一种机载DSP系统主控机的实时计算模型

现代机载数字信号处理 (DSP)系统中的主控机是具有严格实时需求的计算环境 ,负责实时存储、显示和控制等重要功能 针对机载DSP系统的特殊性及其对实时计算的具体需求 ,提出了一种基于实时Linux技术的实时计算模型 它通过与操作系统层的实时支持相结合 ,实现了包括多任务并发的实时调度方法、硬实时和软实时任务协同工作机制以及实时事件驱动机制在内的完整运行环境 相对于现有的基于分时操作系统的方案 ,实时性能更为可靠 ,计算资源利用率高 ;相对于使用受严格许可证限制的商业实时操作系统的技术 ,应用开发灵活易行 ,软件成本更低

机载SAR实时成像系统中的数据可视化研究

SAR实时成像系统在国防等很多领域都有着重要的应用 ,系统对数据可视化方面的要求也越来越高 ,但目前国内对SAR实时成像系统的数据可视化方面的研究还不多 提出了一种针对SAR实时成像系统的新的数据可视化方案 ,并已在实际的飞行成像中得到了检验 新方案实时提供的信息更全面、更直观、可分析性更强 ,具有较强的信息表现能力和双向实时交互能力 ,能够较好地辅助对图像的在线分析 还对方案的重要组成部分———缩略图的原理和实现算法做了概括介绍

泸州老窖古酿酒作坊空气微生物分布特征研究

本文主要研究了泸州老窖古酿酒作坊内外环境空气真菌和空气细菌的群落结构和分布特征。结果如下： 作坊内外环境空气微生物浓度差别显著，并随季节变换而变化，春、夏季微生物浓度较高，秋、冬季较低，空气真菌在夏季达到最高，细菌在春季最高。 古作坊内外环境检测到的真菌均为16 属，但优势菌属不同，作坊外的优势菌属为青霉属(Penicillium)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、无孢菌(non-sporing)、枝孢霉属(Cladosporium)和链格孢属(Alternaria)；而作坊内优势菌属为曲霉属、青霉属、酵母菌(Yeast)、无孢菌，作坊内还含有较高浓度的根霉属（Rhizopus）、毛霉属（Mucor）、短梗霉属（Aureobasidiu），枝孢霉属和链格孢属等，曲霉属、酵母菌、根霉属、毛霉属为古酿酒作坊重要的酿酒真菌，青霉属、链格孢属为酿酒不利菌群。对古作坊内曲霉属进行了初步鉴定，主要是小冠曲霉（A.cristatellus）、米曲霉（A.oryzae）、黑曲霉（A.niger）和白曲霉（A.cadidus）。 空气细菌10 属21 种，作坊内外环境的优势菌属均为芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonad)，其中芽孢杆菌属在作坊内占有绝对的优势，浓度比在40℅以上，是古酿酒作坊重要的酿酒细菌，另外还检测到较高浓度的乳酸杆菌（lactobucillus），这类菌容易使酒味发涩发苦，为酿酒不利菌。 作坊内外环境空气微生物表现出明显的交流现象。作坊内，青霉属、枝孢霉属、链格孢属、葡萄球菌属等杂菌占有一定比例；而在作坊外,芽孢杆菌属、曲霉属、根霉属(Rhizopus)、酵母菌等处于相对较高水平，绿化环境较好的营沟头作坊内的短梗霉属，枝孢霉属和链格孢属等杂菌含量低于什字头和新街子作坊。 The community structure and distribution characteristic of airborne microbes was investigated in ancient brewage workshops of luzhoulaojiao. The results are as follows: The concentration of airborne microbes was different in interior and exterior environment of ancient workshops, and also varied by seasons. microbial concentration was higher in spring and summer, and lower in fall and winner. The highest levels of airborne bacteria was in spring, but the fungal’s in summer. The identified genus of fungi were 16 in interior and exterior environment of the ancient workshops. But the dominant genus were different , The advantage genus in the interior were Aspergillus, Yeasts, Penicillum and Nonsporing and in the exterior were Penicillum, Nonsporing, Cladosporium, Aspergillus and Aureobasidiu. Rhizopus ,mucor, Aureobasidiu, Cladosporium, Alternaria and all also were at a higher level. Among these, Aspergillus, Yeasts, Rhizopus ,mucor are important vintage flora . Penicillum, Alternaria do harm to vintage. Aspergillus of ancient workshops was identified , the preponderant aspergillus species were A.cristatellus, A.oryzae, A.niger and A.cadidus in ancient brewage workshops. 10 genus 21 species bacteria were identified, the advantage genuses among the interior and exterior of the three workshops were bacillus, microccus, Staphylococcus Pseudomonas. Bacillus, which account for beyond 40℅ of the total bacteria concentration in all sampling pots, was the most dominant genus. Lactobacillus was identified at a high level in ancient workshops, it makes spirit taste bitter and astringent. So it is not a kind of good bacterium for vintage. The fungus in the interior and exterior atmosphere characterized intercommunion phenomenon. Obviously, the concentration of profitless fungus such as Penicillum, Cladosporium, Alternaria appeared in the interior, and the fungus such as Bacillus, Aspergillus, Rhizopus and Yeasts in the exterior were at a relatively high level. the harmfull fungus in yinggoutou workshops such as Aureobasidiu, Cladosporium, Alternaria and all were lower than shenzitou and xinjiezi workshops.

