Energy conversions and storage caused by an unsteady poloidal flow in active solar regions

In this paper we discuss coupling processes between a magnetic field and an unsteady plasma motion, and analyze the features of energy storage and conversions in active region. It is pointed out that the static force-free field is insufficient for a discussion of storage processes, and also the pure unsteady plasma rotation is not a perfect approach. In order to analyze the energy storage, we must consider the addition of poloidal plasma motion. The paper shows that because the unsteady poloidal flow is added and coupling occurs between the magnetic field and both the toroidal and the poloidal plasma flows, an unsteady process is maintained which changes the force-free factor with time. Hence, the energy in the lower levels can be transferred to the upper levels, and a considerable energy can be stored in the active region. Finally, another storage process is given which is due to the pure poloidal flow. The article shows that even if there is no twisted magnetic line of force, the energy in the lower levels may still be transferred to the upper levels and stored there.

“十一五”水动力学发展规划的建议

水动力学是流体力学的一个重要分支，有着悠久的研究与发展历史，形成了比较完整的学科体系．进入21世纪以来，资源开发、环境保护、国家安全已成为世界各国普遍关注的战略问题．我国的海防建设、海洋资源开发与海洋空间利用、海岸带综合规划和水环境保护、水资源开发与利用等为水动力学研究提出了新的迫切需求．本文阐述了水动力学研究的国家需求、国内外水动力学研究的现状和发展趋势，提出了近期有待研究的主要科学问题．

Occurrence of spanning of a submarine pipeline with initial embedment

For better understanding the mechanism of the occurrence of pipeline span for a pipeline with initial embedment, physical and numerical methods are adopted in this study. Experimental observations show that there often exist three characteristic phases in the process of the partially embedded pipeline being suspended: (a) local scour around pipe; (b) onset of soil erosion beneath pipe; and (c) complete suspension of pipe. The effects of local scour on the onset of soil erosion beneath the pipe are much less than those of soil seepage failure induced by the pressure drop. Based on the above observations and analyses, the mechanism of the occurrence of pipeline spanning is analyzed numerically in view of soil seepage failure. In the numerical analyses, the current-induced pressure along the soil surface in the vicinity of the pipe (i.e. the pressure drop) is firstly obtained by solving the N-S equations, thereafter the seepage flow in the soil is calculated with the obtained pressure drop as the boundary conditions along the soil surface. Numerical results indicate that the seepage failure (or piping) may occur at the exit of the seepage path when the pressure gradient gets larger than the critical value. The numerical treatment provides a practical tool for evaluating the potentials for the occurrence of pipe span due to the soil seepage failure.

Adiabatic shear localization: occurrence, theories, and applications

郭永怀先生诞辰九十周年纪念文集

目录

燃烧物理学基础

整合素-ICAM-1相互作用的二维反应动力学研究

国家自然科学基金项目(30730032)

Diffraction integral formulas of the pulsed wave field in the temporal domain

To resolve the diffraction problems of the pulsed wave field directly in the temporal domain, we extend the Rayleigh diffraction integrals to the temporal domain and then discuss the approximation condition of this diffraction formula. (C) 1997 Optical Society of America.

周期性极化铌酸锂晶体中半非共线型宽带光学参变放大理论研究

基于周期性极化铌酸锂晶体(PPLN)的准相位匹配光参变放大过程,通过倾斜周期极化铌酸锂晶体中极化域(极化光栅)一定角度,实现了介于共线匹配方式和非共线匹配方式之间的一种半非共线型准相位匹配方式,并以该匹配方式下的各光矢量几何关系得出相位匹配曲线,找到在特定抽运光和信号光波长下能获得宽带增益放大的周期极化长度。并研究其极化倾斜角度与温度特性。模拟计算表明,在合适的角度与温度条件下,该方式可以532 nm抽运光抽运的信号光在800 nm和1064 nm处均获得宽带光参变放大。

Measurement of the wavefront of a laser diode system for intersatellite communication by a Jamin double-shearing interferometer

The frame of a laser diode transmitter for intersatellite communication is concisely introduced. A simple, novel and visual method for measuring the diffraction-limited wavefront of the transmitter by a Jamin double-shearing interferometer is proposed. To verify the validity of the measurement, the far-field divergence of beam is additionally rigorously analysed in terms of the Fraunhofer diffraction. The measurement, the necessary analyses and discussion are given in detail. By directly measuring the fringe widths and quantitatively interpreting the interference fringes, the minimum detectable wavefront height (DWH) of the wavefront is only 0.2 gimel (the distance between the perfect plane wavefront and the actual wavefront at the transmitting aperture) and the corresponding divergence is only 65.84 mu rad. This indicates that the wavefront approaches the diffraction-limited condition. The results show that this interferometer is a powerful tool for testing the semiconductor laser beam's wavefront, especially the diffraction-limited wavefront.

宽光束进入展宽器提高输出脉冲对比度分析

根据分析啁啾脉冲对比度模型,通过光线追迹法详细分析了展宽器对输出脉冲对比度的影响.发现当扩大进入展宽器的入射光束口径,从2mm扩大到40mm时,输出脉冲的对比度提高了近两个数量级;同时发现在相同条件下,当输入脉冲为双曲正割函数时,其输出脉冲的对比度明显好于输入脉冲为高斯脉冲和矩形脉冲的情形。

激光多普勒振动计用于水下声光通信

介绍了激光多普勒振动计(LDV)用于水下声光通信的应用背景,阐述了激光多普勒振动计的工作原理和两种相干检测方式。采用零差的相干探测方式,设计并实现了一套光纤结构的激光多普勒振动计。为了证明系统能够应用于水下声光通信,进行了对水下声源发出的声波频率和强度的探测实验。通过对实验数据的分析得出：第一,系统能够检测出水下声源发出的声波频率,对7 kHz附近的10个声波频率的测量标准偏差小于8 Hz; 第二,系统探测信号强度与水下声源发声的声压级成指数关系,对于水下目标通信所用的3.5 kHz和7 kHz声波频段的

Preparation and optical properties of Ag/PPy composite colloids

Ag/PPy (polypyrrole) composite colloids were prepared through the reaction of silver nitrate with pyrrole solution in DNIF either in the dark, or under the irradiation of femtosecond laser (fs) pulse or UV lamp. The UV-vis spectra of the nanocomposite colloid display an intense absorption band around 620 nm, accompanied by a weak one around 470 nm. The colors and optical absorption spectra of as-synthesized colloids can be reversibly tuned between blue and red, corresponding to absorption band of 620 urn and 526 urn, within few seconds by adding base and acid solutions or gases in turn into the composite colloid suspension. In addition, excess of H+ solution enhanced the absorption band around 470 nm and, at the same time, depressed that around 620 nm. The possible mechanism for the formation and optical absorption properties of the Ag/PPy composite colloid was proposed. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Physical and thermal properties of P2O5-Al2O3-BaO-La2O3 glasses

The physical and thermal properties Of P2O5-Al2O3-BaO-La2O3 glasses were investigated. The effects of glass compositions on the transition temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, density, hardness and refractive index of glasses were studied. The highest hardness of the glasses is 4143.891 MPa and the lowest thermal expansion coefficient of the glasses is 71.770 x 10(-7)/° C. A phosphate glass with high mechanical strength and good thermal characteristic is obtained.