)为基本特征,并伴生多种特征的微量元素,早期闪锌矿是Fe、In的主要载体,Cu、Cd、Mn则主要富集在晚阶段闪锌矿中;方铅矿是Ag的主要载体,其早期富Ag、Te、Bi,含Se、Cu,中期主要富Ag,晚期以含As、Bi为特征;其它硫化物成分较单一。 2.揭示了伴生元素赋存状态和富集规律。矿床伴生元素含量高,闪锌矿中Cd平均4293.19×10-6,In平均555.37×10-6,方铅矿中Te平均143.81×10-6,As、Se、Bi、Ga含量也很高。初步估算金属储(万吨)量分别为: Ga 0.097,Cd1.84, In0.13,Se0.06 ,Te0.15,Bi1.28,As4.31。闪锌矿是Ga、In、Cd主要载体,Te、Bi主要赋存在方铅矿中,Se则主要在铅锌、黄铁矿石中富集。 3.首次获得了精确的成矿年代学数据。单颗粒闪锌矿—黄铁矿Rb-Sr法获得矿床成矿年龄t=(45±3.6)Ma,(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.70977±0.00034。证实了矿床成矿与隐伏花岗斑岩关系密切,矿床形成是三江成矿带南段对喜马拉雅碰撞造山成矿运动的响应。 4.首次系统研究了花岗斑岩的地质、地球化学特征。矿床花岗斑岩具高硅、超钾、富碱、贫钠和低镁、钙、铁、磷的特征,岩石为过铝质岩石;其轻稀土富集、Eu为弱负异常、基本无Ce异常、岩石富集大离子亲石元素,具有较高的锶初始值和较低εNd及高的Nd模式年龄,与三江地区富碱斑岩具有相似的地球化学特征。岩浆主要来源于加厚下地壳重熔,成岩过程中有地幔物质的加入,为同碰撞构造环境下形成。 5.首次探讨了容矿沉积建造及矿石、矿物的地球化学特征。矿床碳酸盐岩轻稀土富集、Eu正异常及Ce异常和其微量元素特征与热水沉积岩石相似,表明了碳酸盐岩的热水沉积成因,同时矿石及其硫化物微量和稀土元素特征也指示了在早石炭世矿区发生了广泛的火山喷流热水沉积成矿作用。 6.查明了成矿物质及成矿流体来源。成矿元素研究显示矿床成矿物质具有多来源的特征,Pb同位素研究表明矿床Pb可能来自不同地层岩石的淋滤, S同位素组成显示其可能主要来源于海水对下伏火山岩地层的淋滤与海水硫酸盐的还原,花岗斑岩岩浆也可能提供了部分S。C-O、H-O同位素和矿石及其硫化物稀土元素反映矿床早期成矿流体主要源于深部岩浆,晚期主要来源于喜山期花岗斑岩岩浆热液。 7.初步建立了成矿模式。老厂矿床是长期以来多种地质作用下的综合产物,具有成矿物质多来源,成矿阶段多期次特点。经历了早石炭世火山喷流热水沉积成矿和喜山期花岗斑岩岩浆热液叠加改造成矿作用,热水成矿作用下形成了以黄铁矿为主的块状硫化物矿床,喜山期富碱花岗斑岩岩浆热液流体携带了大量的Cu、Mo、Ag、Pb等成矿元素,在它的叠加改造作用下形成了老厂银多金属矿床。总之矿床为火山喷流沉积—岩浆热液叠加改造成因。