A new family of Ce6MoO15 as fast oxide ion conductor

A novel solid solution Ce6MoO15 was achieved. Their structure and oxide ionic conductivity were studied. Based on Ce6MoO15, rare earth element substitution on cerium site shows that all resulting oxides enhance the conductivity further, and have high oxide-ion conductivity, which may be a kind of promising material for SOFCs.

Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of Ca2.6Nd0.4Co4O9 compound

The layered cobaltite Ca2.6Nd0.4Co4O9 was synthesized by the solid-state reaction. Their crystal structure was determined by the X-ray powder diffraction and CELL program. The prepared Ca2.6Nd0.4Co4O9 compound has the monoclinic symmetry. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient were measured from room temperature to 700 degreesC in air. Both the properties increase while rising temperature. The thermoelectric power of Ca2.6Nd0.4Co4O9 is about 242.4 muV (.) K-1. The results imply a promising way to enhance the thermoelectric properties of the layered cobaltite oxides by optimizing their composition and microstructure.

UV-vis spectrophotometric titrations and vibrational spectroscopic characterization of meso-(p-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrins

Sequentially spectrophotometric titrations by sodium hydroxide of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives bearing one, two, three, or four p-hydroxyl groups result in new types of spectra. The strong new bands appear in the visible region with splitting or broadening of the Soret band and its significant loss of oscillator strength. To understand the molecular origin of these phenomena, the Resonance Raman (RR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) experiments are carried out. The results demonstrate that the charges of the deprotonated para-hydroxy substituted meso-tetraphenylporphyrins are localized on the substituents, not delocalized into the pi system of the porphyrin macrocycles and that the ground states of the macrocycles remain essentially unperturbed. Both the related behavior of diprotonated tetrakis(p-(dimethylamino)phenyl) porphyrin and protonated Schiff base porphyrins show that the new bands considered as hyperporphyrin spectra are due to pi(phenoxide anion) --> pi*(porphyrin) transitions, where pi is an orbital on the phenoxide anion substitutent and pi* is a LUMO on the porphyrin.

Synthesis and luminescence properties of Gd2O3 : Eu3+ phosphors

Gd2O3: EU3+ phosphors were prepared by urea homogeneous precipitation with different surfactant and sol-gel method. XRD patterns show that all the obtained samples are in cubic Gd2O3, and the results of FTIR and fluorescent spectra conformed that OP is a good surfactant for preparing the Gd2O3: Eu3+ phosphors. The SEM photographs show that the particles prepared by urea homogeneous precipitation method are all spherical and well-dispersed, and grain morphology can be controlled by different surfactant. XRD and SEM indicate that the particle sizes prepared by sol-gel method are in the range of 5 similar to 30 nm, and the grain sizes increase with increasing of heated temperatures. Luminescence spectra indication that the main emission peaks of all samples are at 610 nm, the intensities are different from samples prepared with different surfactant and the luminescence intensities increase with increasing of annealed temperatures.

Synthesis and characterization of Tb3+ trimesic acid fluorescence system

The luminescent complex of Tb3+-trimesic acid was synthesized in an alcohol and water mixed solvent. The chemical components of the complex TbL.5H(2)O was characterized by the element analysis, thermal analysis and FTIR. The results of the XRD patterns and SEM photographs indicate that the complex is composed of a lot of bar-shaped crystal grain with 5 similar to 10 mum long. The results of the photoluminescence show that the complex emitted the characteristic green fluorescence of Tb3+.

Citrate-gel synthesis and luminescent properties of alpha-Zn-3(PO4)(2) doped with Eu3+

By using inorganic salts as raw materials and citric acid as complexing agent, alpha-Zn-3(PO4)(2) and Eu3+ doped alpha-Zn-3(PO4)(2) phosphor powders were prepared by a citrate-gel process. X-ray diffraction, (XRD), TG - DTA, FT - IR and luminescence excitation and emission spectra were used to characterize the resulting products. The results of XRD reveal that the powders begin to crystallize at 500 degreesC and pure alpha-Zn-3(PO4)(2) phase is obtained at 800 degreesC. And the results of XRD reveal that Eu3+ exists Lis EoPO(4) ill the powder. In the phosphor powders, the Eu3+ shows its characteristic red-orange (592 nm, D-5(0) - F-7(1)) emission and has no quenching concentration.

