瓦里关山与观风山近地面空气^7Be浓度季节性变化对比

^7Be广泛应用于大气物质传输、表土季节性迁移和微粒混合作用的示踪。它在不同地域空气中的浓度分布构成了多领域研究的基础。^7Be在对流层空气中的浓度随地表海拔高度而增加。基于瓦里关山和观风山的位置差异和海拔高差，对比观测其近地面空气^7Be浓度变化不仅有益于区域尺度的大气和地表环境过程的示踪，而且对全球尺度的研究也将具重要意义。2002-10-09～2004-01-21，利用美国环境测量实验室的低水平核素表层大气采样系统在瓦里关山和观风山同步连续进行每周1个大气气溶胶样品的采集工作。^7Be的比活度系用多道能谱仪进行1谱测定，测量误差小于6％。中美两实验室对逐周样品测量结果表明两实验室的数据具有很好的可比性。两个站点^7Be浓度逐周变化趋势总体相似，具有2～6周的短周期波动，波峰与波谷具有良好的对应关系，其高值或低值波动延迟或超前的差异与区域尺度的天气过程传播一致。瓦里关山和观风山，Be的年均浓度分别为（14．7±1．5）mBq／m^3和（4．1±0．9）mBq／m^3，前者约为后者的3．6倍。近地面空气^7Be浓度与同期降水量的比较表明，在周时间尺度上，两者呈现出较好的预期负相关变化；而在月平均尺度上，两地^7Be浓度变化比较稳定。位于内陆地区的瓦里关山受低海拔气团上升的影响较小，其空气中^7Be浓度变化较真实地反映了中纬度、高海拔地区的背景水平。观风山地区虽然受到低纬度海洋性上升气团的影响，但^7Be浓度变化仍然显示出低纬度、较高海拔地区的预期水平。[^7Be广泛应用于大气物质传输、表土季节性迁移和微粒混合作用的示踪。它在不同地域空气中的浓度分布构成了多领域研究的基础。^7Be在对流层空气中的浓度随地表海拔高度而增加。基于瓦里关山和观风山的位置差异和海拔高差，对比观测其近地面空气^7Be浓度变化不仅有益于区域尺度的大气和地表环境过程的示踪，而且对全球尺度的研究也将具重要意义。2002-10-09～2004-01-21，利用美国环境测量实验室的低水平核素表层大气采样系统在瓦里关山和观风山同步连续进行每周1个大气气溶胶样品的采集工作。^7Be的比活度系用多道能谱仪进行1谱测定，测量误差小于6％。中美两实验室对逐周样品测量结果表明两实验室的数据具有很好的可比性。两个站点^7Be浓度逐周变化趋势总体相似，具有2～6周的短周期波动，波峰与波谷具有良好的对应关系，其高值或低值波动延迟或超前的差异与区域尺度的天气过程传播一致。瓦里关山和观风山，Be的年均浓度分别为（14．7±1．5）mBq／m^3和（4．1±0．9）mBq／m^3，前者约为后者的3．6倍。近地面空气^7Be浓度与同期降水量的比较表明，在周时间尺度上，两者呈现出较好的预期负相关变化；而在月平均尺度上，两地^7Be浓度变化比较稳定。位于内陆地区的瓦里关山受低海拔气团上升的影响较小，其空气中^7Be浓度变化较真实地反映了中纬度、高海拔地区的背景水平。观风山地区虽然受到低纬度海洋性上升气团的影响，但^7Be浓度变化仍然显示出低纬度、较高海拔地区的预期水平。

土壤中稀土元素地球化学研究进展

综述了土壤中稀土元素含量、稀土赋存形态、稀土生物有效性、稀土在土壤环境中的分布规律、迁移方式及其影响因子。讨论了稀土微肥应用中应注意的问题以及由此带来的环境效应,并探讨了建立具有普遍适用性的稀土生物有效性方法学的途径等。