Application of Dempster-Shafer evidence theory to unsupervised classification in multisource remote sensing

The aim of this paper is to show that Dempster-Shafer evidence theory may be successfully applied to unsupervised classification in multisource remote sensing. Dempster-Shafer formulation allows for consideration of unions of classes, and to represent both imprecision and uncertainty, through the definition of belief and plausibility functions. These two functions, derived from mass function, are generally chosen in a supervised way. In this paper, the authors describe an unsupervised method, based on the comparison of monosource classification results, to select the classes necessary for Dempster-Shafer evidence combination and to define their mass functions. Data fusion is then performed, discarding invalid clusters (e.g. corresponding to conflicting information) thank to an iterative process. Unsupervised multisource classification algorithm is applied to MAC-Europe'91 multisensor airborne campaign data collected over the Orgeval French site. Classification results using different combinations of sensors (TMS and AirSAR) or wavelengths (L- and C-bands) are compared. Performance of data fusion is evaluated in terms of identification of land cover types. The best results are obtained when all three data sets are used. Furthermore, some other combinations of data are tried, and their ability to discriminate between the different land cover types is quantified

Determination of isocyanates by capillary electrophoresis with tris(2,2 '-bipyridine) ruthenium(II) electrochemiluminescence

CE with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)) electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection for the quantitative determination of isocyanates was first reported. Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and hexyl isocyanate (HI) were used as the model analytes. Commercially available N,N-diethyl-N'-methylethylenediamine was used as the derivatization reagent. It has both a secondary amine group and a tertiary amine group. The secondary amine group can quantitatively react with isocyanate group, and the tertiary amine group can react with Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) to produce strong ECL signal for sensitive detection. The derivatization reaction was almost instantaneous and is much faster than other reported derivative reactions using other derivative reagents.

Remote sensing of ocean waves by polarimetric SAR

A new method to measure ocean wave slope spectra using fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) data was developed without the need for a complex hydrodynamic modulation transform function. There is no explicit use of a hydrodynamic modulation transfer function. This function is not clearly known and is based on hydrodynamic assumptions. The method is different from those developed by Schuler and colleagues or Pottier but complements their methods. The results estimated from NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (AIRSAR) C-band polarimetric SAR data show that the ocean wavelength, wave direction, and significant wave height are in agreement with buoy measurements. The proposed method can be employed by future satellite missions such as RADARSAT-2.

