固相反应法制备的Pt/C催化剂对乙醇氧化的电催化活性研究

直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）由于具有燃料来源丰富、价格低廉、易于携带储存等优点,近年来一直是世界上许多国家研究和开发的热点[1].但是甲醇具有一定的毒性,因此要想实现DMFC在诸如手机、笔记本电脑以及电动车等可移动电源领域的应用,必须探索寻找新的液体燃料以替代有毒性的甲醇.其中乙醇很易从农作物中大量生产,又无毒,因此很有可能用作为替代甲醇作DMFC的燃料.乙醇的电催化氧化已被众多的研究者从电催化和乙醇燃料电池的角度进行了广泛研究[2-7].其中,对乙醇电催化氧化活性较好的有pt[2-4]、pt-Ru[6-7]、Pt-Pd[5]和Pt-Mo[7]等催化剂.我们研究组报道了用固相反应法制得的Pt催化剂对甲醇氧化的电催化活性要优于用常规液

碳载Pt-TiO_2复合催化剂对甲醇氧化的电催化性能

报道了通过化学还原和溶胶 -凝胶法制备不同组成的 Pt-Ti O2 /C催化剂及其对甲醇的氧化反应 .结果表明 ,该催化剂具有很好的电催化活性和稳定性 .催化剂中的 Ti和 Pt的原子比为 1 /2时 ,催化剂的性能最好 .在 5 0 0℃下热处理后 ,催化剂的性能得到进一步的改善 .这种催化剂有望能在 DMFC中获得实际使用.

碳载Pt-TiO_2阳极催化剂对甲醇氧化的电催化活性和稳定性

近年来,直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）由于使用液体燃料而越来越受到重视,但目前DMFC存在的一个普遍的问题是常用的Pt阳极催化剂易被甲醇氧化的中间产物所毒化.因此,一些研究者研究了能抗甲醇氧化的中间产物毒化的Pt二元合金或Pt和过渡金属氧化物复合催化剂,如Pt-Ru[1]、Pt-Sn[2]、Pt-WOx[3]等.考虑至TiO2在酸性溶液中的稳定性,Hamnett研究组[4]和我们研究组[5]发现pt-TiO2/Ti复合电极对甲醇氧化有很好的电催化活性和抗中毒的能力.本文报道了制备能在DMFC中实际使用的碳载Pt-TiO2催化剂（Pt-TiO2/C）的方法和比较了Pt-TiO2/C和Pt/C电极对甲醇氧化的电催化活性和稳定性.用固相法制备含Pt20％的Pt/C催化剂[6],将制得的pt/C催化剂和Ti（OBu）4按摩尔比1:1的比例悬浮在乙醇中,超声波震荡并加水,使Ti（OBu）4完全水解成TiO2,并均匀沉积到Pt/C催化剂上,洗涤,真空干燥,500℃热处理

FeTPP-Pt/C复合催化剂作为耐甲醇氧还原电催化剂的研究

尽管直接甲醇燃料电池的研究已经进行了三十多年,但是其性能仍被几个问题所限制。其中之一就是甲醇从阳极穿过聚合物电解质膜进入到阴极,降低通常使用的Pt催化剂对氧还原的催化活性。因此寻找同时具有良好的氧还原催化活性和耐甲醇性能的电催化剂就成为一个重要的课题。本文首次报道了具有上述性能的FeTPP-Pt/C复合催化剂。

PT-28对常见无机酸和有机酸的萃取行为研究

系统地研究了2-乙基己氧基甲基膦酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（代号PT28）对硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、高氯酸、盐酸和醋酸六种酸的萃取行为,发现PT-28对硫酸、磷酸、高氯酸和盐酸均不萃取,只对硝酸和醋酸萃取,这与中性磷氧萃取剂甲基膦酸二甲庚酯（P350）和磷酸三正丁酯（TBP）对强酸的萃取有显著的不同,并对其萃取机理进行了讨论。

Studies on electrocatalytic performance of titanium oxide electrode modified with Pt toward the oxidation of methanol

Electrocatalytic performance of the Pr-TiOx/Ti electrode prepared with electrochemical reduction-oxidation method toward the oxidation of methanol has been studied, The experimental results showed that the Pt-TiOx/Ti electrode has a high electrocatalytic activity and good stability for the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol, By means of electrochemical, XPS, STM and in-situ FTIR techniques, it was found that one reason for the electrode to exhibit an excellent performance is attributed to the high dispersion between nanosized Pt and TiOx particles, The low adsorption ability of the intermediate derived from methanol, such as linearly adsorbed CO species on the electrode surface due to the interaction between Pt and TiOx, also results in the excellent performance.

