19 resultados para HC108.L9 M4


Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

采用LC/ESI-MSn的方法对家兔肠道内的乌头碱代谢产物进行研究,经与空白组比较发现,给药后家兔小肠内容物中新增加6个化合物峰(M1~M6),盲肠内容物中新增加5个化合物峰(M2~M6),粪便中新增加2个化合物峰(M3、M4). 分别测定各化合物的准分子离子及各级串联碎片离子,并与标准品的质谱断裂规律进行比较,同时参考文献,推断肠道内化合物M1为16-O-去甲基-8-O-去乙酰基乌头碱,M2为8-O-去乙酰基乌头碱,M3为16-O-去甲基乌头碱,M4为乌头碱(AC),M5为去氧乌头碱,为印乌头碱。

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本文依据收集到的392个地面验潮站8个主要分潮(M2、S2、K1、O1、N2、K2、P1及Q1)的调和常数,对现有7个全球大洋潮汐模式的准确度进行了检验,结果显示各模式在深海区域均达到了比较高的准确度,相互之间差别也不大。经验模式GOT00和CSR4.0、同化模式NAO99、反演同化模式TPXO7.0、数值同化模式FES2002和FES2004的M2分潮均方根偏差在3 cm左右,其它分潮(S2、K1、O1、N2、K2、P1及Q1)大约在1~2 cm。本文还依据中国近海18个岛屿的调和常数对其中的5个大洋潮汐模式的准确度进行了检验,结果表明,M2分潮均方根偏差在6~14 cm,明显高于大洋部分的偏差,其中日本国家天文台的潮汐模式NAO99在中国近海的结果相对较准确。 我们利用1992年8月至2008年8月的TOPEX/POSEIDON和JASON-1(T/P-J)卫星高度计资料,对沿卫星轨道的302816个站点进行了14个分潮的潮汐调和分析,得到了全球大洋潮汐的8个主要分潮以及2个气象分潮Sa、Ssa的经验同潮图。主要结果有:(1)各分潮在卫星上升轨道与下降轨道的交叉点(约7000个)相关性分析表明:M2分潮的振幅和迟角的相关系数很高(分别为0.9965和0.9961);S2,K1,O1和Sa分潮也有较好的相关性(相关系数为0.94~0.99);(2)该结果与392地面个验潮站吻合较好,其中M2分潮的振幅、迟角和向量的均方根偏差分别为:1.73 cm,2.340和2.93 cm;S2,K1和O1分潮的振幅、迟角和向量的均方根偏差为1 cm左右,5.250~7.270和1.5~2.1 cm,该精度与最近几年国际上的主要大洋潮汐模式的准确度相近;(3)首次通过卫星资料获得了Sa、Ssa分潮的同潮图。周期为1年的Sa分潮与大洋105个地面站相比,振幅、迟角和向量的均方根偏差分别为1.50 cm、18.360和2.16 cm。在此基础上,进一步分析了构成Sa、Ssa气象分潮的两个主要因素(海水密度以及海面气压)在全球的分布。 在T/P-J等卫星资料无法覆盖到南大洋和北冰洋,本文利用Princeton Ocean Model(POM)进行了数值模拟,模拟结果与162个地面实测站(其中南大洋30个,北冰洋132个)的观测比较一致。基于卫星资料分析的结果和数值模拟结果合并得到了全球大洋的8个主要分潮同潮图。在此基础上通过全球潮汐能量耗散的计算得到潮能通量的分布,并得到全球M2、S2、K1和O1分潮的潮汐能量耗散率为2.431TW、0.401TW、0.336TW和0.176TW。 本文还利用卫星资料对南海潮汐进行了研究,在中国南海,获得了主要的半日潮、全日潮、四分日分潮和长周期分潮(M2,S2,N2,K2,K1,O1,P1,Q1,M4, MS4,Sa, Ssa)的经验同潮图。与南海沿岸94个地面验潮站的数据符合得比较好,M2,S2,K1及O1等4个主要分潮的平均振幅差为2~4 cm,均方根偏差分别是9~11 cm.其它4个主要分潮N2,K2,P1,Q1的平均振幅差为1~2 cm,均方根偏差为2~4 cm。此外,本文还利用卫星高度计资料潮汐分析结果沿卫星轨道进行高通滤波,分离得出中国近海的M2,S2,K1及O1分潮的内潮信息。

