西安附近苹果林地的土壤干层

IEECAS SKLLQG

城市森林发展战略与生态规划

<正>1城市森林的概念及研究内容 1.1城市森林的提出及概念 城市森林这一概念的提出已有 30余历史,1962年,美国肯尼迪政 府在户外娱乐资源调查报告中,首 次使用“城市森林”这一名词。自 1965年加拿大Erik Jorgensen教授提 出城市林业概念以来,城市林业与 城市森林先后在北美、欧洲乃至全 球掀起了研究热潮。

科尔沁沙地典型人工植被区土壤水分动态研究

半干旱沙区土壤水分对植物的成活与持续生长具有重要作用。通过对不同植物种类区土壤水分的动态监测分析表明,不同植物种类对土壤水分的影响存在显著差别;不同地下水位埋深对植被区的土壤水分状况产生重要影响,地下水埋深浅的区土壤水分长期维持较高的状态,能够满足植物生长的需求;沙丘区地下水位深,土壤水分主要依靠降水的补充,固沙植物的生长明显降低了有效土壤水分供给量,多数植物受到水分胁迫的影响。在半干旱沙丘区建立人工植被过程中,应该依照土壤水分状况配置植物种类和栽植密度,以土壤水分状况决定植物分布。地下水位较高区可栽植密度大的乔木或草本植物,而在沙丘区则一定依照降水量栽植适宜的植物和合理的栽植密度,以保证植物的长期稳定生存生长。

辽河三角洲农业生态环境建设对策——综合防护林体系建设研究(Ⅱ)

<正> 3 综合防护林体系布局与配置 辽河三角洲综合防护林体系建设是调整该区农业生态结构的一项重大战略措施,将保证三角洲高效开发能力,杜绝或减轻开发活动对环境要素各种不良影响。防护林体系

Preparation and properties of conductive polyaniline/poly-omega-aminoundecanoyle fibers

Historically, polyaniline (PANI) had been considered an intractable material, but it can be dissolved in some solvents. Therefore, it could be processed into films or fibers. A process of preparing a blend of conductive fibers of PANI/poly-omega-aminoun-decanoyle (PA11) is described in this paper. PANI in the emeraldine base was blended with PA11 in concentrated sulfuric acid (c-H,SO,) to form a spinning dope solution. This solution was used to spin conductive PANI/PA11 fibers by wet-spinning technology. As-spun fibers were obtained by spinning the dopes into coagulation bath water or diluted acid and drawn fibers were obtained by drawing the as-spun fibers in warm drawing bath water. A scanning electron microscope was employed to study the effect of the acid concentration in the coagulation bath on the microstructure of as-spun fibers. The results showed that the coagulating rate of as-spun fibers was reduced and the size of pore shrank with an increase in the acid concentration in the coagulation bath. The weight fraction of PANI in the dope solution also had an influence on the microstructure of as-spun fibers. The microstructure of as-spun fibers had an influence on the drawing process and on the mechanical properties of the drawn fibers. Meanwhile, the electrically conductive property of the drawn fibers with different percentage of PANI was measured.

Synthesis and structure of molybdenum-citrato cluster mu(2)-S bridge

A new molybdenum-citrato cluster containing [Mo2O2(mu-S)(2)(C6H5O7)(C6H4O7)](5-) anion was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis spectra, XPS and X-ray diffraction. The parameters of the crystal structure of the compound are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, a = 2. 376 6(5) nm, b = 1. 327 4(3) nm, c = 2. 247 1(5) nm, beta = 118. 21 degrees, V = 6. 247(2) nm(3), Z = 8, D-c = 2. 128 g/cm(3), F(000) = 3 984, mu = 1 694 cm(-1), R = 0. 083 1 and R-2,R-w = 0. 154 9. The anion is binuclear molybdenum-citrato complex with mu(2)-S bridge. Each molybdenum atom pocesesses a distorted octahedral struture, which is coordinated with a terminal oxygen, two sulfur atoms, three oxygen atoms of hydroxyl, alpha-carboxylate, beta-carboxylate from citrate.

含柠檬酸配体的钼硫簇合物的合成与晶体结构的测定

合成了含有Mo—S簇阴离子 [Mo2 O2 ( μ S) 2 (C6H5O7) (C6H4 O7) ]5-柠檬酸簇合物 ,并通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外 可见光谱和X射线光电子能谱对配合物进行了表征 ,用X射线衍射法测定了该化合物的晶体结构 .结果表明 ,该簇合物属于单斜晶系 ,空间群P2 1/c,a =2 3 766( 5)nm ,b =1 3 2 74 ( 3 )nm ,c =2 2 4 71 ( 5)nm ,α=γ =90°,β=1 1 8 2 1°,V =6 2 4 7( 2 )nm3 ,Z =8,一致性因子R =0 0 83 1 ,R2 ,w=0 1 536.该簇合物阴离子中每一个Mo原子都采取扭曲的八面体结构 ,柠檬酸通过羟基、α 羧基、一个 β 羧基与Mo配位 .晶体结构表明在一个结晶学上不对称的结构单元内有两个结晶学上独立的分子.

