贺兰山过去196年降水的树轮宽度重建及降水变率

IEECAS SKLLQG

Morphological Evolution During Synthesis of New AlPO4 Center dot H2O Crystal

A new crystal of aluminophosphate, AIPO(4)(.)H(2)O, is synthesized from two-batch aqueous solution under hydrothermal conditions. Three types of the crystal habits, i.e. the tetragonal double pyramid, the tetragonal prism and the plate-type tetragonal prism, are found from batch-A solution. Two types of the crystal habits, i.e. the hexagonal pyramid and the strip-type tetragonal prism, are found from batch-B solution. The change of crystal morphology is originated from the fluctuation of the synthesis conditions, such as the supersaturation, the temperature and the impurity content. It causes change of the step energies, the defect density and the step roughness, and further, change of the growth rates. Since the crystal morphology is sensitive to the mass transport mechanism, the crystal habits could be changed under the microgravity.

The Head-On Colliding Process Of Binary Liquid Droplets At Low Velocity: High-Speed Photography Experiments And Modeling

The experimental and theoretical studies are reported in this paper for the head-on collisions of a liquid droplet with another of the same fluid resting on a solid substrate. The droplet on the hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate remains in a shape of an approximately spherical segment and is isometric to an incoming droplet. The colliding process of the binary droplets was recorded with high-speed photography. Head-on collisions saw four different types of response in our experiments: complete rebound, coalescence, partial rebound With conglutination, and coalescence accompanied by conglutination. For a complete rebound, both droplets exhibited remarkable elasticity and the contact time of the two colliding droplets was found to be in the range of 10-20 ms. With both droplets approximately considered as elastic bodies, Hertz contact theory was introduced to estimate the contact time for the complete rebound case. The estimated result Was found to be on the same order of magnitude as the experimental data, which indicates that the present model is reasonable. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Scaling Functions In Conical Indentation Of Elastic-Plastic Solids

The finite element method was used to simulate the conical indentation of elastic-plastic solids with work hardening. The ratio of the initial yield strength to the Young's modulus Y/E ranged from 0 to 0.02. Based on the calculation results, two sets of scaling functions for non-dimensional hardness H/K and indenter penetration h are presented in the paper, which have closed simple mathematical form and can be used easily for engineering application. Using the present scaling functions, indentation hardness and indentation loading curves can be easily obtained for a given set of material properties. Meanwhile one can use these scaling functions to obtain material parameters by an instrumented indentation load-displacement curve for loading and unloading if Young's modulus E and Poisson's ratio nu are known.

含圆形弹性夹杂的反平面问题

运用复变函数技术,求出了无限弹性平面含不同弹性材料的圆形夹杂,在反平面剪切和反平面集中力作用下,应力和位移场的封闭形式解,并由此得出相应的界面应力公式。

蜂蜡球锥的驻点烧蚀研究

<正> 1.引言 飞行器再入大气层时受热情况严重,表面要发生严重的烧蚀,外形要发生显著的变化,驻点的烧蚀更为严重。这一烧蚀过程能否由蜂蜡这种低温液态层材料在高超音速风洞中再现,能否通过对蜂蜡球锥的驻点烧蚀研究为液态层材料的烧蚀图象形成机理和发展规律提供依据,为两相流问题的理论研究提供实验资料,这便是我们进行蜂蜡球锥驻点烧蚀研究的目的。

具有离散阻尼器的结构动力分析

本文论述了几种结合离散阻尼器于结构以增大其阻尼的方法。假设原结构是无阻尼的,用复数表示加在它的某些离散点上的阻尼器的刚度,推导出了一个对无阻尼结构的刚度阵作局部修改的运动方程,指出了用模态应变能法解决这个问题时的缺点,提出了用改进的直接频率响应积分法与模态综合法求解它。

断裂力学的发生和发展

<正> 一、断裂力学的由来 断裂力学是近二十年来发展起来的一门新兴学科。它研究的对象是材料或结构中的缺陷或者说,裂纹。它要解决的问题是:为了

Numerical study of bifurcation solutions of spherical Taylor-Couette flow

The steady bifurcation flows in a spherical gap (gap ratio sigma=0.18) with rotating inner and stationary outer spheres are simulated numerically for Re(c1)less than or equal to Re less than or equal to 1 500 by solving steady axisymmetric incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using a finite difference method. The simulation shows that there exist two steady stable flows with 1 or 2 vortices per hemisphere for 775 less than or equal to Re less than or equal to 1 220 and three steady stable flows with 0, 1, or 2 vortices for 1 220

A stochastic jump and deterministic dynamics model of impact failure evolution with rate effect

Motivated by the observation of the rate effect on material failure, a model of nonlinear and nonlocal evolution is developed, that includes both stochastic and dynamic effects. In phase space a transitional region prevails, which distinguishes the failure behavior from a globally stable one to that of catastrophic. Several probability functions are found to characterize the distinctive features of evolution due to different degrees of nucleation, growth and coalescence rates. The results may provide a better understanding of material failure.

Evolution induced catastrophe

Fracture due to coalescence of microcracks seems to be catalogued in a new model of evolution induced catastrophe (EIC). The key underlying mechanism of the EIC is its automatically enlarging interaction of microcracks. This leads to an explosively evolving catastrophe. Most importantly, the EIC presents a fractal dimension spectrum which appears to be dependent on the interaction.

Strain-energy density ratio criterion for failure of composite-materials

n the authors' previous paper, the Strain Energy Density Ratio (SEDR) criterion was proposed. As an example of applications, it was used to predict cracking direction of mixed-mode fracture in a random short fibre laminated composite.

多煤层开采时岩层垮落过程的数值模拟

运用自行开发的岩层破断过程分析 (SFPA2D)系统模拟了多煤层开采时岩层的垮落过程。数值模拟结果表明 ,虽然上部煤柱的存在改变了上覆岩层结构 ,但岩层的垮落仍具有明显的周期性 ,地表的水平移动和垂直下沉仍具有明显的对称性 ;当垮落带高度达到上部煤柱后 ,可能出现大面积的垮落 ,产生较大的次生来压现象 ,从而影响下部长壁工作面的安全。通过和相似材料模拟以及理论分析结果的对比 ,本次数值模拟基本上反映了多煤层开采时采动岩体的动态发展过程 ,SFPA2D系统可以作为模拟采动覆岩破坏过程的一种新方法