贵阳市大气颗粒物、雨水及土壤中重金属的研究

重金属是指比重大于或等于5.0的金属。随着城市化在全球范围内的飞速发展，以及城市人口的不断增长，客观上需要增加对城市生态环境的了解，以及研究城市生态环境与人类健康之间的相互关系。 大气沉降包括干沉降与湿沉降，大气的干、湿沉降是大气化学、环境化学和生物地球化学研究的重要内容之一，在重金属循环中扮演着重要的角色。大气沉降对土壤重金属地球化学过程有着重要影响。因此，准确把握环境中重金属的主要来源、行为及归宿，对有效控制重金属的污染、保护人类健康提供科学依据具有非常重要的意义。城市土壤是城市生态环境的重要组成部分，对城市的可持续发展有着重要意义。在城市环境中，各种各样的人类活动将大量的重金属带人城市土壤中，造成这些元素在土壤中的积累，并通过大气、水体或食物链而直接或间接地威胁着人类的健康甚至生命。 本研究以贵阳为例，对环境中的重金属进行研究。系统研究了贵阳市大气颗粒物重金属含量与形态、雨水重金属的含量与季节变化及土壤重金属含量与形态。主要结果如下： 1 贵阳市的干、湿沉降与气象因子关系密切。随温度的升高，贵阳市TSP浓度下降；相对湿度与TSP呈负相关性；风速对贵阳市区的TSP浓度的影响主要表现为扩散和稀释作用，随风速的增加，贵阳TSP浓度降低；雨水对贵阳市大气总悬浮颗粒物的有明显的清除作用。随着风速的增加，贵阳市雨水中重金属含量降低；雨量与雨水中的Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb与Zn的含量均呈一定的负相关关系，总体趋势为当降雨量较大的时候，雨水中重金属的含量较低。 2 贵阳市大气颗粒物中重金属含量有明显季节变化规律。Cd、Cr、Pb和Zn冬季的含量明显高于其它季节，而春季和夏季颗粒物中重金属含量相对较低，冬季的浓度是夏季的1.8-4.6倍。同样，贵阳市雨水中Cr、Cu、Zn的最高浓度都出现在冬季，这与贵阳市在冬季大量使用燃煤来取暖的时段相符合。 3与其它城市相比，贵阳市大气颗粒物重金属污染比较严重。同样，与地表水国家标准值相比较，贵阳市大部分样品Cd、Cu、Pb与Zn明显超过地表水国家标准，雨水中Cd、Cu、Pb与Zn的平均值分别国家标准的为2.7、2.2、6.0和1.3倍。贵阳市表层土壤已受到重金属不同程度的污染。表层土壤Cd的平均含量为0.66mg/kg，Co的平均含量为17.31mg/kg，Cr的平均含量为82.91mg/kg，Cu的平均含量为52.20mg/kg，Ni的平均含量38.76mg/kg，Pb的平均含量为71.03 mg/kg，Zn的平均含量为216.05mg/kg。土壤Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的平均含量分别我国土壤元素的背景值的6.8倍、1.36倍、1.36倍、2.31倍、1.44倍、2.73倍与2.98倍，其中以Cd和Zn 积累较明显。 4对贵阳市大气颗粒物、土壤重金属形态分别进行分析，结果表明：大气颗粒物中Cd主要以环境可迁移态存在，占61.4%；Cr和Cu主要稳定态存在，二者对环境不会造成直接影响；Pb主要以环境可迁移态、碳酸盐和氧化物结合态存在；Zn主要以环境可迁移态存在。土壤中，除Cd以外，Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn元素的酸可提取态在总的元素含量中所占比例较小，均小于总量的3.0%，而Cd的酸可提取态含量为23.3%。相反，除Cd以外，其它6种金属元素的残渣态含量都比较高，Zn为96.8%，Cr为92.2%，Cu为83.4%，Co为69.2%，Ni为57.4%，Pb为41.9%。 5 贵阳市土壤剖面重金属元素的分布比较混乱，没有规律性，底土层含量仍然很高。城市土壤受到人为因素等影响，已发生严重改变。土壤中有许多不同来源物质的混入，土壤剖面经常受到人为扰动，自然土壤发生层被破坏，导致许多土壤剖面上下土层没有发生学上的联系。