142 resultados para 391


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Er3+/Yb3+-codoped potassium-barium-strontium-lead-bismuth glasses for developing potential upconversion lasers have been fabricated and characterized. Based on the results of energy transfer efficiency, the optimal Yb3+/Er3+ concentration ratio is found to be 5:1. Intense green and red emissions centered at 525, 546, and 657 run, corresponding to the transitions H-2(11/2) -> I-4(15/2), S-4(3/2) -> I-4(15/2), and F-4(9/2) -> I-4(15/2), respectively, were observed. The quadratic dependence of the 525, 546, and 657 nm emissions on excitation power indicates that a two-photon absorption process occurs under 975 nm excitation. The long-lived I-4(11/2) level is supposed to serve as the intermediate state responsible for the upconversion processes. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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The influence of TeO2 on the crystallization stability, thermal stability, spectroscopic and lasing properties of Yb3+ doped fluorophosphate (FP) glass was studied. It is shown that 2 mol% TeO2 is the optimum doping amount which results in better spectroscopic and lasing properties as well as improve the crystallization and thermal stabilities of the glass. In order to enhance the physical and optical properties further, the effect of PbF2 and ZnF2 to the TeO2 contained FP glasses is also investigated, which shows that PbF2 has advantages in improving the crystallization properties while ZnF2 is preferable in enhancing spectroscopic and lasing properties. Results indicate that the co-existence of TeO2, PbF2 or ZnF2 is an effective way to enhance the spectroscopic, lasing and physical properties of Yb3+ doped FP glasses. (c) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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本研究以小麦与多枝赖草属间杂种后代BC_2F_3-F_6为基本材料,首先对其进行抗性鉴定和细胞学分析,从中选出一些抗性较好且体细胞染色体数2n = 42、PMC减数分裂期染色体配对比较正常的株系,进而以此为试材进行花药培养。研究过程中,解决了小麦远缘杂种后代花药培养愈伤组织诱导出愈率、绿苗分化率、最终绿苗得率、移栽成活率以及自然加倍率低等一个个障碍着小麦远缘杂种后代花药培养的关键性技术难题,获得了小麦与多枝赖草杂种后代花药培养的成功,共得到了150多个后代纯系的种子。 对这些后代纯系进行遗传标记技术鉴定。形态标记结果表明,后代材料中带有多枝赖草的标记性状,如耐盐、抗旱、抗黄矮、白粉病等;细胞学分析发现加倍单倍体(H_1)植株减数分裂染色体配对出现环形四价体、测交检测发现棒状二价体增加,初步鉴定选择出小麦与多枝赖草的纯合易位系。进一步利用现代分子生物学技术,进行分子标记、染色体原位杂交,结果表明材料中有外源(多枝赖草)染色体片段的存在。RFLP分析结果不仅证实外源基因的存在,而且初步实现了外源染色体片段的定位。RAPD分析结果,筛选出22个在多枝赖草与普通小麦间有多态性的引物,可以用来对多枝赖草的杂交后代进行分析。所鉴定的三个后代材料中,均扩增出了多枝赖草的同源特性征带,其中“82”2条、“87”2条、“116”6条。进一步说明这些材料中含有多枝赖草的染色体片段。从分子水平上分析证实已将多枝赖草的染色体片段或基因导入普通小麦,获得了纯合易位系。结合综合农艺性状调查、小区产量比较试验以及田间筛选试验等方面的工作,从中筛选鉴定出了一批既有外源基因(如抗黄矮病、抗旱、耐盐等)导人,且农艺性状好的小麦易位系新种质。同时,结合以往的研究工作,建立起一套小麦属间杂种通过花药培养快速获得纯合易位系的技术体系和相应的操作程序。

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水母雪莲(Saussurea medusa Maxim)为菊科凤毛菊属植物,是名贵中药材,其主要活性成分为黄酮类化合物。为解决雪莲资源匮乏,本文开展了利用水母雪莲毛状根培养生产黄酮类活性成分的研究。 在1/2MS液体培养基上研究了不同理化因子对水母雪莲毛状根生长和黄酮类化合物生物合成的影响。实验结果表明:氮源总浓度(包括NH4+和NO3-)为30 mmol/L;NH4+/NO3-比例为5:25;2 %蔗糖和3 %葡萄糖组合;0.5 mg/L GA3和0.5 mg/L IBA;pH 5.8;18 h/d的光照(光强为3500 Lux);24℃;摇床转速为100 rpm的条件有利于毛状根生长及黄酮类化合物的生物合成。在此培养条件下,经过21 d的培养毛状根生长量达到12.8 g/L(DW),黄酮类化合物合成量为1922 mg/L,即黄酮类化合物含量占毛状根干重的15 %,约为野生水母雪莲植株干重黄酮类化合物含量的25倍。 用MJ和SA两种诱导子分别处理水母雪莲的毛状根,适宜条件下它们均能使毛状根中黄酮类化合物的产量得到提高。实验发现,在水母雪莲毛状根培养过程中,MJ抑制其生长,但提高了黄酮类化合物在毛状根中的百分含量;SA降低了黄酮类化合物在毛状根中的百分含量,但促进其生长。诱导子的作用效果与诱导子的浓度和添加时间有关。在延迟期后期添加浓度为0.02 mmol/L的MJ时黄酮类化合物产量达到 849 mg/L,比对照(633 mg/L)提高34.1 %;在指数生长期中期添加浓度为0.03 mmol/L的SA时,黄酮类化合物产量达到968 mg/L,比对照(633 mg/L)提高52.9 %。在指数生长期前期同时添加浓度为0.02 mmol/L的MJ 和0.03 mmol/L的SA,黄酮类化合物的产量为1125 mg/L,比对照(633 mg/L)提高77.7 %。 另外采取热水、碱提取,乙醇沉淀获得水母雪莲毛状根多糖。进一步用α-萘酚—浓硫酸法进行定性、定量分析,测得水母雪莲毛状根中水溶性多糖与碱溶性多糖的含量分别为2.453 %和3.391 % 。

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国家自然科学基金(项目编号:39870123)