Synthesis and characterization of Y0.9-xGdxEu0.1BO3 phosphors by spray drying process

Y0.9-xGdxEu0.1BO3 phosphors were synthesized by spray drying (SD) method, and the results were compared with those by conventional solid state (SS) and citrate gel (GC) methods. The PL intensity of phosphors increases with the increase of x value in Y0.9-xGdxEu0.1BO3 (prepared by SD) due to an energy migration process like Gd3+ - (Gd3+)(n) - Eu3+ occurred in the material. Compared with the latter two methods, the phosphor particles prepared by spray drying method have a better morphology, such as homogeneous size (about 1similar to3 mum) with spherical shape and smooth surface. Furthermore, the spray drying-derived phosphors have higher photoluminescence (PL) intensity than those by citrate gel method, but still a little lower than those by the solid state method.

Investigation on preparation and fluorescence properties of oxy-fluoride glass co-doped with Er3+ and Yb3+

The glass sample based on the composition of 45PbF(2)-45GeO(2)-10WO(3) co-doped with Yb3+/Er3+ was prepared by the fusion method in two steps: melted at 950 degreesC for 20 similar to 25 min then annealed at 380 degreesC for 4 h. Through the V-prism it is found that the refractive index of host glass and the sample are 1.517 and 1.65 respectively. The transmittance was observed by using the ultraviolet-visible-infrared spectrometer in the wavelength range from 0.35 to 2.5mum. The transmittaitce of the host glass is beyond 73%. That of the sample is beyond 50% and there are characteristic absorption peaks of rare-earth ions. The emission spectrum was measured by using the Hitachi F-4500 fluorescent spectrometer pumped by 980 nm semiconductor laser. There are a strong emission peak at 530 nm and a weak peak at 650 nm.

Synthesis and fluorescence of europium-doped barium fluoride cubic nanocolumns

Europium-doped barium fluoride cubic nanocolumns were synthesized from the quaternary water in oil reverse microemulsions In this process, the aqueous cores of water/cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)/n-butanol/n-octane reverse microemulsions were used as microreactors for the precipitation of europium doped barium fluoride. XRD analysis shows that under the dopant concentration of 0.06% (molar fraction), the products are single phase. The result products are cubic column-like with about 30 similar to 50 nm edge length of cross section, and about 200 nm of length obtained from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Under the 0.06 % (molar fraction) of dopant concentration I the fluorescence of Eu2+ and Eu3+ under the 589 of excitation wavelength is observed.

Triboluminescence of a new europate complex

A new europium (III) complex Eu(HFNH)(3)Phen (HFNH: 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6-heptafluoro-1-(2-naphthyl) hexane-1,3-dione; phen: 1, 10-phenanthroline) was synthesized and its triboltuninescent phenomenon was observed. Photoluminescence and triboluminescence spectra were successfully determined. The most intense triboluminescent emission originates front the transition of the, central Eu3+ ion from D-5(0) level to F-7(2) level. The triboluminescent spectrum is basically similar to that of photoluminescence, which correlates with the disorders of F atoms.

Extraction mechanism of La3+ from hydrochloric acid solution using Cyanex 302

The solvent extraction of La3+ from hydrochloric acid solutions was investigated using his (2, 4, 4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302, HL) as an extractant. The effect of equilibrium of aqueous acidity on extraction of La3+ using Cyanex 302 In different diluents was discussed. The effects of extractant concentration and chloride ion on the extraction reaction were also studied. Stoichiometry of the extraction reactions and the nature of metal complexes formed were determined using slope analysis technique and IR measurement.

