标本DNA研究进展

详细介绍了标本DNA的特性、提取方法、扩增、测序、甄别、时限及已经取得的一系列成果,并对其中存在的问题进行了分析和评述。

银额果蝇自然群体分化过程中的细胞遗传学

对我国大陆银额果蝇的分布及其细胞遗传学进行了广泛的调查,发现了一种值得注意的新核型。该核型结构兼有早已认可的长、短两大类基本核型的特征,即核型中的两条同源4号染色体为1长1短型。含新核型的群体分布于我国大陆东南沿海一带的上海、福州、厦门和深圳。而且,这些自然群体内还出现"1长1短型"、"长型"和"短型"重叠并存的多态现象。

Enhancement of the anti-herpetic effect of trichosanthin by acyclovir and interferon

Trichosanthin (TCS) is a type I ribosome-inactivating protein that has a wide range of pharmacological activities. The present study investigated the effectiveness of TCS on herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). The anti-viral activity and toxicity of TCS on Vero

De novo origination of a new protein-coding gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Origination of new genes is an important mechanism generating genetic novelties during the evolution of an organism. Processes of creating new genes using preexisting genes as the raw materials are well characterized, such as exon shuffling, gene duplicat

Enhancement of GABAA Receptor-Mediated Inhibitory Postsynaptic Currents Induced by "Partial Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation

下载PDF阅读器"氧糖剥夺"模型作为研究脑缺血的离体模型被广泛使用,该模型模拟了局灶性脑缺血的主要病理变化.然而在缺血病灶核心区与正常脑组织之间称为缺血半暗带的区域,脑血流也有程度不一的降低.为了模拟这种病理变化,发展了一种"不完全氧糖剥夺"的离体脑片模型,该模型满足两个条件,灌流液里氧气部分剥夺而葡萄糖含量降低;"氧糖剥夺"可以导致谷氨酸介导的兴奋性毒性,从而引起神经细胞的坏死.而A型γ-氨基丁酸受体(GABAAR)介导的神经元抑制性活动可以对抗谷氨酸引起的兴奋性毒性,因此近年来引起广泛的研究兴趣.而谷氨酸受体和γ-氨基丁酸受体功能在缺血半暗带是否有改变尚不得而知.因此本文采用海马脑片全细胞膜片钳的记录方法,研究"不完全氧糖剥夺"对海马CA1区神经元的A型γ-氨基丁酸受体介导的抑制性突触后膜电流(IPSCs)的影响.研究发现"不完全氧糖剥夺"使GABAAR介导的IPSCs的峰值增加而衰减时程延长.进一步研究发现该电流的峰值增加是由于GABAAR-氯离子通道的电导增加所致,而与氯离子的反转电位变化无关.这些发现提示在脑缺血的缺血半暗带区域GABAAR介导的神经元抑制性活动可能是增强的,这可能是神经元面对缺血状态产生自我保护的一种内稳态机制.

肝素钠生产中间产物效价的检测

将中间产物预先进行离心并调整 p H,采用绵羊血浆法测定效价 ,三氯乙酸法测定蛋白含量。正常情况下 ,猪肠粘膜的盐解液效价约为 6 0 0 0 0 u/副小肠 ,树脂吸附率为 79.6 %～ 84.0 % ,洗脱液得率 77.1%～ 81.8% ,乙醇沉淀物收率 80 .9%～ 85 .7%。酸化去蛋白质液和氧化液可分别按损失率 3%～ 7%和 10 %～ 2 0 %预测效价

蝠蛾属一新种(鳞翅目: 蝙蝠蛾科)

新种锈色蝠蛾H. ferrugineus雄性外生殖器囊形突后缘的中间部位向外凸, 斜脉蝠蛾H. oblifurucs 向内凹陷; 雄性外生殖器抱器瓣下端比斜脉蝠蛾的尖; 前翅Cup脉的基部有 横脉, 后翅Cup和A脉在端部分岔, 而后者前翅Cup脉基部无横脉, 后翅Cup和A脉端部不分贫 。模式标本存作者单位。图3参4