富碱侵入岩与金成矿关系:云南省姚安金矿床成矿流体形成演化的微量元素和同位素证据

以产在姚安富碱侵入岩体内外接触带上的姚安金矿床为对象,对成矿流体形成演化过程中的微量元素和S、C同位素地球化学进行了综合研究。研究结果表明,富碱侵入岩成岩过程中分异出的岩浆流体提供了姚安金矿床早期成矿作用所必需的成矿流体;从早期成矿阶段至晚期成矿阶段,成矿流体经历了从以岩浆流体为主的流体体系至以大气降水为主的流体体系的转变。因此,钙碱性侵入岩成岩过程中可分异出成矿流体的过程,也存在于富碱侵入岩的成岩过程中。

云南金宝山铂钯矿Pd赋存状态的补充研究

金宝山铂钯矿是峨眉山大火成岩省已知最大的铂族元素矿床，矿化产出在金宝山岩体超镁铁岩相中，矿石含浸染状硫化物。对矿石样品中硫化物进行电子探针分析发现镍黄铁矿及针镍矿中含有较高的钯，含量分别达到500×10～ ～1700×10 和1100×10I¨～1900×10—6 o结合全岩分析结果进行质量平衡计算，表明其矿石中钯主要以非独立矿物形式赋存在镍黄铁矿和针镍矿中。

呷村银多金属块状硫化物矿床银的赋存状态

通过大量岩石、矿石光（薄）片观察鉴定、电子探针分析、首次查明呷村海相火山岩型银多金属状块硫化物矿床有硫砷铜银矿和硫砷铜矿两种硫盐矿物。研究表明，除硫化物外（主要为方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿，其次为黄铜矿，毒砂，斑铜矿，铜铜银矿，螺硫银矿，磁黄铁矿等），硫盐矿物十分发育，主要有黝铜矿、车轮矿、硫砷铜矿、硫砷铜银矿等。该矿床中的银主要在喷流-沉积成矿阶段富集。

中国煤矿废弃物环境效应研究进展

简述煤矿废弃物的环境地球化学效应和治理方法。分别论述了煤矸石山的自燃、淋滤和煤矿矿井水的环境效应。研究发现，煤矸石自燃会释放出SO2、CO、H2S、CO2、NOx、CH4、多环芳烃(PAHs)等多种有毒有害物质；煤矸石中的有害元素As、Cd、F、Hg、Mo、Pb等含量多与硫化物、硫酸盐等正相关，连续化学浸取能将很大部分毒害元素溶出；矿井水直接排放会引起地下水位下降和环境污染。目前我国对煤矿废弃物的环境效应研究已经很重视，但煤矸石和矿井水资源化治理还存在一些问题。

牢山金矿带成矿流体稀土元素地球化学

本项研究测定了矿石、蚀变围岩和相应未蚀变岩石的稀土元素组成。通过对这些地质体稀土元素地球化学特征的对比研究发现，在成矿流体的演化过程中，镇沅和墨江两个金矿床成矿流体的稀土模式具明显的变化，而大坪金矿成矿流体的稀土模式则保持相对不变。因此，大坪金矿的稀土模式（轻稀土高度富集、弱负Ｅｕ异常和较强负Ｃｅ异常）可以代表初始成矿流体的稀土模式。研究表明，具有这种稀土模式的流式，可能是由地幔去气作用产生的地幔.

深部流体对天然气成藏影响

深部流体是地球内部物质和能量交换最活跃的组分，超临界状态存在的深部流体中含有大量的气体，通过地震、火山或以其他各种构造通道向地球的浅部运移。上升过程中由于物理化学条件变化（主要是温度和压力降低），其中的挥发分首先从岩浆中析出，在合适的构造部位直接聚集成藏；同时流体上升过程中带出的大量地球深部的物质或能量为天然气形成提供有利条件。中国东部郯庐大断裂带气藏天然气碳同位素及稀有气体地球化学特征表明，深部流体直接或间接对天然气形成以及运移有重要的影响。国外一些天然气形成的模拟实验结果也显示以二氧化碳和水为主的流体在深部油气的无机合成、运移和富集中起着重要的作用。深入研究深部流体与天然气形成之间的关系可以为天然气勘探提供重要的方向和目标，将对天然气成因及来源产生重要的理论和实践意义。

