167 resultados para 286


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We present radio images of the compact steep spectrum (CSS) quasar 3C 286 acquired with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 8.4 and 22.5 GHz. The source exhibits a two-sided core-jet structure with a bright central component and two extended components one to the east (P.A. 100degrees) and another to the southwest (P.A. -116degrees). From the compact core, an extension runs towards the southwest component up to similar to 0.7 arcsecond. The emission between the primary central component and the southwest component exhibits a knotty structure. A gradual change of the jet position angles from -135degrees to -120degrees in the inner southwest jet suggests a local bend. The position angle changes of the major eastern components E2 and E1 suggest that the eastern jet likely follows a curved trace. The bends in the jet trace may be associated with a relativistic precession or some interaction between the jet and the ambient matter. A mean spectral index of alpha(8.4)(22.5) similar to -0.76 (S-nu proportional to nu(alpha)) is estimated for the core component. Steep spectra are also obtained for the extended southwest component (2.6", P.A. -116degrees) and eastern component (0.8", P.A. 100degrees), with alpha(8.4)(22.5) similar to -0.88 and alpha(8.4)(22.5) similar to -1.79, respectively. The radio morphologies and spectral index distributions suggest that the core seen in our images is likely to be the beamed inner jet while the real nucleus is dimmed by it beaming away from us.

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There are very strong interests in improving the high-temperature wear resistance of the y-TiAl intermetallic alloy, especially when applied as tribological moving components. In this paper, microstructure, high-temperature dry sliding wear at 600 degrees C and isothermal oxidation at 1000 degrees C on ambient air of laser clad gamma/W2C/TiC composite coatings with different constitution of Ni-Cr-W-C precursor mixed powders on TiAl alloy substrates have been investigated. The results show that microstructure of the laser fabricated composite coatings possess non-equilibrium microstructure consisting of the matrix of nickel-base solid solution gamma-NiCrAl and reinforcements of TiC, W2C and M23C6 carbides. Higher wear resistance than the original TiAl alloy is achieved in the composite coatings under high-temperature wear test conditions. However, the oxidation resistance of the laser clad gamma/W2C/TiC composite coatings is deceased. The corresponding mechanisms resulting in the above behaviors of the laser clad composite coatings are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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本文通过自相关分析探讨在“Maunder极小期”期间太阳活动是否仍然存在11年活动周期.利用Eddy根据欧洲望远镜在“Maunder极小期”时观测的太阳黑子记录所作的相对黑子数年平均值进行了自相关分析,也与中国地方志在“Maunder极小期”时的有关黑子记录一起进行了同样的自相关分析.在作自相关分析时采用几种不同的方法进行比较,结果发现,11年活动周期性的存在与否与所选用的统计方法有关,因此不能绝对地说在“Maunder极小期”时太阳活动完全停止了,或者说在“Maunder极小期”时仍然存在着11年周期的活动性质.

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本文通过拉伸及松弛实验,研究了温度和形变速度对材料强度的影响,重点探讨了材料的时温等效关系,并通过电子显微观察,分析了材料形变及断裂过程的特点,断口类型及其影响因素。

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<正> 非破坏性测试用于检验材料和结构的内在特征,了解构件原有缺陷对性能的影响,并在进行各种载荷条件下力学性能试验时观察或试验后检查构件的破坏过程,以分析和确定构件的强度、刚度、断裂、疲劳、振动等力学性能以及破坏机理,复合材料由两种以上的增强元件及基体构成,材料本身就是一种力学结构,如纤维增强复合材料,纤维是主要承力件,基

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本文讨论了一种地球磁层的亚暴机制。当行星际磁场有大的南向分量时,磁层的位形可由基本闭式转变为开式。磁鞘中的阿尔文波可以携带超过10~(18)尔格/秒的能流传入磁层尾部,并将能量耗散于等离子体片中。等离子体片中的粒子被加热和加速后,注入近地空间,产生环电流和极区亚暴。计算了剪切流场中阿尔文波的传播过程,以及磁层中阿尔文波的耗散。将本文的结算与[4]中的结果合在一起,可以说明当行星际磁场转向南时,容易发生地球磁层亚暴,但这两者并非一一对应的关系,行星际磁场没有南向分量时也可以发生地球磁层亚暴。

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This paper presents some results on the analysis of coupled vibration of a thin cylindrical pipe containing a flewing flind. A simple formula is ob- tained by means of which one can compute the lower natural frequencies of vibration when the flow velocity is sufficiently low.

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在低速平面叶栅风洞中对光滑叶片及非光滑叶片叶栅进行了实验研究,在叶栅出口进行了详细的测量,通过测量结果对比分析,探讨非光滑叶片对叶栅流向涡系的影响。实验结果表明,与光滑叶片相比,非光滑叶片对叶栅出口流向涡系中,通道涡在节距方向上移向叶栅通道中心处,强度几乎不变,尾缘涡发生展向扩展并分裂,强度明显减弱。

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进行了从液氮温度(77 K)到室温(286 K)的光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)温度传感性能的实验研究。结果表明,FBG的温敏系数与温度相关。低于210 K,FBG的温敏系数变小,这将限制低温环境下FBG作为温度传感器的使用。通过在裸FBG外部涂敷热膨胀系数为61×10-6的丙烯酸脂材料,可以显著提高FBG的温敏系数和线性度。80 K时,有丙烯酸脂包层材料的FBG温敏系数为0.01526 nm/K,而同温度条件下裸FBG的温敏系数仅为0.00449 nm/K。

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本文介绍一种新型光学蛋白质芯片技术 .它通过表面格式化、表面改性和配基固定形成多元生物活性感应表面 ;借助蛋白质的特异结合性和高分辨率的生物光学显微成像技术达到识别和检测蛋白质的目的 .它是一种非标记的多元蛋白质定量分析方法 .

