59 resultados para ISOMORPHIC CLASSIFICATIONS OF SPACES OF COMPACT OPERATORS AND SPACES OF NUCLEAR OPERATORS


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Fusion barriers have been calculated for different orientations of the axial symmetry axis of deformed projectile-and target-nucleus. Using the concept of dinuclear system, considering the strong competition between fusion and quasifission processes, by solving the master equation numerically to calculate the fusion probability of superheavy nuclei, we have estimated the dependence of the fusion probabilities for Ge-76 + Pb-208 and Ca-48 + Pu-244 on the orientation angles of the symmetry axis of projectile-and target-nucleus, which shows that belly-belly is the most favorable orientation for synthesizing superheavy nuclei.

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Assuming Theta(+) interacts with nucleon or Theta(+) by exchanging isoscalar mesons sigma and omega, the equation of state of {p, n, Theta(+)} and possible metastable state are studied in the framwork of the density dependent relativistic hadron field theory(DDRH). The ratio of the proton isospin to the neutron isospin with different baryon densities and the effect of the Theta(+) component on the binding energy per baryon of the system are also discussed. It is shown that when the binding energy per baryon of the system takes the maximal value, Theta(+) might be bound in the nuclear matter.

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The double neutron/proton ratio of nucleon emissions taken from two reaction systems using four isotopes of the same element, namely, the neutron/proton ratio in the neutron-rich system over that in the more symmetric system, has the advantage of reducing systematically the influence of the Coulomb force and the normally poor efficiencies of detecting low energy neutrons. The double ratio thus suffers less systematic errors. Within the IBUU04 transport model the double neutron/proton ratio is shown to have about the same sensitivity to the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy as the single neutron/proton ratio in the neutron-rich system involved. The double neutron/proton ratio is therefore more useful for further constraining the symmetry energy of neutron-rich matter.

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The effects of momentum dependent interaction on the kinetic energy spectrum of the neutron-proton ratio r(b)(E-k) in the equation of state of nuclear matter was investigated. We found that the kinetic energy spectrum of the neutron-proton ratio r(b)(E-k) depends sensitively on the momentum dependent interaction and weakly on the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section and symmetry potential so that the r(b) (E-k) is a sensitive physical probe for extracting the information of momentum dependent interaction in the heavy ion collisions. At the same time, the comparing investigate between r(b)(E-k) for the neutron-rich collision system and the same mass stable collision system gives a important judgment for extracting the information of momentum dependent interaction in the heavy ion collisions.

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The proton-neutron interaction in determining the evolution of nuclear structure has been studied by using the Brillouin-Wigner perturbation expansion. The particle-hole and particle-particle p-n interactions are unifiedly described in the theory. The obtained formulas of level energies and excitation energies scaled in the small- and large-NpNn limits can well explain the linearity of the extracted proton-neutron interaction energies and the attenuation of the 2(1)(+) excitation energies against the valence nucleon product NpNn for five mass regions from A = 100-200.