滇西上芒岗红色粘土型金矿床金的特征

通过化学分析法、X射线衍射和粒度分级、金的浸出实验，对上芒岗红色粘土型金矿床进行研究，发现矿石矿物由褐铁矿、粘土矿物和石英组成，矿石中的金与粗颗粒的多少呈正相关，为微细粒金和游离态金，被吸附于褐铁矿、粘土矿物和石项等矿物表面或裂隙中，在红色粘土剖面中与Mo、Sb、Hg、As等元素紧密共生，金在弱酸-弱碱性条件下活性、迁移，在潜水面附近再沉淀，上芒岗卡林型金矿体为红色粘土型金矿的主要矿源体。

中学生强迫症状及其心理、环境危险因素和整合模型研究

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms, which are one of common factors effected on mental health of secondary school students, have been rarely studied at home and abroad. In accordance with the problems existed in these literature up till now, the thesis had mainly studied the measured tool, contents and structure, developmental features, psychosocial risk factors and integrated model of obsessive-compulsive symptoms from them by means of investigation with quetionnaires. The entire research was divided into three phases. 3185 students(age 14.68±1.75 years) were firstly measured with the 20-item Leyton Obsessional Inventory-Child Version(LOI-CV) at four secondary schools including six grades in Beijing city, which was applied to revise LOI-CV, and to study the structure and contents, developmental features and screen of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Then, 216 subjects with obsessive-compulsive symptoms, paired with controls in the light of school, grade and gender, were investigated with 10 self-rating scales on obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety, depression, personality, coping and attributional style, negative life events, parent's rearing style, family environment and life adaptation in school, and with an inventory on social demography. The results were used to explore psychosocial risk factors and integrated model of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The third survey was only carried out, about two months after the second, among 264 subjects with obsessive-compulsive symptoms through MMOCI and Negative Life Event Scale for Adolescents, in order to probe into the integrated model. The research had mainly found: (1) LOI-CV can be used as a screen tool for obsessive-compulsive symptoms in urban adolescents in China; (2) Total screening-out ratio of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was 13.6% (male:15.0%, female:12.2%). The most common manifestations of obsessive-compulsive symptoms were hating dirt and contamination, doing things in exact manner, angry if someone messes desk, bad conscience but no one else, worry about cleanliness, repeated thoughts or words; the least were favorite or special number, spending extra time on homework, special number or words to avoid, talking or moving to avoid bad luck, fussy about hands. The checking and repetition, cleanliness and tidiness, general obsessions were more common forms than numbers-luck; (3) No differences were existed in serious degree of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but the screening-out ratio in male was higher than it in female; (4) No differences were detected in the serious degree of obsessive-compulsive symptoms except the scores of cleanliness and tidiness among grades, but the screening-out ratio of the grades justly entering secondary school or going to graduate were higher than other ones; (5) The main psychosocial risk factors for obsessive-compulsive symptoms included anxiety, mother's over-protecting and over-interfering, fantasy, flexibility, self-actualization, peers relationship, sense of responsibility, negative life events, mother's occupation, help-seeking, and (6) The integrated model on psychosocial risk factors suggested that the possible developed and sustained mechanism of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was that personality, coping and attributional styles constructed the developmental diathesis foundation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms; negative life events were promoting factors of them. There was a dynamic interaction between personality and environmental factors. Negative emotion played a core role in the developmental process of them. The continued existence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was related to pre-existed obsessive-compulsive symptoms and negative life events experienced by an individual. Therefore, this research not only let us get a deeper understanding of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and more entirely find out psychosocial risk factors, firstly applied diathesis-stress theory to comprehend the psychological mechanism of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and, moreover, elaborate and expand it, but also has more important practice significance of treatment, prevent and education for obsessive-compulsive symptoms in secondary school students.