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利用激光熔覆制备了两类TiC_P/Ni合金涂层。与自生TiC_P涂层不同,在添加TiC_P涂层中,TiC_P与基体界面处观察到TiC外延生长及CrB。相利用纳米硬度仪研究了涂层中TiC_P与基体的界面硬度H及弹性模量E的分布。添加TiC_P与基体相界面加载的曲线存在位移突进(pop-in)现象;原位TiC_P界面附近加载曲线不存在pop-in现象。原位TiC_P相界面附近H及E较高并呈现连续梯度分布特征,表明原位TiC_P界面具有高的刚度与强韧性。

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2004年,力学所以国家科技中长期规划和中国科学院中长期科技发展规划的制定为牵引,以筹划进入中科院院“三期”创新、争取承担“十一丑,国家和中科院重大科研项目为动力,持续、多层面地进行了研究所发展规划的论证.在此基础上提出了发展蓝图,即6个主要的学科方向(微重力科学和空间技术、高温气体动力学与跨大气层飞行、微尺度力学与微系统、工艺力学与材料设计、海洋与环境工程、生物力学与生物工程),4个科研平台(微重力科学平台、高超声速飞行技术平台、微/跨尺度力学平台、海洋工程研究平台)包含的基本科学问题是复杂介质和极端条件下的力学行为. 2004年,力学所成功主办了以“第24届世界激波大会”、“第六届世界计算力学大会”(联合)为代表的3次大型国际会议;郑哲敏院士当选工UTAM执委.这是力学所不断提升和国内外学术交流的深入和广泛程度的具体体现.

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Adiabatic shear localization is a mode of failure that occurs in dynamic loading. It is characterized by thermal softening occurring over a very narrow region of a material and is usually a precursor to ductile fracture and catastrophic failure. This reference source is the first detailed study of the mechanics and modes of adiabatic shear localization in solids, and provides a systematic description of a number of aspects of adiabatic shear banding. The inclusion of the appendices which provide a quick reference section and a comprehensive collection of thermomechanical data allows rapid access and understanding of the subject and its phenomena. The concepts and techniques described in this work can usefully be applied to solve a multitude of problems encountered by those investigating fracture and damage in materials, impact dynamics, metal working and other areas. This reference book has come about in response to the pressing demand of mechanical and metallurgical engineers for a high quality summary of the knowledge gained over the last twenty years. While fulfilling this requirement, the book is also of great interest to academics and researchers into materials performance.

Table of Contents

1Introduction1
1.1What is an Adiabatic Shear Band?1
1.2The Importance of Adiabatic Shear Bands6
1.3Where Adiabatic Shear Bands Occur10
1.4Historical Aspects of Shear Bands11
1.5Adiabatic Shear Bands and Fracture Maps14
1.6Scope of the Book20
2Characteristic Aspects of Adiabatic Shear Bands24
2.1General Features24
2.2Deformed Bands27
2.3Transformed Bands28
2.4Variables Relevant to Adiabatic Shear Banding35
2.5Adiabatic Shear Bands in Non-Metals44
3Fracture and Damage Related to Adiabatic Shear Bands54
3.1Adiabatic Shear Band Induced Fracture54
3.2Microscopic Damage in Adiabatic Shear Bands57
3.3Metallurgical Implications69
3.4Effects of Stress State73
4Testing Methods76
4.1General Requirements and Remarks76
4.2Dynamic Torsion Tests80
4.3Dynamic Compression Tests91
4.4Contained Cylinder Tests95
4.5Transient Measurements98
5Constitutive Equations104
5.1Effect of Strain Rate on Stress-Strain Behaviour104
5.2Strain-Rate History Effects110
5.3Effect of Temperature on Stress-Strain Behaviour114
5.4Constitutive Equations for Non-Metals124
6Occurrence of Adiabatic Shear Bands125
6.1Empirical Criteria125
6.2One-Dimensional Equations and Linear Instability Analysis134
6.3Localization Analysis140
6.4Experimental Verification146
7Formation and Evolution of Shear Bands155
7.1Post-Instability Phenomena156
7.2Scaling and Approximations162
7.3Wave Trapping and Viscous Dissipation167
7.4The Intermediate Stage and the Formation of Adiabatic Shear Bands171
7.5Late Stage Behaviour and Post-Mortem Morphology179
7.6Adiabatic Shear Bands in Multi-Dimensional Stress States187
8Numerical Studies of Adiabatic Shear Bands194
8.1Objects, Problems and Techniques Involved in Numerical Simulations194
8.2One-Dimensional Simulation of Adiabatic Shear Banding199
8.3Simulation with Adaptive Finite Element Methods213
8.4Adiabatic Shear Bands in the Plane Strain Stress State218
9Selected Topics in Impact Dynamics229
9.1Planar Impact230
9.2Fragmentation237
9.3Penetration244
9.4Erosion255
9.5Ignition of Explosives261
9.6Explosive Welding268
10Selected Topics in Metalworking273
10.1Classification of Processes273
10.2Upsetting276
10.3Metalcutting286
10.4Blanking293
 Appendices297
AQuick Reference298
BSpecific Heat and Thermal Conductivity301
CThermal Softening and Related Temperature Dependence312
DMaterials Showing Adiabatic Shear Bands335
ESpecification of Selected Materials Showing Adiabatic Shear Bands341
FConversion Factors357
 References358
 Author Index369
 Subject Index375