EQCM characterization of self-assembled kinetics of 4-pyridyl hydroquinone at Pt surface and its ion transfer in electrochemical redox

The adsorbed kinetics, proton transportation in electrochemical redox process of 4-pyridyl hydroquinone (4PHQ) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) modified Pt electrode were studied by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) in situ. It proved that the electrode was modified by a monolayer and underwent a rapid electron transfer. It was a slow adsorbed kinetic process. The ion transfer in the electrochemical redox at the SAM-modified electrode surface mainly involved into the hydrate hydrogen ion.

Computer perception of topological symmetry by all-paths algorithm

During the development of our ESESOC system (Expert System for the Elucidation of the Structures of Organic Compounds), computer perception of topological symmetry is essential in searching for the canonical description of a molecular structure, removing the irredundant connections in the structure generation process, and specifying the number of peaks in C-13- and H-1-NMR spectra in the structure evaluation process. In the present paper, a new path identifier is introduced and an algorithm for detection of topological symmetry from a connection table is developed by the all-paths method. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Reactivity of Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts for partial oxidation of methane to syngas

The ceria modified Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts were studied in the partial oxidation of methane to syngas. The SEM, XRD, TPR and TPD techniques were used for the catalyst characterization. The addition of ceria could enhance the Pt dispersion and decrease the Pt crystallise size; the activity and selectivity of catalyst for partial oxidation were improved significantly, and the methane total oxidation was suppressed sharply. The ceria effect was also discussed in a detailed way.

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Pt-Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst

The catalytic partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Ni/Al2O3, Pt/Al2O3 and a series of Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts was investigated. It was found that Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts exhibit higher activity and stability than Ni/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3. TPR and TPD methods were used to characterize Pt - Ni bimetallic interactions in the catalysts. A series of Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts and unsupported Pt - Ni samples were studied by XRD and XPS. It was found the formation of Pt - Ni alloy in the Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts and the enrichment of platinum on the surface of the catalysts. It is concluded that the higher activity and stability of Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts were caused by Pt - Ni bimetallic interactions.

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Pt/A(2)O(3) and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3

The catalytic oxidation of methane to syngas has been carried out over Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3. It was found that the catalysts with ceria exhibit a higher activity and selectivity than those without ceria. The catalysts were characterized by means of TPR, TPD, SEM-EDX and XRD. There is a strong interaction between ceria and platinum under the reaction condition, which increase the dispersion of platinum over catalysts, preventing the sinter of the Pt particles. As a result of the synergistic;effect between Pt and ceria, the activity of Pt/Al2O3 for combustion reaction was suppressed, the activity and selectivity :For partial oxidation were improved greatly. Another role of ceria in the catalyst is the enhancing of the WGSR, which leads to the increase of the selectivity of catalyst for hydrogen and accelerating the equilibrium of the reaction.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol at the titanium oxide electrode modified with Pt microparticles

The electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol at the Titanium oxide (TiOx, x<2) film modified with Pt microparticles has been studied. The results show that the modified electrodes exhibit a significant electrocatalytic activity and good stability for the oxidation of methanol. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current density at 0.58 V for the oxidation of methanol in the positive-going sweep is about 526 mA/cm(2) at the scan rate of 5 mV/s in 0.5 mol/L CH3OH and 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution and the over potential of the methanol oxidation at the modified electrode increases about 30 similar to 40 mV after 70 minutes at the current density of 100 mA/cm(2) and 50 mA/cm(2). The enhanced electrocatalytic activity and good stability are ascribed to the high dispersion of Pt microparticles in and on the TiOx film and the synergistic effect between Pt microparticles and TiOx.

燃料电池Pt-Mn/C-Nafion膜氧电极的研究

目前,聚合物电解质膜燃料电池和直接甲醇燃料电池的氧电极基本上都用Pt/C作为电催化剂。当铂的载量较多时,氧还原的催化活性较高,但电池成本很贵。铂的载量较少时,氧还原反应的速度较慢,因而限制了燃料电池的性能。为了提高氧还原电催化剂的活性,减少铂的用量,降低成本,近年来对碳载铂的二元

Pt/Al_2O_3和Pt/CeO_2/Al_2O_3催化甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应

