松果采摘对长白山自然保护区红松天然更新的影响

在野外调查研究基础上 ,结合 2 0世纪 70年代未受干扰的红松天然林地面红松种子贮藏情况 ,分析了长白山自然保护区松果采摘后 ,红松林地面红松种源贮藏和分布变化 ,根据红松更新过程与动物的关系 ,探讨了松果采摘对红松更新条件的影响 .结果表明 ,松果采摘后 ,地面红松种子主要分布在地被物下层且大多呈单粒状分布 ,其贮藏量 1 5 82～ 2 6 4 0粒·hm-2 ,仅为 2 0世纪 70年代的 0 3%～ 0 5 % ,废种子比率 6 7 8%～ 86 2 % ,单粒状占总簇数的 4 6 8%～ 77 1 % ,对红松天然更新起重要作用的动物已减少或消失 ,表明松果采摘是长白山自然保护区红松天然更新的最大障碍之一 .

土地利用和气候变化对农牧过渡区生态系统生产力和碳循环的影响

气候和土地利用变化对陆地生态系统碳循环的影响是当前全球变化研究中的中心问题之一.近20a来中国的气候和土地利用发生了很大的变化,对陆地生态系统生产力和碳循环产生重要影响,尤其是在生态敏感的农牧过渡区.应用以遥感观测为基础的土地利用数据和高时空分辨率的气候数据驱动生态系统过程模型,估计土地利用和气候变化对农牧过渡区NPP(净初级生产力)、植被碳贮量、土壤呼吸和碳贮量以及NEP(净生态系统生产力)的影响.结果显示,20世纪80-90年代,农牧交错带由于气候变暖和降水减少导致NPP减少3.4％,土壤呼吸增加4.3％,每年NEP总量减少33.7×109kg.尽管植被和土壤碳贮量由于NPP仍然高于HR(土壤异氧呼吸)而有所增加,但NEP的下降表明气候变化削弱了生态系统的碳吸收能力,降低了碳贮量的增长速率.土地利用变化使所发生区域NPP增加3.8％,植被碳增加2.4％,每年NEP总量增加0.59×109kg.土地利用变化使生态系统碳吸收能力有所加强,但尚不足扭转由气候变化导致的下降趋势.土地利用变化对整个区域生产力和碳循环的影响比较小,但在它所发生地区的影响大于气候变化的影响.

Environmental controls over carbon exchange of three forest ecosystems in eastern China

National Natural Science Foundation of China [30590381, 30670384]; Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-YW-432]; National Key Research and Development Program [2002CB412501]; 'Hundred Talents' Program of the Chinese Acade

Mass transfer resistance in the production of high impact polypropylene

Mass transfer resistance in the production of high impact polypropylene (hiPP) produced by a two-stage slurry/gas polymerization was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. It is found that the formation of ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR) phases in polypropylene (iPP) particle produced in the first stage slurry polymerization exhibits a developing process from exterior to interior

Separation and detection of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride using electrochemiluminescence followed by capillary electrophoresis

Phenothiazine drugs, chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ) and promethazine hydrochloride (PMZ), were determined with Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) electrochemiluminescene by the capillary electrophoresis (CE-ECL). It was found that both CPZ and PMZ could produce an intermediate that acted as coreactants to react with Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) to produce excited states which were capable of emitting light. This CE-ECL detection method had high sensitivity, good selectivity and reproducibility for CPZ and PMZ determination.

Synthesis of novel star-like hyperbranched polymers with poly(amido amine) core and poly(L-lysine) shell

Hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s containing vinyl and hydroxyl groups were successfully synthesized via Michael addition polymerization of triacrylamide (TT) and 3-amino-1,2-propanediol (APD) with equal molar ratio in feed. H-1, C-13 and HSQC NMR techniques were used to clarify the structure of hyperbranched polymers and polymerization mechanism.

Synthesis and micellization of star-like hyperbranched polymer with poly(ethylene oxide) and Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) arms

Novel star-like hyperbranched polymers with amphiphilic arms were synthesized via three steps. Hyperbranched poly(amido amine)s containing secondary amine and hydroxyl groups were successfully synthesized via Michael addition polymerization of triacrylamide (TT) and 3-amino-1,2-propanediol (APD) with feed molar ratio of 1:2. H-1, C-13, and HSQC NMR techniques were used to clarify polymerization mechanism and the structures of the resultant hyperbranched polymers