活性炭载体对PEMFC中Pt/C电催化剂性能的影响

电催化剂作为聚合物电解质膜燃料电池(PEMFC)中的关键材料,它的活性和稳定性直接影响电池的性能。其中作为载体的活性炭又是决定催化剂性能的重要因素之一。载体的选择必须考虑以下几点:(1)价格低;(2)不与工作环境中的介质反应;(3)容易制成胶态粒子;(4)导电性好;(5)有利于制成高分散度的催化剂。我们集中研究并比较了Vulcan XC-

PT-28在硝酸体系中萃取三价镧系元素的研究

系统研究了２－乙基已氧基甲基膦酸工（２－乙基已基）酯（代号ＰＴ－２８）在硝酸介质中萃取三价镧系元素的行为，讨论了萃取剂浓度的变化、硝酸钠的浓度及温度变化对萃取率的影响，并对ＰＴ－２８． 萃取ＨＮＯ_３的机理进行了探讨。

Metal ion and anion coordination in the thiamine-[Pt-II(NO2)(4)](2-) system. Structures of a metal complex, Pt(thiamine)(NO2)(3), and two salts, (H-thiamine)[Pt(NO2)(4)]center dot 2H(2)O and (thiamine monophosphate)(2)[Pt(NO2)(4)]center dot 2H(2)O

Reaction of thiamine or thiamine monophosphate (TMP) with K2Pt(NO2)(4) afforded a metal complex, Pt(thiamine)(NO2)(3) (1), and two salt-type compounds, (H-thiamine)[Pt(NO2)(4)]. 2H(2)O (2) and (TMP)(2)[Pt(NO2)(4)]. 2H(2)O (3), which were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. In 1, the square-planar Pt2+ ion is coordinated to the pyrimidine N(1'), a usual metal-binding site, and three NO2- groups. The thiamine molecule exists as a monovalent cation in 1 and a divalent cation in 2 while the TMP molecule is a monovalent cation in 3. In each compound, thiamine or TMP adopts the usual F conformation and forms two types of host-guest-like interactions with anions, which are of the bridging forms, C(2)-H . . . anion . . . pyrimidine-ring and N(4'1)-H(...)anion(...)thiazolium-ring. In 3, there is an additional anion-bridging interaction between the pyrimidine and thiazolium rings of TMP, being of the form C(6')-H . . . anion . . . thiazolium-ring. The salts 2 and 3 show similar hydrogen-bonded cyclic dimers of thiamine or TMP between which the anions are held. Results are compared with those of the other thiamine-platinum complexes. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

直接甲醇燃料电池中碳载Pt-TiO_2阳极复合催化剂的研究

首次报道了通过化学还原和溶胶 凝胶法制备了直接甲醇燃料电池 (DMFC)中Pt TiO2 /C阳极复合催化剂对甲醇氧化呈现出了很好的电催化活性和稳定性 .研究了催化剂的组份和制备条件对催化剂性能的影响 .这种催化剂有望能在DMFC实际使用 .

EQCM characterization of self-assembled kinetics of 4-pyridyl hydroquinone at Pt surface and its ion transfer in electrochemical redox

The adsorbed kinetics, proton transportation in electrochemical redox process of 4-pyridyl hydroquinone (4PHQ) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) modified Pt electrode were studied by electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) in situ. It proved that the electrode was modified by a monolayer and underwent a rapid electron transfer. It was a slow adsorbed kinetic process. The ion transfer in the electrochemical redox at the SAM-modified electrode surface mainly involved into the hydrate hydrogen ion.

Reactivity of Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts for partial oxidation of methane to syngas

The ceria modified Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts were studied in the partial oxidation of methane to syngas. The SEM, XRD, TPR and TPD techniques were used for the catalyst characterization. The addition of ceria could enhance the Pt dispersion and decrease the Pt crystallise size; the activity and selectivity of catalyst for partial oxidation were improved significantly, and the methane total oxidation was suppressed sharply. The ceria effect was also discussed in a detailed way.

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Pt-Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst

The catalytic partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Ni/Al2O3, Pt/Al2O3 and a series of Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts was investigated. It was found that Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts exhibit higher activity and stability than Ni/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3. TPR and TPD methods were used to characterize Pt - Ni bimetallic interactions in the catalysts. A series of Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts and unsupported Pt - Ni samples were studied by XRD and XPS. It was found the formation of Pt - Ni alloy in the Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts and the enrichment of platinum on the surface of the catalysts. It is concluded that the higher activity and stability of Pt - Ni/Al2O3 catalysts were caused by Pt - Ni bimetallic interactions.

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Pt/A(2)O(3) and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3

The catalytic oxidation of methane to syngas has been carried out over Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3. It was found that the catalysts with ceria exhibit a higher activity and selectivity than those without ceria. The catalysts were characterized by means of TPR, TPD, SEM-EDX and XRD. There is a strong interaction between ceria and platinum under the reaction condition, which increase the dispersion of platinum over catalysts, preventing the sinter of the Pt particles. As a result of the synergistic;effect between Pt and ceria, the activity of Pt/Al2O3 for combustion reaction was suppressed, the activity and selectivity :For partial oxidation were improved greatly. Another role of ceria in the catalyst is the enhancing of the WGSR, which leads to the increase of the selectivity of catalyst for hydrogen and accelerating the equilibrium of the reaction.