用EPR方法研究人造金刚石中杂质氮

本文用电子顺磁共振(EPR)方法,研究人造金刚石中氮的电子结构。提出用自旋浓度来表征氯含量的方法,并对不同方法制得的金刚石进行测定。

氟化镧复合物的氢敏性质

采用不同电极,以La_(0.95)Pb_(0.05)F_(2.95)为固体电解质(SE)材料,制成四个气敏元件,比较了各元件常温氢敏特性。元件“Bi(BiF_3)|SE|Pt”性能最好,对100Pa氢气的90％响应时间仅为75s,测试范围内元件电动势(EMF)与氢分压对数呈线性关系。元件对CO也有一定的敏感性能。

K_2NaAlF_6:Ce~(3+)和KAlF_4:Ce~(3+)磷光体的光谱特性

采用高温固相反应法,在Ar气氛中,合成了K_2NaAlF_6和KAlF_4基质化合物.分别测定了它们的结构,并计算了晶胞参数.测定了K_2NaAlF_6:Ce~(3+)和KAlF_4:Ce~(3+)磷光体的激发光谱和荧光光谱,根据Ce~(3+)的光谱结构的特点,讨论了Ce~(3+)的取代格位.

PMBP与P350对Nd(Ⅲ)的协同萃取

1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑酮-5(PMBP,以HA代表)作为一种优良的β—二酮类酸性螯合萃取剂,迄今已用于50多种元素的萃取分离、分析,它与其它试剂对金属的协同萃取也有报道。为研究不同中性磷萃取剂和无机酸介质对PMBP协同萃取稀土的影响,本文以盐酸体系中Nd(?)为被萃金属离子,选择甲基膦酸二甲庚酯(P350,以B代表)与PMBP组成新协同萃取体系,

应用共振跃迁下能级集居数变化现象测定激光波长

应用激光激发共振跃迁下能级集居数减少,同时发射负信号荧光现象,测定与铀原子605.134nm 跃迁共振的激光波长,本方法与文献[4]的方法结合,可准确可靠测定与一切原子或离子实际存在跃迁共振的激光波长。

不同种类聚乙烯取向态结晶结构研究

本工作是用电子显微镜研究三种PE(HDPE、LLDPE和LDPE)高取向超薄膜的结晶结构。不同种类PE高取向超薄膜以特殊的熔体拉伸方法制备。该方法的特点是以较低的拉伸速率(4cm/Sec)在很窄的熔体流动区域内(0.5—1.0μm),获得非常高的纵向流动梯度(4×10~4/Sec)和过冷速率。所得超薄膜厚度为50-100nm,可直接用TEM观察。所用电镜为H-600型,操作电压为100KV。明场像采用欠焦成像技术。并利用电子显微镜的多功能,诸如衍射、明场、暗场、样品旋转及倾斜等严格确定了三种PE熔体拉伸膜取向态的晶体结构。

端羟基丁腈橡胶增韧环氧树脂研究

本文研究了端羟基丁腈橡胶(HTBN)对环氧树脂的增韧作用。加入10—20phr的HTBN,环氧树脂性能可以大幅度提高,粘接碳钢剪切强度30MPa,冲击强度9×10~(-2)J/cm~2,浇注试样抗张强度61MPa,伸长10％,玻璃化温度115℃;不加HTBN的环氧树脂固化物,剪切强度24MPa,冲击强度34×10~(-2)J/cm~2,抗张强度30MPa,伸长5％,玻璃化温度124℃。 本文还通过DSC、SEM研究观察到增韧环氧树脂的两相结构。

EFFECT OF DENSITY ON LARVAL DEVELOPMENT AND FEMALE PRODUCTIVITY OF TISBE-HOLOTHURIAE (COPEPODA, HARPACTICOIDA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

POPULATION-DYNAMICS; FOOD; FISH

Photosynthetic parameters of sexually different parts of Porphyra katadai var. hemiphylla (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) during dehydration and re-hydration

Physiological data from extreme habitat organisms during stresses are vital information for comprehending their survival. The intertidal seaweeds are exposed to a combination of environmental stresses, the most influential one being regular dehydration and re-hydration. Porphyra katadai var. hemiphylla is a unique intertidal macroalga species with two longitudinally separated, color distinct, sexually different parts. In this study, the photosynthetic performance of both PSI and PSII of the two sexually different parts of P. katadai thalli during dehydration and re-hydration was investigated. Under low-grade dehydration the variation of photosystems of male and female parts of P. katadai were similar. However, after the absolute water content reached 42%, the PSI of the female parts was nearly shut down while that of the male parts still coordinated well and worked properly with PSII. Furthermore, after re-hydration with a better conditioned PSI, the dehydrated male parts were able to restore photosynthesis within 1 h, while the female parts did not. It is concluded that in P. katadai the susceptibility of photosynthesis to dehydration depends on the accommodative ability of PSI. The relatively lower content of phycobiliprotein in male parts may be the cause for a stronger PSI after severe dehydration.

