Energy transfer between silicon-oxygen-related defects and Yb3+ in transparent glass ceramics containing Ba2TiSi2O 8 nanocrystals

We report on the conversion of near-ultraviolet radiation of 250-350 nm into near-infrared emission of 970-1100 nm in Yb3+-doped transparent glass ceramics containing Ba2TiSi2O8 nanocrystals due to the energy transfer from the silicon-oxygen-related defects to Yb3+ ions. Efficient Yb3+ emission (F-2(5/2)-> F-2(7/2)) was detected under the excitation of defects absorption at 314 nm. The occurrence of energy transfer is proven by both steady state and time-resolved emission spectra, respectively, at 15 K. The Yb2O3 concentration dependent energy transfer efficiency has also been evaluated, and the maximum value is 65% for 8 mol % Yb2O3 doped glass ceramic. These materials are promising for the enhancement of photovoltaic conversion efficiency of silicon solar cells via spectra modification.

High-efficiency diffraction gratings in fused silica at the wavelength of 632.8 nm

We describe high-efficiency diffraction gratings fabricated in fused silica at the wavelength of 632.8 nm by rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA). High-density holographic gratings, if the groove density falls within the range of 1575-1630 lines/mm and the groove depth within the range of 1.1-1.3 microns, can realize high diffraction efficiencies at the wavelength of 632.8 nm, e.g., the first Bragg diffraction efficiency can theoretically achieve more than 93% both in TE- and TM-polarized incidences, which greatly reduces the polarization-dependent losses. Note that with different groove profiles further optimized, the maximum efficiency of more than 99.69% can be achieved for TM-polarized incidence, or 97.81% for TE-polarized incidence.

Highly efficient Nd:YAG ceramic CW laser with 59.8% slope-efficiency

In this paper, a highly efficient Ti:sapphire end-pumped 1 at.-% Nd:YAG ceramic laser that is comparable in efficiency with Nd:YAG single crystal lasers has been developed. Optical absorption and emission spectra for Nd:YAG ceramics have been measured. With 673-mW pumping, 295-mW laser output at 1064 nm has been obtained. The laser threshold is only 13 mW. Deducted the transmitted light, the corresponding optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is 58.4%. The lasing characteristics of Nd:YAG ceramic are nearly equal to those of Nd:YAG single crystal.

Thermal and electric conductivity of near-zero thermal expansion ZrW 2O8//ZrO2 composites

In this work, the microstructure, thermal and electric conductivity properties of near-zero thermal expansion ZrW2O8/ZrO2 and Al2O3 added ZrW2O8/ZrO2 composites were studied. Both the two composites exhibit very low thermal conductivity and the thermal conductivity decreases slightly as the temperature increases. The electric conductivity of the two composites increases with the increasing of the measurement temperature. The Al2O3 added ZrW2O8/ZrO2 composite has higher thermal and electric conductivity than ZrW2O8/ZrO2 composite. The most important factor which causes the difference of the thermal and electric conductivity of the composites is the porosity. (C) 2008 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

Diffraction at 8-keV x-rays of Bragg-Fresnel optics

The basic elements of Bragg-Fresnel multilayer optics are multilayer gratings. In this paper, the fabrication process for the simplest Bragg-Fresnel multilayer optics is given; the diffraction measurements at 8-keV x rays of multilayer gratings are presented; and the measurement results in the diffraction spectrum are analyzed and discussed in detail. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

8.0nm反射式偏振膜的设计和制备

讨论了软X射线反射式偏振膜的设计原理和方法,利用设计软件模拟设计了8.0nm处的Mo/B4C偏振膜.对影响多层膜性能的参量进行了详细的误差分析.利用磁控溅射镀膜机进行了偏振膜的制备研究,X射线小角衍射测量了多层膜的周期厚度,测量数据的拟合结果与设计值吻合很好.

Efficiency improvement of organic light-emitting diodes using 8-hydroxy-quinolinato lithium as an electron injection layer

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using tris-(8-hydroxy-quinolinato) aluminum (Alq(3)) as an emitter, 8-hydroxy-quinolinato lithium (Liq) as an electron injection layer, were prepared. Experimental results show that the efficiency of device with Liq is three times higher than that without Liq. The device using Liq as an injection layer is less sensitive in efficiency to the Liq thickness than that using LiF. In addition to the Alq3 based devices, Liq is also very effective as an electron injection layer for 4,4'-bis(2,2-diphenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl based blue OLED and poly (2-methoxy,5-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) based orange polymer OLED. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.