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核核糖体DNA(nrDNA)已被作为一个重要的标记,用于推断很多分类等级上的系统发育关系。相对于在被子植物中的快速致同进化,nrDNA在裸子植物中的致同进化速率低,且ITS和5S-NTS区有着较大的长度变异,这种现象在松科植物中尤为明显。在本研究中,我们克隆并测定了银杉属的5S rDNA以及冷杉属、银杉属、雪松属、油杉属、长苞铁杉属、金钱松属与铁杉属的ITS序列。基于获得的新数据,再结合前人报导的其它属的数据,我们探讨了如下四个问题: (1)松科 nrDNA ITS1 亚重复单位的组成、分布及进化;(2)ITS1区的长度变异与亚重复单位数目的关系以及它们的系统学意义;(3)松科ITS1的二级结构特征;(4)银杉5S rDNA编码区及非转录间隔区的结构特征。主要研究结果如下: 1. ITS区的序列分析ITS区的克隆及序列分析发现:(1) 松科ITS1的长度变异范围为 944-3271 bp, 这是目前已报导的真核生物中属间ITS变异最大的类群之一;(2) 所有松科植物的ITS区域都包含亚重复单位,亚重复单位的数目从2到9,并且这些亚重复单位可分为两种类型,即不含保守核心序列(5’-GGCCACCCTAGTC ) 的长亚重复单位(LSR)和含上述保守核心序列的短亚重复单位(SSR);(3) ITS1区的巨大长度变异主要归因于亚重复单位的数量变异; (4) ITS1区的GC含量与 它的序列长度和亚重复单位的数目有一定关系,并能够提供一些系统发育信息,特别是支持云杉属、松属和银杉属三者具有很近的亲缘关系。 2. ITS1亚重复单位的系统发育分析为了研究亚重复单位的进化关系,我们用最大似然法和最大简约法构建了松科ITS1亚重复单位的系统发育树。结果表明:(1)在ML和MP树中可发现有共同的五个分支; (2) 银杉比松科其它属拥有更多的SSR,且该属的所有9个SSR在系统树中构成一个单系支,表明它们是在银杉属内发生重复的;(3)一些SSR在属间和种间具有同源性,可为nrDNA ITS 的进化历史以及松科的系统发育 研究提供重要信息;(4)亚重复单位的多次重复以及伴随的重组可能是导致LSR 和SSR在松科不同属中分布式样不同的原因。 3. 松科ITS1的二级结构 用 Mfold 3.2 软件对松科所有11个属的ITS1区进行了二级结构预测,共获得了563个最低自由能折叠。结合以前关于松科二级结构的报导,我们分析的结果表明:(1) 松科ITS1的二级结构主要由几个延展的发夹结构组成;(2) 构象的复杂性与亚重复的数目呈正相关;(3)配对的亚重复单位通常在保守核心区(5’-GGCCACCCTAGTC ) 处有部分重叠,并且构成一个长茎,而其它的亚重复单位通常会自身折叠,且保守核心区的部分出现在发夹结构的环中。 4. 银杉5S rDNA 序列分析 我们对来自银杉不同群体的3个个体的5S rDNA进行了克隆,共获得 45 条序列,分析结果表明:(1) 绝大多数银杉5S rDNA编码区长度为120 bp, 以GGG 开头,以CTC结尾,编码区出现的碱基替代主要为转换;(2) 银杉与其它裸子植物相比,5S rDNA基因编码区具很高的相似性(90-99%); (3)间隔区含有一个poly-C和一个poly-T结构、两个TC丰富区以及五个GC丰富区。根据长度和序列特征,银杉的5S rDNA间隔区可分为三种类型:Type A 长751-764 bp,Type B 长770-807 bp (含一个32 bp的插入),Type C 长581-594 bp; (5)长间隔区(Type A,Type B )中含有两个148-175 bp的串联亚重复单位,该亚重复单位与短间隔区(Type C )中的一段143 bp的序列具有较高的相似性(56.0-66.8%)。 5. 银杉5S rRNA的二级结构 Mfold 3.2 预测结果表明:(1)银杉5S rRNA二级结构包括5个双螺旋区(干区)(Ⅰ-Ⅴ)、2个发夹结构环区(C和D)、3个中间环区(B1、B2 和 E)和1个铰链区(A), 铰链区为三个双螺旋的结合处;(2) 二级结构中的环区通常比双螺旋区更加保守;(3)在5个双螺旋中,I 和 IV 区有较高的碱基替代率。

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研究了动量相关作用对于中子-质子比动能谱rb(Ek)的效应,发现rb(Ek)灵敏的依赖于动量相关作用而弱的依赖于介质中核子-核子碰撞截面和对称势.因此rb(Ek)是提取重离子碰撞中动量相关作用信息的可能探针.同时,对于丰中子弹核和相同质量稳定弹核在相同入射道条件下,丰中子碰撞系统明显加强了动量相关作用对rb(Ek)的效应.故两个碰撞系统rb(Ek)结果的比较为在重离子碰撞中提取动量相关作用的知识提供了另一个重要的判据。

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核辐照应用于中药领域的研究得到人们广泛关注。综述了核辐照在中草药的栽培、育种和消毒等方面的应用,指出辐照诱变技术与生物技术相结合将为提高细胞突变率和加快中草药遗传改良开辟广阔前景。