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本论文的研究工作由两部分组成,第一部分研究了海带(Laminaria japonica)水提取物中的活性物质,并研究了提取物对蔬菜促生长的影响及其作用机制。第二部分对三列凹顶藻(Laurencia tristicha)乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯相进行了活性筛选和化学成分研究,并对其中分离得到的单体化合物进行了生物活性筛选。 第一部分主要以中国人工养殖的海带为原料,使用与海藻多糖生产相结合的提取技术并浓缩其中的有效成分。对浓缩提取物进行了蔬菜的农田效果实验,并对作物抗旱性能的增加、作物硝酸盐积累的减少、作物品质的改善、以及作物抵抗病毒病的能力等影响进行了作用机制方面的研究。海藻浓缩提取物进行的农田效果实验表明:作物抗旱型相对含水量RWC值在92%~94%之间;病毒病的防治效果最高可达到91%;作物的品质有明显的改善,最重要的是首次发现海藻提取物有降低蔬菜中硝酸盐的含量(硝酸盐的含量是与有机蔬菜区别的重要指标之一)的作用。该部分研究工作的创新性主要体现在:(1)首次在国内外提出和采用与海藻多糖生产相结合的提取技术。该技术的应用不但减少了提取成本,使工业化生产成为可能,更重要的是使我国的海藻工业生产可能实现高值化和开辟综合利用的新途径。(2)首次发现海藻中的小分子海藻多糖具有和细胞激动素、甜菜碱、植物生长素等活性物质同样的生物活性。 第二部分的研究是在查阅了大量的近20年来国内外有关红藻凹顶藻中化学成分研究的相关文献的基础上,对凹顶藻中的次生代谢产物进行了综述。该论文主要是通过对红藻三列凹顶藻的95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯相进行化学成分分析和生物活性筛选以期能够发现具有药用前景的活性先导化合物。 为了寻找具有生物活性的化合物,我们对采自我国南海硇洲岛海域的红藻三列凹顶藻的95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯相进行了活性筛选。采用MTT法对其在KB细胞株、Bel-7402细胞株、PC-3M细胞株、MCF-7细胞株、Ketr-3细胞株模型上进行了细胞毒活性测试;采用酶模型对其进行了Na+,K+-ATPase的抑制活性测试;采用MTT法对其在犬主动脉血管模型上进行了血管平滑肌细胞增殖抑制活性测试;结果表明,三列凹顶藻的95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯相对Na+,K+-ATPase和犬血管平滑肌细胞增殖具有一定的抑制活性。 利用正相和反相色谱、Sephadex LH-20色谱以及反相HPLC等手段进行分离纯化,从我国南海海域的红藻三列凹顶藻中分离得到33种化学成分,通过波谱学方法(IR、MS、NMR)以及X-ray单晶衍射试验对其化学结构进行了确证,其中化合物L1~L8为新结构化合物,化合物L5为具有新骨架的全新结构化合物,化合物L9~L13为新天然产物,化合物L18和L22系首次从海洋生物中获得,所有化合物均为首次从该属海藻中得到。新化合物L1~L8均为倍半萜类化合物,命名分别为:(1R,3R)-(-)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)- 1,3-dimethyl–2-methylidene cyclopentanol (L1), (1R,3R)-(-)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-2-methylidenecyclopentanol (L2), (1R, 3R)-(-)-3-(2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl–2–methylidenecyclopentanol (L3),(+)-(1S,2R)–2-(3–hydroxy–4–methylphenyl)-1,2-[3.1.0]bicy-clohexane (L4),()-(1S,2R) -5-hydroxy–6–methyl-spiro-dihydrobenzofuran-2(3H),2-{1-methyl-[3.1.0]bicyclohexane} (L5), (+)-6-methyl-2-(p-tolyl)hept-4-en-2,6-diol (L6),(3R,3aS,8bS)-(-)-2,3,3a,8b–tetrahydro–7-bromo – 3 a– hydroxymethyl - 3, 6, 8b - trimethyl-1H- cyclopenta[b] benzofuran (L7 ),(3R, 3aS, 8bS) - (-) - 2,3,3a,8b–tetrahydro–3 a–hydroxymethyl-3,6,8b -trimethyl -1H – cyclopenta [b] benzofuran (L8)。25个已知结构化合物确定为:(+)-(1R,2R)-4-bromo-1,5, 9–trimethyl–12– methylidene–8–oxa-tricyclo[7.2.1.02]dodeca-2,4,6-triene (L9),(3S,3aR,8bS)-(-)-2,3,3a, 8b– tetra -hydro–7-bromo–3–hydroxy-3,3a,6,8b-tetramethyl-1H-cyclopenta[b]benzofu- ran (L10 ),(3R, 3aR, 8bS) - (-) - 2, 3, 3a, 8b – tetrahydro – 7 - bromo – 3 – hydroxy - 3,3a,6,8b - tetramethyl - 1H - cyclopenta [b] benzofuran (L11 ),(3S,3aR,8bS) - (-) - 2, 3, 3a, 8b – tetrahydro –3–hydroxy -3, 3a, 6, 8b - tetramethyl-1H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran (L12 ), ( 3aR, 8bS) - (-) - 3a,8b –dihydro–7 - bromo – 3, 3a, 6, 8b - tetramethyl - 1H - cyclopenta[b]benzofuran (L13 ),aplysinol (L14 ) ,aplysin (L15),laurebiphenyl (L16),johnstonol (L17),gossonorol (L18),7,10-epoxy-ar- bisabol-11-ol (L19),10-epi-7,10-epoxyarbisabol-11-ol (L20) 3β-hydroxy- 5α, 6α-epoxy- β- ionone (L21 ),3β-hydroxy-5β,6β-epoxy-β-ionone (L22 ),胆甾醇 (L23 ),胆甾-5-烯-3β,7α二醇胆甾-5-烯-3β,7α二醇 (L24),β-谷甾醇 (L25),叶绿醇 (L26 ),玉米黄素 (L27 ),对羟基苯甲醛 (L28 ),3-吲哚甲醛 (L29 ),1-O-十六烷酰基-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-丙三醇(L30 ),1-O-十八烷酰基-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-丙三醇 (L31 ),丙三醇-1-软脂酸单酯 (L32 ),正十六碳酸 (L33 )。 采用MTT法对其中23个单体化合物在Bel-7402细胞株、BGC-823细胞株、A549细胞株、A2780细胞株、HCT-8细胞株和HELL细胞株模型上进行了细胞毒活性测试;采用MTT法对其中13个单体化合物在犬主动脉血管模型上进行了血管平滑肌细胞增殖抑制活性测试;结果表明,部分单体化合物显示出一定的生物活性。

