130 resultados para 7038-403
Resumo:
Tm3+-Yb3+ codoped oxyfluoride silicate glasses suitable for upconversion laser has been fabricated. In this paper, effect of CdF2 addition on thermal stability and upconversion luminescence properties in Tm3+-Yb3+ codoped oxyfluoride silicate glasses have been systematically investigated. The experimental results indicate that, with the substitution CdF2 for PbF2, the glass thermal stability increases and the UV cutoff edge moves to short-wave band slightly. With increasing CdF2 content, the blue and red upconversion luminescence intensity increases slightly at first, and then increases rapidly. While the near infrared (NIR) upconversion emission intensity increases notably at first and then increases slightly. However, the blue and NIR luminescence intensity are much stronger than that of red, indicating these oxyfluoride silicate glasses are more preferable for blue and NIR emissions than red emission. The possible upconversion mechanisms for the blue, red and NIR fluorescence are also estimated and evaluated. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
This is about the first reported laser glass with very low no, high Er3+ concentration and no quenching. In this work, a series of high Er3+ concentration (10.6-12.2 x 10(20) ions/cm(3)), low refractive index (n(1550) < 1.47) and relatively high fluorescence lifetime (6.8-12.6 ms) fluorophosphate glasses were made. A cw-pumping evanescent wave optical amplifier experiment was performed with it, and a relative gain of around 2dB at 1550 nm wavelength was achieved while the noise level was almost unchanged. To our knowledge, this is the first successful relative gain in evanescent wave optical amplifiers (EWOA) demonstrated with cw pumping. It is a valuable study of specially designed fluorophosphate glass suitable for EWOA communication experiment. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
Broadband infrared luminescence covering the optical telecommunication wavelength region of 0, E and S bands was observed in GeO2: Bi, M (M = Ga, B) glasses prepared by conventional melting-quenching technique. The luminescence with a maximum at around 1320 nm possesses a full width at half maximum larger than 300 nm and mean fluorescent lifetime longer than 500 mus when excited by an 808 nm-laser. These glasses may have potential applications in widely tunable laser and super-broadband optical amplifier for the optical communications. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