研究了Ｐｔ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｐｔ／ＣｅＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３对甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应的催化活性，发现Ｐｔ／ＣｅＯ２／Ａｌ２Ｏ３显示了更高的甲烷转化率和合成气选择性．用Ｈ２－ＴＰＲ、Ｈ２－ＴＰＤ、ＳＥＭ－ＥＤＸ和ＸＲＤ等技术对催化剂进行了表征．ＣｅＯ２和Ｐｔ相互作用促进Ｐｔ在催化剂表面的分散，抑制Ｐｔ在催化剂表面的迁移；降低了催化剂的燃烧活性，提高了催化剂的部分氧化活性和选择性，可避免因催化剂床层局部温度过高而导致催化剂活性下降或失活，提高了催化剂的稳定性．同时，ＣｅＯ２通过促进水汽变换反应使反应体系迅速达到平衡，提高了催化剂对Ｈ２的选择性.

甲烷部分氧化制合成气Pt-Ni/Al_2O_3催化剂的研究

研究了Ni/Al_2O_3,Pt/Al_2O_3和一系列Pt-Ni/Al_2O_3催化剂对甲烷部分氧化制合成气的催化作用,发现Pt-Ni/Al_2O_3催化剂显示了比Ni/Al_2O_3和Pt/Al_2O_3更高的活性和稳定性.H_2-TPR,CO-TPD,CO_2-TPD,SEM,XPS和XRD等结果证明:Pt和Ni之间存在较强的相互作用,Pt和部分Ni形成固溶体合金并且Pt在催化剂表面富集.Pt和Ni之间的相互作用提高了催化剂的活性和稳定性,甲烷在Pt-Ni/Al_2O_3上的催化部分氧化具有不同于在Pt/Al_2O_3和Ni/Al_2O_3上的反应性能.

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol on Polythionine Film Modified with Pt Microparticles

The electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on polythionine(PTn) film modified with Pt microparticles has been studied by means of cyclic voltammetry and in-situ FTIR spectroscopy. The Pt microparticles produced by cyclic voltammetry were highly dispersed in and on the PTn film. The modified electrodes exhibit significant electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methano and the catalytic activity was found in dependence on the Pt loading. The linearly adsorbed CO species is the only intermediate in the oxidation of methanol and the abnormal IR spectra for adsorbed CO were observed. On such modified electrodes, adsorbed CO species derived from methanol can be readily oxidized. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity may be ascribed to the high dispersion of Pt microparticles in and on the PTn film and the synergestic effect between Pt microparticles and the polymer. From the above results, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed.

Study on computer perception of topological symmetry

A new algorithm for computer perception of topological symmetry is proposed. A node library containing various kinds of nodes is built, and the index number of the library is used as initial atom class identifier (CI) to discriminate the different types of non-hydrogen atoms. The path index (PI) and ringindex (RI) are calculated from the CI, and the global topological enviroment is defined as the sum of PIs and RIs. The topological symmetry can be detected by the iterative calculation of the global topological enviroment.

Determination of isoniazid and hydrazine by capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection at a Pt-particle modified carbon fiber microelectrode

Capillary electrophoresis (CE)/electrochemical detection (EC) for the simultaneous determination of hydrazine and isoniazid has been developed. The electrochemical method uses a novel modified electrode dispersed with ultrafine platinum particles on the surface of a 30 mu m carbon fiber microelectrode. The unique characteristic of the Pt-particles modified carbon fiber microelectrode is its excellent stability. The current measurement for hydrazine is more sensitive than that of isoniazid. Selective determination of trace amount of free hydrazine in isoniazid and its formulation can be achieved at applied potential of 0.5 V.

STRUCTURE AND SITE-SYMMETRY INVESTIGATION ON THE HEXAGONAL KCAY(PO4)(2)

A new double phosphate, KCaY(PO4)(2), isostructural with hexagonal LaPO4, is reported. It crystallizes in the hexagonal system with a = 0.6903 nm and c = 0.6331 nm. Its vibrational spectra, IR and Raman spectra showed that the site symmetry of the PO4 anion slightly deviated from D-2 toward C-2.

Pt／C－SPE和PtRu／C－SPE膜电极上甲醇的催化氧化

采用化学还原法制得直接甲醇燃料电池中甲醇阳极氧化的Ｐｔ／Ｃ和ＰｔＲｕ／Ｃ催化剂．结果表明后者比前者具有更高的催化活性．通过ＸＲＤ和ＸＰＳ的分析，阐明了Ｒｕ对提高甲醇电催化氧化活性的作用．