Solvent extraction of scandium(III), yttrium(III), lanthanum(III) and gadolinium(III) using Cyanex 302 in heptane from hydrochloric acid solutions

The extractions of the selected rare earths (Sc, Y, La and Gd) from hydrochloric acid solutions have been investigated using bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)-mono thiophosphinic acid (Cyanex 302, HL) in heptane as an extractant. The results demonstrate that the extractions of rare earths occur via the following reaction: Sc(OH)(2+) + 2[(HL)(2)]((O)) double left right arrow [Sc(OH)L-2 (.) 2(HL)]((O)) + 2H(+) Y3+ + 3[(HL)(2)]((O)) double left right arrow [Y(HL2)(3)]((O)) + 3H(+) La(OH)(2)(+) + 3[(HL)(2)](O) double left right arrow [La(OH)(2)L (.) 5(HL)]((O)) + H+ Gd(OH)(2+) + 3[(HL)(2)]((O)) double left right arrow [Gd(OH)L-2 (.) 4(HL)]((O)) + 2H(+) The pH(1/2) values and equilibrium constants of the extracted complexes have been deduced by taking into account the aqueous phase complexation of the metal ion with hydroxyl ligands and plausible complexes extracted into the organic phase. According to the pH(1/2) values, it is possible to realize mutual separation among Sc(III), Y(III), La(III) and Gd(III) with Cyanex 302 by controlling aqueous acidity.

Formation equilibria of ternary metal complexes with citric acid and glutamine (alanine) in aqueous solution

The species and their formation constants in the ternary, systems were obtained by the Scogs2 software from potentiometric titration data. The Comics software was used to calculate the distribution of species in the ternary systems. MLXH, MLXH2 and MLXH3 are the common species in these systems. The coordination behaviors of the rare earths are very similar and their stability is closely matched. The ternary rare earth complexes are more stable than the corresponding ternary complexes of calcium. The ternary zinc complex with glutamine as the secondary ligand is more stable than the corresponding complexes of rare earths, but the ternary complex with alanine as the secondary ligand shows an inverse trend. The distributions of species in the ternary systems vary with pH changing. A prediction can be made that exogenous rare earths can affect the species of Ca and Zn in human body.

NMR and pattern recognition studies on the acute biochemical effects of Lu(NO3)(3)

Pattern recognition methods were applied to the analysis of 600 MHz H-1 NMR spectra of urine from rats dosed with compounds that induced organ-specific damage in the liver and kidney. Male Wistar rats were separated into groups (n=4) and each was treated with one of following compounds: HgCl2, CCl4, Lu(NO3)(3) and Changle (a kind of rare earth complex mixed with La, Ce, Pr and Nd). Urine samples from the rats dosed with HgCl2, CCl4 and Lu(NO3)(3) were collected over a 24 h time course and the samples from the rats administrated with Changle were gained after 3 months. These samples were measured by 600 MHz NMR spectroscopy. Each spectrum was data-processed to provide 223 intensity-related descriptors of spectra. Urine spectral data corresponding to the time intervals, 0-8 h (HgCl2 and CCl4), 4-8 (Lu(NO3)(3)) h and 90 d (Changle) were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). Successful classification of the toxicity and biochemical effects of Lu(NO3)(3) was achieved.

Luminescence and energy transfer properties of Ca2Gd8(SiO4)(6)O-2 : A(A = Pb2+, Tm3+) phosphors

Ca2Gd8(SiO4)(6)O-2: A(A = Ph2+, Tm3+) phosphors were prepared through the sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microseopy(SEM) and photoluminescence spectra were used to characterize the resulting phosphors. The results of XRD indicate that the phosphors crystallized completely at 1000 degreesC. SEM study reveals that the average grain size is 300 similar to 1000 nm. In Ca2Gd8(SiO4)(6)O-2: Tm3+ phosphors, the Tm3+ shows its characteristic blue emission at 456 nm (D-1(2)-F-3(4)) upon excitation into its H-3(6)-D-1(2)(361 nm), with an optimum doping concentration of 1 mol% of Gd3+ in the host lattices. In Ca2Gd8(SiO4)(6)O-2: Pb2+, Tm3+ phosphors, excitation into the Ph2+ at 266 nm (S-1(0)-P-3(1)) yields the emissions of Gd3+ at 311 nm (P-6-S-8) and Tm3+ at 367 nm (D-1(2)-H-3(6)) and 456 our (D-1(2)-F-3(4)), indicating that energy transfer processes of Pb2+-Gd3+ and Ph2+-Tm3+ have occur-red in the host lattices.