Relevância:

10.00% 10.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The Sanmen Gorge area is located in the southernmost margin of the Chinese Loess Plateau with well developed eolian deposit sequence for the past 2.6 Ma, providing a key site for further understanding of the evolution history of the East Asian monsoon since late Pliocene. This study attempted to characterize the stratigraphy and paleoclimate record of the loess-paleosol sequence in the Songjiadian section. The work involved includes systematic field investigation, paleomagnetic and rock magnetic analyses, grain size and major chemical composition analyses, and multiple proxy measurements of magnetic susceptibility, color reflectance and the ratio of CBD-dissolvable iron to the total iron (FeD/FeT). By comparisons of the Songjiadian section with well studied loess sections in the west of the Sanmen Gorge, the spatial variations of the East Asian monsoon was evaluated for some periods during which typical loess or paleosols developed. The following conclusions have been obtained. 1. Stratigraphic correlation and paleomagnetic result demonstrate that the loess-paleosol sequence in the Songjiadian section was accumulated from 2.6Ma, and is generally a complete and continuous loess sequence. However, notable differences from type loess sections have been identified for a few loess and paleosol units, featured by absence or anomalous thickness in the Songjiadian section. 2. Magnetic susceptibility and chromaticity records clearly reveal the loess-paleosol cycles, and indicate that the Sanmen Gorge area has been warmer and more humid than the Lingtai and Jingchuan sections in the western central Loess Plateau since the Early Pleistocene. 3. Grain size distribution patterns are typical of eolian dust, and show a great similarity between various units of loess and paleosols, and between the S32 and the underlying Red Clay through the Songjiadian profile, suggesting the eolian origin for the loess, paleosols and the Red Clay. 4. Comparison of the FeD/FeT curves from different loess sections indicates a stronger chemical weathering in the Songjiadian section and notable enhancement around 1800, 800 and 600 ka BP, implying the strengthening of the East Asian monsoon during these periods. In contrast, it was weakened at 1100 ka BP. Generally, the summer monsoon shows a gradually decreasing trend during the entire Pleostocene, but the spatial pattern typified by an increasing trend in weathering intensity from north to south remained the same. 5. The loess unit L9 in the Songjiadian section displays two geomagnetic field anomalies with the midpoint ages of 0.917 and 0.875 Ma respectively, with a segment of 12 ka. They are demonstrated to be equivalent to the Santa Rosa and Kamikatsura geomagnetic excursions. 6. Magnetite is the main magnetic carrier for both loess and paleosols. Maghemite concentration is higher in paleosols than in loess, and is an important carrier for the enhanced magnetic susceptibility in paleosols. Magnetic fabric analysis suggests a dominant N-S wind direction prevailing in the L9 and L15, while the summer winds were dominantly in NNE-SSW direction during the S8 period, notably differing from previous studies.