基于复合垂直流人工湿地的循环水养殖系统净化养殖效能与参数优化

该文对基于复合垂直流人工湿地(IVCW)的循环水养殖系统的净化效率、养殖效果和系统优化设计进行了研究。结果表明,在420 mm/d的水力负荷下,湿地可有效地去除循环水中的总悬浮物(去除率85%)、CODCr(去除率50%)、BOD5(去除率44%)、总氨氮(去除率53%)、亚硝酸盐(去除率83%)和硝酸盐(去除率54%),能够满足养殖用水的要求,整个试验期间系统实现了零污水排放。经过5个月的养殖,成功地将斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)鱼苗(1.8 cm,0.08g)培育成鱼种(15.

鞭毛虫的扫描电镜样品制备

针对鞭毛虫样品制备中的难点,以Bodomorphaminima ,Hollande 1942为材料,对一类个体微小的异养性鞭毛虫的扫描电镜样品的制备做了初步探讨。以载玻片为载体,0 .1%的多聚赖氨酸为粘附剂,2 %的戊二醛为固定剂,采用临界点法干燥,获得了较为满意的扫描电镜照片。该技术可简化样品制备步骤,减少样品损失,对于其他原生动物样品和游离细胞样品扫描电镜的制备也有积极的借鉴意义。

绿色鞭毛藻类的新变种及中国新记录种(Ⅱ)

报道了团藻目(Volvocales)4个属的10个种和变种,其中包括3个新变种:单胞衣藻分离变种Chlamy-domonasmonadinasteinvar.separatis,假球四鞭藻穿孔变种CarteriapseudoglobosaEttlvar.perforata,戈利翼膜藻钟形变种PtermonasgolenkinianaPaschervar.campariformis,5个中国新记录种和2个中国新记录变种。

中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)间的长度变异与个体内的长度异质性

用PCR技术扩增中华鲟（Acipensersinensis）线粒体DNA（mtDNA）控制区（D－loop）时，发现中华鲟天然群体内存在个体间和个体内的mtDNA长度变异现象。DNA测序表明，长度变异发生在mtDNAryloop靠近tRANpro的位置，由长约82碱基对（bp）的重复序列串联形成的。由个体内mtDNA长度变异造成的异质性个体比例为57.4％，非异质性（同质性）个体的比例为426％。非异质性个体间的mtDNA的大小也不一样，存在长度变异。在非异质性个体中，有2、3、4、5个串联重复序列形成的

Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the endangered Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis)

The finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) is one of the smallest cetacean species widely distributed in the shallow coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific Oceans. The population size of the Yangtze subspecies (N. p. asiaeorientalis) has sharply decreased in the last two decades and access to objective data on its population structure and genetic diversity would be of great assistance for their proper management. Here we report on the isolation of nine polymorphic microsatellite using the "Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences Containing repeats" (FIASCO) protocol. Polymorphism was assessed using 30 porpoise individuals randomly sampled in the Yangtze River. The number of alleles per locus varies from 2 to 9, with an average value of 5.56, whereas the ranges of observed and expected heterozygosi ties were 0.300-0.633 (mean 0.496) and 0.473-0.804 (mean 0.659), respectively.

Laterally confined modes in wet-etched, metal-coated, quantum-dot-inserted pillar microcavities

We report the fabrication and the measurement of microcavities whose optical eigenmodes were discrete and were well predicted by using the model of the photonic dot with perfectly reflected sidewalls. These microcavities were consisted of the semiconductor pillar fabricated by the simple wet-etched process and successive metal coating. Angle-resolved photoluminescence spectra demonstrate the characteristic emission of the corresponding eigenmodes, as its pattern revealed by varying both polar (0) and azimuthal (45) angles. It is shown that the metal-coated sidewalls can provide an efficient way to suppress the emission due to the leaking modes in these pillar microcavities.