DSP等赤潮藻毒素对哺乳类细胞的毒性效应及机制研究

本文研究了腹泻性贝毒的主要组分大田软海绵酸以及几株重要赤潮藻的提取物对四株哺乳类细胞的毒性效应，并探讨了应用细胞毒性检测方法作为赤潮藻毒素毒性检测常规方法的可能性。 结果发现：OA和利玛原甲藻提取物显著地抑制四株细胞的增殖并诱导四株细胞发生凋亡；四株细胞对毒素的敏感性存在一定的差异，人肝癌细胞和小鼠神经瘤细胞较敏感，其次分别为人肝细胞和小鼠皮肤细胞。 小鼠神经瘤细胞对OA反应敏感，细胞毒性检测指标及检测方法灵敏、快速，应用小鼠神经瘤细胞Neuro-2a进行的DSP毒素细胞毒性测试方法具有发展为该类毒素毒性监测常规方法的潜能。 米氏凯伦藻内存在抑制细胞增殖的毒性物质，且该物质是一种具有一定极性的脂溶性物质；该物质能够导致细胞肿胀、破裂，并诱导细胞发生脂质过氧化，导致脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的积累。 相关亚历山大藻的去藻过滤液内存在抑制细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡的毒性物质，该毒性物质的分子量＞5K，这与本实验室以往的研究结果一致。 　　总之，通过我们的研究发现：DSP等赤潮藻毒素或毒性物质对哺乳类细胞存在毒性影响，且不同毒素的危害机制存在差异，赤潮藻毒素或赤潮藻产生的一些毒性物质威胁人类的健康，应引起我们的高度关注。

Investigation of Extration Method for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins in Shellfish

Me optimal conditions were established for the extraction of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins from gonad of Chlamys nobills using acetic acid and hydrochloric acid in the concentration range of 0.04-1.0 mol/L. A 10-g portion of gonad of Chlamys nobilis was extracted by boiling for 5 min with 1.0 mL acetic acid and hydrochloric acid in a 50-mL beaker. Meanwhile, a portion of gonad of Chlamys nobilis was extracted by sonication in the solution of 0.3 mol/L HAc + 0.2 mol/L HCl for a total period of 5-30 min. The raw extract was centrifuged at 3500 r/min for 5 min and the pH of supernatant was adjusted from 2.0 to 4.0 by 0.1 mol/L NaOH or 5 mol/L HCL After passing through a Millipore ultrafiltration membrane (10000 MW cut-off), ultrafiltrate was then analyzed by HPLC. The results showed that hydrochloric acid in the concentration range of 0.25-1.0 mol/L caused a significant decrease of N-sulfocarbarnoyl-11-hydroxysulfate toxin C1 (C1), C2 and gonyautoxin 5 (GTX5) and the concomitant increase of GTX2,3. However, the amount of the three unstable toxins did not show any change using the extraction with acetic acid. Under the same concentration of acetic acid (0.3 mol/L) and hydrochloric acid (0.2 mol/L), the amount of C1 in the ultrasonic extraction was obviously lower than the boiling one, while C2 showed slightly higher than the latter.

中国赖草属（禾本科）一新种——贫穗赖草

报道了中国西部赖草属一新种——贫穗赖草。该种相似于若羌赖草和广叉赖草，但它不同于前者在于穗状花序的中部或下部具孪生小穗，外稃披针形、无毛，具1．0～1．5mm长的短尖头，内稃短于外稃1．0～1．5mm，沿上部脊疏生小刺，叶鞘无毛，具非膜质边缘；不同于后者在于秆较高，叶片内卷，穗状花序稀疏、狭窄，小穗较短，颖较长，外稃披针形、较长，具5条不明显的脉。

秦艽植物的引种栽培方法

本发明涉及一种秦艽植物引种栽培方法，该方法包括种子处理技术、人工育苗技术和引种栽培技术；本发明通过对种子进行物理和化学处理，植物种子的萌发率达70％以上；通过人工育苗途径，可根据种苗数量和季节需要，有效地提供优质种苗；通过在海拔1500—4300米的原产地直播或人工育苗移栽的途径，可快速恢复高原野生秦艽植物的资源量，并有效地保证高原野生植物的药材品质和药效成分。

单程波算子空间-波数域可分近似方法研究

In the petroleum exploration industry, it is very important to simulate the evolvement of wave field beneath our earth in the aspects of time and space quickly and effectively. Because of the huge data size in petroleum exploration and also the strict requirement of time limit in the actual process of production, simplification of models and approximation of algorithm are necessary. At the same time, every fine improvement to algorithm has its great practical significance and use value. Based on the reasons above, this dissertation researches the separable approximation methods of space-wave number domain for One-way Wave Operator and gets the conclusions as follow: 1. It is insufficient to value One-way Wave Operator purely from the mathematical modulus and phase error, while, holding some specific structural character of operator should be more important. Because, the evaluation criterion of One-way Wave Operator’s imaging ability is quite complicate and obscured, which is similar to the evaluation of an artwork. 2. We can not search for a best or most effective One-way Wave Operator approximation solution for all. However, to different speed model and precision requirement the best approximation solution does exist which is maybe also a compromise, because it is very beneficial to One-way Wave Operator to take full advantage of speed model’s pre-tested information.