陆地植物起源以后,地球上的环境发生了巨大的变化。大气CO2浓度自泥盆纪早期的2000-4OOOμml•mol_1下降至石炭一二叠纪的300μml•mol_1左右,02浓度在泥盆纪至石炭一二叠纪时期,由20-30μml•mol_1上升到70-80μml•mol_1,随后又下降到目前的水平。陆地植物登陆后,形态结构也发生了显著的改变,气生部分表而分化出了通气结构--气孔器和保护结构--角质层。泥盆纪首选标志植物刺镰蕨(Drelpanophycus spinaefrmis)在整个泥盆纪,广布全世界。刺镰蕨的气孔器类型一直存在两种观点,一种认为刺镰蕨的气孔器是平列型,即气孔器山两个保卫细胞和两个副卫细胞组成:另一观点认为刺镰蕨的气孔器为不规则型,即气孔器仅有两个保卫细胞构成,不具副卫细胞。我们借助于扫描电镜、石蜡制片技术和叶表皮离析法,细致地研究了现代石松(Lycopodium japonicum)叶的横切而、表皮及气孔器的内外表面结构,并同刺镰蕨的表皮和气孔器进行了对比。认为刺镰蕨的气孔器和所有的化石石松类及现代石松类的气孔器一样,均属于不规则型。从而解决了关于刺镰蕨气孔器类型的长期争论的关键性科学问题。 胡桃科青钱柳属植物起源于晚白垩世的环北太平洋沿岸,化石植物最早发现于北美古新世和早始新世的Motana,,Wyoming,North Dakota,north Colorado地区,欧亚地区仅出现在渐新世至上新世的Kazakhstan、Germany、Romnania、Russia、Japan、中国云南远谋和四川米易地区。我们将采于吉林省珲春组始新世的叶化石鉴定为一青钱柳相似种,该化石成为东亚地区出现最早的青钱柳属植物,这一发现也支持晚白垩至早第三纪时期环北太平洋两岸曾经相连的观点,青钱柳属在晚白垩由北美起源,在始新世经东亚向欧亚大陆扩散,由于环境变迁,第四纪以后,青钱柳属仪剩一种植物分布于中国的亚热带地区。文中还利用共存分析方法估测出始新世吉林省珲春地区属于暖温带至亚热带气候。 统万城遗址位于我国黄土高原向毛乌素沙漠过渡地带的北缘,属于暖温带森林草原向温带干草原、温带荒漠草原过渡的地区,同时又是东部季风区向西北干旱区过渡的生态环境敏感带。今天统万城地区的自然景观属于沙漠,仅存稀疏的次生灌丛和草本群落。但是,通过对统万城城墙内的孢粉和木材进行的综合研究表明,在约1600年前,当地为温带草原,在塬面或山丘上分布有侧柏林,沟谷、河岸边生长喜温湿的乔木,河流、湖泊、沼泽中水生植物繁盛,在丘间低洼处或盐碱土上分布有灌木和草本植物。当时该地区的年均温为7.8 ℃-9.3℃,最热月平均温度23.0℃-24.9℃,最冷月平均温度-12℃-5.6℃,年较差28.5℃-3 8.2℃,年降雨量403.4-550.Omm,最大月降雨量83.8-123.9mm,最少月降雨量4.4-12.2mm,当时气候比现在温暖湿润,年均温比现在高出0.2-0.7℃,年降雨量也高出60--lOOmm。而如此的历史景观今天已经向南迁移,侧柏林或森林草原退缩至延安以南地区。在此近1600年的时间里,毛乌素沙漠分布范围不断扩大,其南部边缘推进了约200 km,推测沙漠扩展的速率达到平均125m/a。
Resumo:
由芦笋无菌苗诱导得到的愈伤组织,经甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变处理后,进行抗氧乙基半胱氨酸(AEC)和赖氨酸加苏氨酸(Lys十Thr)的突变体筛选工作,得到如下结果: ①AE C可抑制芦笋愈伤组织的生长,但此抑制作用可被赖氨酸或甲硫氨酸都分解除。利用AEC的抑制作用筛选得到抗0.5mMAEC的愈伤组织AR10并再生植株。AR10愈伤组织离开选择剂两代后仍保持对AE C的抗性。还发现抗性愈伤组织对2mM的半胱氨酸的抑制作用具有交叉抗性,对1mM的Lys+Thr的抑制作用有较弱的交叉抗性。AR10的再生植株一部分表出对A EC的抗性,另一部分则无抗性氨基酸分析表明,抗性愈伤组织内游离赖氨酸、苏氨酸、甲硫氨酸和异亮氨酸有所增加,而在开生植株中发现了半胱氨酸和赖氨酸的特异性增加(分别是对照的4•56和5 •39倍)。AR10的抗性机理目前尚不清楚。 ②2mM的Lys十Thr Lys+Thr对芦笋愈伤组织生长具有抑制作用。甲硫氨酸可部分解除.Ly s十Thr的抑制作用。用2mM的Lys+Thr筛选得到的抗性细胞系LTR2. LTR3,在离开选择压力一代,细胞增殖五倍的情况下仍保持对选择剂的稳定抗性。LTR2、L T R3愈价组织对A E C如仰制作用表现出部分的交叉抗性。另外还发现抗性系对苏氨酸(2mM )的生长抑制作用具有抗性,对赖氨酸(2mM)的生长抑制作用却无抗性,氨基酸分析表明。LTR2LTR3愈份组织内游离赖氨酸含量明显提高(分别是对照的2•18和2.67倍),另发现一种峰值介于赖氨酸与游离氨之间的未知氨基酸增加更为显著(分别是对照的4•03和11•42倍)。这些结果表明抗性愈伤组织内氨基酸合成的某些关键酶可能发生了改变,对末端物的反馈抑制敏感性有所降低。