1064nm与532nm激光对电子束蒸发制备的HfO2／SiO2高反膜损伤比较

研究了电子束蒸发制备的HfO2／SiO2高反膜在1064nm与532nm激光辐照下的损伤行为。基频激光辐照时损伤形貌主要为节瘤缺陷喷溅留下的锥形坑。当能量密度较大时出现分层剥落；二倍频激光损伤主要是由电子缺陷引起的平底坑，辐照脉冲能量密度稍高时也会产生吸收性缺陷引起的锥形坑，但电子缺陷的损伤阈值更低；随着辐照脉冲能量密度的增大分层剥落逐渐成为主要的损伤形貌。分析认为，辐照激光波长的变化。引起吸收机制的变化从而导致了损伤阈值及损伤机制的差异。

单脉冲飞秒脉冲激光对单层和高反光学薄膜的损伤

用电子柬蒸发的方法在BK7玻璃上制备了ZrO2单层膜和ZrO2／SiO2高反膜，利用掺Ti：sapphire飞秒激光系统输出的中心波长为800nm，脉宽为50fs的激光脉冲对这两种样品进行了激光损伤阈值测试．实验结果表明，ZrO2单层膜的阂值比ZrO2／SiO2高反膜的高；这与传统的纳秒脉冲激光的损伤情况相反．利用光离化和碰撞离化激发电子到导带，形成电子等离子体基本模型并对此现象进行了解释．同时，用显微镜对样品的损伤形貌进行了观测，对损伤的特点进行了表征．

Working pressure dependence of properties of Al2O3 thin films prepared by electron beam evaporation

The effects of working pressure on properties of Al2O3 thin films are investigated. Transmittance of the Al2O3 thin film is measured by a Lambda 900 spectrometer. Laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) is measured by a Nd:YAG laser at 355nm with a pulse width of 7ns. Microdefects were observed under a Nomarski microscope. The samples are characterized by optical properties and defect, as well as LIDT under the 355 nm Nd: YAG laser radiation. It is found that the working pressure has fundamental effect on the LIDT. It is the absorption rather than the microdefect that plays an important role on the LID T of Al2O3 thin film.

引入过渡层提高介质减反膜的抗激光损伤阈值

提出了一种用于提高介质减反膜的损伤阈值的新的方法，在H2.5L (H:HfO2, L:SiO2)的膜层与基底之间引入4个1/4光学厚度的SiO2薄膜，发现抗激光损伤阈值提高了50%，并且保持1064nm处的反射率低于0.09%。本文分析了造成这一提高的机制，一定厚度的氧化硅过渡层的引入是一种提高介质减反膜的损伤阈值的灵活有效的方法。

吸收杂质热辐射诱导光学薄膜破坏的热力机制

光学元件的破坏是限制高功率激光系统发展的主要问题,理解光学元件的破坏机制对于高功率激光系统的设计、运行参量选择以及器件技术发展有重要影响。以热辐射模型为基础研究了杂质吸收诱导光学薄膜破坏的热力过程。研究发现薄膜发生初始破坏所需时间很短,脉冲的大部分时间是引起薄膜发生更大的破坏。在考虑吸收杂质发生相变的情况下,计算了吸收杂质汽化对薄膜产生的蒸汽压力,论证了薄膜发生宏观破坏的可能性。此模型能很好地解释光学薄膜的平底坑破坏形貌。

SiO2保护层和退火对Ta2O5薄膜激光损伤阈值影响的对比研究

Ta2O5薄膜采用传统的电子束蒸发方法沉积在BK7基底上。文中对SiO2保护层和退火对Ta2O5薄膜的激光损伤阈值的不同影响进行了研究。结果表明，SiO2保护层不会影响薄膜内的电场分布，薄膜微结构和微缺陷密度，但是会使薄膜的吸收稍微增大；而退火对降低薄膜的微缺陷密度和吸收较有效。SiO2保护层和退火都有利于提高Ta2O5薄膜的抗激光损伤能力，并且退火对提高阈值的影响更为明显。此外，采用SiO2保护层和退火结合的方法，获得了具有最大激光损伤阈值的薄膜。

不同方法制备的Ta_2O_5薄膜光学性能和激光损伤阈值的对比分析

采用电子束蒸发(EBE)和离子束溅射(IBS)制备了不同的Ta_2O_5薄膜,同时对电子束蒸发制备的薄膜进行了退火处理。研究了制备的Ta_2O_5薄膜的光学性能、激光损伤阈值(LIDT)、吸收、散射、粗糙度、微缺陷密度和杂质含量。结果表明,退火可使电子束蒸发制备的薄膜的光学性能得到改善,接近离子束溅射的薄膜的光学性能。电子束蒸发制备的薄膜的损伤阈值较低的主要原因在于吸收大,微缺陷密度和杂质含量高,而与薄膜的散射和粗糙度关系不大。退火后薄膜的吸收和微缺陷密度都明显降低,损伤阈值得到提高。退火后的薄膜损伤阈值仍然低于溅射得到的薄膜损伤阈值是因为退火并不能降低膜内的杂质含量,因此选用高纯度的蒸发膜料和减少电子束蒸发过程中的污染有可能进一步提高薄膜的损伤阈值。

