Thermodynamic properties of ethanol and gasoline blended fuel

The heat capacities (C-p) of five types of gasohol (50 wt % ethanol and 50 wt % unleaded gasoline 93(#) (E50), 60 wt % ethanol and 40 wt % unleaded gasoline 93(#) (E60), 70 wt % ethanol and 30 wt % unleaded gasoline 93(#) (E70), 80 wt % ethanol and 20 wt % unleaded gasoline 93(#) (E80), and 90 wt % ethanol and 10 wt % unleaded gasoline 93(#) (E90), where the "93" denotes the octane number) were measured by adiabatic calorimetry in the temperature range of 78-320 K. A glass transition was observed at 95.61, 96.14, 96.56, 96.84, and 97.08 K for samples from the E50, E60, E70, E80, and E90 systems, respectively. A liquid-solid phase transition and a solid-liquid phase transition were observed in the respective temperature ranges of 118-153 and 155-163 K for E50, 117-150 and 151-164 K for E60, 115-154 and 154-166 K for E70, 113-152 and 152-167 K for E80, and 112-151 and 1581-167 K for E90. The polynomial equations of Cp and the excess heat capacities (C-p(E)), with respect to the thermodynamic temperature, were established through least-squares fitting. Based on the thermodynamic relationship and the equations obtained, the thermodynamic functions and the excess thermodynamic functions of the five gasohol samples were derived.