Polymorphic EST-SSR markers and their mode of inheritance in Fenneropenaeus chinensis

229 SSRs (simple sequence repeats) were identified among 10,443 ESTs (expressed sequence tags) of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis). The average density of SSRs was one SSR per 19.1 kb of EST sequence screened. The dinucleotide repeats appeared to be the most abundant SSRs detected. Nine EST-SSR markers were detected polymorphisms of the thirty SSR primer pairs derived from F chinensis ESTs. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 15, with an average of 9.1 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity of nine loci ranged from 0.47 to 0.87. These loci were used successfully for pedigree analysis in three families of Fenneropenaeus chinensis. Two of the nine microsatellite loci showed the existence of null alleles. Assuming the existence of null alleles at Fc07 and Fc14 loci, the allelic inheritance mode of the EST-SSR DNA markers (Fc04, Fc06, Fc07, Fc10, Fc14, Fc18, Fc22, Fc24, and Fc27) was consistent with Mendelian segregation. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Isolation, antimicrobial activity, and metabolites of fungus Cladosporium sp associated with red alga Porphyra yezoensis

Cladosporium sp. isolate N5 was isolated as a dominant fungus from the healthy conchocelis of Porphyra yezoensis. In the re-infection test, it did not cause any pathogenic symptoms in the alga. Twenty-one cultural conditions were chosen to test its antimicrobial activity in order to obtain the best condition for large-scale fermentation. Phenylacetic acid, p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol, and L-beta-phenyllactic acid were isolated from the crude extract as strong antimicrobial compounds and they are the first reported secondary metabolites for the genus Cladosporium. In addition, the Cladosporium sp. produced the reported Porphyra yezoensis growth regulators phenylacetic acid and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. No cytotoxicity was found in the brine shrimp lethality test, which indicated that the environmental-friendly Cladosporium sp. could be used as a potential biocontrol agent to protect the alga from pathogens.

Molecular cloning and characterization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) from Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

The proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene was cloned from Fenneropenaeus chinensis (FcPCNA). The full-length cDNA sequence of FcPCNA encodes 260 amino acids showing high identity with PCNAs reported in other species. FcPCNA expressed especially high in proliferating tissues of shrimp such as haematopoietic tissue (HPT) and ovary. In order to understand the response of HPT to bacteria and virus challenge, mRNA level of FcPCNA in HPT was analyzed after shrimp were challenged by Vibrio anguillarum and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). FcPCNA expression in HPT of shrimp was responsive to WSSV and Vibrio challenge, but different expression profiles were obtained after challenge by these two pathogens. The data provide additional information to understand the defense mechanisms of shrimp against virus and bacteria. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Water transports through the four main straits around the South China Sea

A quasi-global high-resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) is used to investigate seasonal variations of water transports through the four main straits in the South China Sea. The results show that the annual transports through the four straits Luzon Strait, Taiwan Strait, Sunda Shelf and Mindoro Strait are -4.5, 2.3, 0.5 and 1.7 Sv (1 Sv=10(6) m(3)s(-1)), respectively. The Mindoro Strait has an important outflow that accounts for over one third of the total inflow through the Luzon Strait. Furthermore, it indicates that there are strong seasonal variations of water transport in the four straits. The water transport through the Luzon Strait (Taiwan Strait, Sunda Shelf, Mindoro Strait) has a maximum value of -7.6 Sv in December (3.1 Sv in July, 2.1S v in January, 4.5Sv in November), a minimum value of -2.1 Sv in June (1.5 Sv in October, -1.0 Sv in June, -0.2 Sv in May), respectively.

青藏高原多年冻土区高寒草甸植物群落主要植物化学元素含量特征

分析了青藏高原北麓河地区29种高寒植物15个元素含量的特征。结果表明，这些植物中元素平均含量〉400μg／g的元素有Ca，Mg，Na，K，Fe，10～100μg／g的有Mn，Cr，Zn，Cu，〈10μg／g的有Ni，Co，As,Pb，Cd，Hg；种间同种元素的含量变化规律不统一。相关性分析表明，Cu与Cd，Fe与Cd和Hg，Cr与Ni，Co和Mg极显著正相关，Cr和Ca极显著负相关；聚类分析表明，Na，As元素对本区植物聚类的影响最大，莎草科、禾本科、菊科科内植物元素含量相似。

青海省大黑沟种植大黄中矿物质元素研究

青海省地道中药材"西宁大黄"野生资源濒临枯竭,人工种植规模不断扩大.定期采集青海省大黑沟2年生种植大黄,分析测试其矿物质元素,为西宁大黄资源的可持续开发和利用提供科学依据.研究表明:大黑沟种植大黄的根、茎、叶等不同的组织器官,以及在不同生长季节对矿物质元素营养的需求具有动态性变化的特征.