Broadband external cavity tunable quantum dot lasers with low injection current density

Broadband grating-coupled external cavity laser, based on InAs/GaAs quantum dots, is achieved. The device has a wavelength tuning range from 1141.6 nm to 1251.7 nm under a low continuous-wave injection current density (458 A/cm(2)). The tunable bandwidth covers consecutively the light emissions from both the ground state and the 1st excited state of quantum dots. The effects of cavity length and antireflection facet coating on device performance are studied. It is shown that antireflection facet coating expands the tuning bandwidth up to similar to 150 nm, accompanied by an evident increase in threshold current density, which is attributed to the reduced interaction between the light field and the quantum dots in the active region of the device.

纳秒激光诱导C60分子碎裂中轻碎片离子C+n(n＜30)的产生机理研究

The time of flight mass spectrometric technique was used to determine the initial mean kinetic energy of small fragment ions C-n(+) (n <= 11) produced from C-60 excited by 532 nm nanosecond laser pulses. The measured kinetic energy shows little variation with the fragment mass and the laser fluence in a broad range. Based on the assumption that C-30(+) is produced predominantly by a single electron emission followed by successive C-2 evaporation from hot C-60 in the nanosecond laser field, the formation of small fragments is interpreted as the complete breakup of the unstable C-30(+) cage structure. The interpretation is consistent with the previously observed results.

Determination of SARS-coronavirus by a microfluidic chip system

We have developed a new experimental system based on a microfluidic chip to determine severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-Cov). The system includes a laser-induced fluorescence microfluidic chip analyzer, a glass microchip for both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis, a chip thermal cycler based on dual Peltier thermoelectric elements, a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS diagnostic kit, and a DNA electrophoretic sizing kit. The system allows efficient cDNA amplification of SARS-CoV followed by electrophoretic sizing and detection on the same chip. To enhance the reliability of RT-PCR on SARS-CoV detection, duplex PCR was developed on the microchip. The assay was carried out on a home-made microfluidic chip system. The positive and the negative control were cDNA fragments of SARS-CoV and parainfluenza virus, respectively. The test results showed that 17 positive samples were obtained among 18 samples of nasopharyngeal swabs from clinically diagnosed SARS patients. However, 12 positive results from the same 18 samples were obtained by the conventional RT-PCR with agarose gel electrophoresis detection. The SARS virus species can be analyzed with high positive rate and rapidity on the microfluidic chip system.

A novel form of carbon micro-balls from coal

A novel form of ball-like carbon material with its size in micrometer range was prepared from coal with nickel as catalyst by arc plasma method. The carbon material has been systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet laser Raman spectroscopy. The SEM observation shows that the novel carbon material exists in various forms such as individual balls, net-like and plate-like forms, all of which have a quite smooth surface. The diameters of these carbon spheres are quite uniform and in a narrow range of 10-20 mum. The EDS analysis reveals that the ball-like carbon material contains more than 99.5% of carbon and a little amount of other elements such as nickel, silicon and aluminum, The XRD and UV-Raman results reveal that the novel carbon material is a kind of highly graphitized carbon. The growth mechanism of the ball-like carbon material was proposed and discussed in terms of arc plasma parameters and the chemical structure of coal-based carbon. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Photo- and Thermo-Chromic Study of the Ethylenediamine Trimolybdate

The ethylenediamine trimolybdate (ENTMo) can show unusually photochromic and thermochromic properties and there exists in the difference of chromic mechanisms, which has been proved in our previous work [I]. In this paper, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) of the colored samples are characterized and analyzed in detail. The crystal structure, the inorganic skeleton and the microenvironment of center ions of the colored samples do not substantively change except distortion. The color difference of the photochromic and the thermochromic samples is discussed and that the difference of reduction sites result in their different chromic mechanisms is suggested.

CE coupling with end-column electrochemiluminescence detection for chiral separation of disopyramide

CE with electrochemiluminescence, (ECL) detection technique was successfully applied for the chiral separation of a kind of class IA antiarrhythmic racemic drug. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of ECL detection used in chiral CE. To get better detection sensitivity and good enantioresolution at the same time, the conditions of capillary inlet and outlet buffer were systematically optimized. Unlike the traditional chiral separation method, the buffers we used in the capillary inlet and outlet differed from each other in terms of buffer pH, ionic strength, type of BGE as well as buffer composition. Under the optimum conditions, baseline enantioseparation and highly sensitive detection of the enantiomers were achieved. Wide linear relationship of each enantiomer was achieved in the range of 5 x 10(-7) to 2 x 10(-5) mol/L with relative coefficients of 0.996 and 0.997, respectively. The detection limits were estimated to be 8 x 10(-8) and 1.0 X 10(-7) mol/L (S/N = 3) for the enantiomers, respectively. In addition, a successful application of this new method to the chiral separation of the racemic drug in spiked plasma samples confirmed the validity and applicability of the chiral CE-ECL method.