四(2,4-二特戊基苯氧基)酞菁铜LB膜的制备及结构表征

酞菁类化合物具有良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,已被广泛应用于光敏,气敏,及分子电子器件等领域。用LB方法对酞菁类化合物进行分子组装,用光谱等手段对其膜结构进行表征已引起人们的重视。本文作者之一合成了具有良好LB成膜特性的四(2,4-二特戊基苯

脉冲试井数值模拟的现场应用

通过油藏数值模拟技术 ,建立了多层油藏非均质及多相流体条件下的理论模型 ,并做出脉冲试井的压力理论曲线。现场应用中 ,在充分考虑地质及沉积特征的前提下 ,通过调整静态参数得到了理论曲线与实测曲线的最佳拟合 ,最终获得模拟区域内多层非均质渗透率分布图。该方法所获得的地层水平渗透率分布与其它方法所获得的渗透率分布互相补充 ,可为三次采油方案设计提供可靠依据

凝析气井异常产能试井资料分析新方法

通过分析凝析气井产能测试资料异常的原因,给出了一类系统分析凝析气井异常产能测试资料的方法,包括拟压力方法、压力方法和压力平方方法三种形式。首次建立了凝析气井二项式产能方程和指数式产能方程的关系,提出了凝析气井异常产能测试资料分析的判断标准。通过凝析气井的实际产能测试资料分析,说明了该方法的正确性。

Angular distribution and conversion of multi-keV L-shell X-ray sources produced from nanosecond laser irradiated thick-foil targets

An experimental study on the angular distribution and conversion of multi-keV X-ray sources produced from 2 ns-duration 527nm laser irradiated thick-foil targets on Shenguang II laser facility (SG-II) is reported. The angular distributions measured in front of the targets can be fitted with the function of f(theta) = alpha+ (1- alpha)cos(beta) theta (theta is the viewing angle relative to the target normal), where alpha = 0.41 +/- 0.014, beta = 0.77 +/- 0.04 for Ti K-shell X-ray Sources (similar to 4.75 keV for Ti K-shell), and alpha = 0.085 +/- 0.06, beta = 0.59 +/- 0.07 for Ag/Pd/Mo L-shell X-ray Sources (2-2.8 keV for Mo L-shell, 2.8-3.5 keV for Pd L-shell, and 3-3.8 keV for Ag L-shell). The isotropy of the angular-distribution of L-shell emission is worse than that of the K-shell emission at larger viewing angle (>70 degrees), due to its larger optical depth (stronger self-absorption) in the cold plasma side lobe Surrounding the central emission region, and in the central hot plasma region (emission region). There is no observable difference in the angular distributions of the L-shell X-ray emission among Ag, Pd, and Mo. The conversion efficiency of Ag/Pd/Mo L-shell X-ray sources is higher than that of the Ti K-shell X-ray sources, but the gain relative to the K-shell emission is not as high as that by using short pulse lasers. The conversion efficiency of the L-shell X-ray sources decrease, with increasing atomic numbers (or X-ray photon energy), similar to the behavior of the K-shell X-ray Source.

Recent progress in femtosecond holography

The recent advancements of femtosecond (fs) holography are introduced. The experimental requirements and the time resolution are presented. Applications of femtosecond holography to signal processing, and other femtosecond holographic techniques such as femtosecond holographic imaging and microprocessing are detailed. A potential alternative of femtosecond holography is proposed, based on the sectional interference of reference pulse with the time stretched signal pulse. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

圆口铜鱼活鱼运输方法比较

采用尼龙袋充氧密封运输、橡皮袋充氧密封运输、塑料桶充气运输和鱼箱充氧运输4种方法,进行了圆口铜鱼的活鱼运输试验,运输成活率在75.0%~100%。在运输过程中对麻醉剂的使用进行了初步尝试,并对运输后鱼体进行消毒处理,其5 d内的成活率在78.1%~100%。为制定合适的圆口铜鱼活鱼运输方式和开展下一步的实验奠定了基础。

Monitoring organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in Baiyangdian Lake using microbial communities

We used polyurethane foam units (PFUs) to collect persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from four sites in Baiyangdian Lake in July 2003. Following extraction from the PFUs, relative concentrations of seven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and ten polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined by gas chromatography. OCPs and PCBs were detected in the microbial communities from all the four sampling stations. In terms of the total concentration of POPs (OCPs+ PCBs), two river estuary stations had more POP (18.45 mu g/L and 9.77 mu g/L) than the two mid-lake stations (4.75 mu g/L and 5.21 mu g/L), indicating that Baiyangdian Lake was significantly impacted by inflow from the Fu River and Baigou River.

Effects of polyaluminum chloride and copper sulfate on phosphorus and UV254 under different anoxic levels

Experimental sediments and water from shallow, eutrophic Dianchi Lakes were treated in a controlled laboratory microcosm using different chemicals under different anoxic levels. This study revealed that the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) was able to inhibit the phosphorus release and decrease the UV254 value at any anoxic level. When the DO concentrations were between 0.76-0.95 mg(.) L-1, the UV(254)value, total phosphorus (TP), and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) in the water column were decreased by 71.93%, 87.12% and 64.24% respectively. The UV254, TP, and TDP were also decreased by 72.94%, 70.87% and 50.76% respectively at the levels of 4.56-5.32mg(.)L(-1) of DO concentrations. The treatment effects of TP and TDP in the water column using copper sulfate however were not as efficient as the PAC treatment. The UV254 value was increased with the addition of copper sulfate at every anoxic level tested but the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) content was decreased rapidly and efficiently by copper sulfate more than the treatment by PAC. When the DO concentrations were 0.76-0.86mg(.)L(-1) and 4.75-5.14mg(.)L(-1), the Chl-a concentrations were decreased by 84.87% and 75.07% respectively through copper sulfate treatment. With additions of PAC and copper sulfate, the phosphorus fractions in sediments were shifted forward to the favorable shapes that have little ability of release. The TP concentrations in sediments were increased after treatment via PAC and copper sulfate. Under anoxic conditions, most of the BD-P (Fe-P) to NaOH-P (Al-P) was converted using the recommended PAC dose in BD-P rich sediment. Similar to the PAC, the copper sulfate also could flocculate the exchange phosphorus from sediment to overlying water. Overall though, the effects of copper sulfate treatment were not better than that of the PAC.

Analysis of semiconductor microlasers with an equilateral triangle resonator by rate equations

Semiconductor microlasers with an equilateral triangle resonator (ETR) are analyzed by rate equations with the mode lifetimes calculated by the finite-difference time-domain technique and the Pade approximation. A gain spectrum based on the relation of the gain spectrum and the spontaneous emission spectrum is proposed for considering the mode selection in a wide wavelength span. For an ETR microlaser with the side length of about 5 mum, we find that single fundamental mode operation at about 1.55 mum can be obtained as the side length increases from 4.75 to 5.05 mum. The corresponding wavelength tuning range is 93 nm, and the threshold current is about 0.1 to 0.4 mA.

Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser Operating at 2.94 THz

The development of quantum cascade laser at 2.94 THz is reported. The laser structure is based on a bound-to-continuum active region and a semi-insulating surface-plasmon waveguide. Lasing is observed up to a heat-sink temperature of 70 K in pulsed mode with light power of 4.75 mW at 10 K and 1 mW at 70 K. A threshold current density of 296.5 A/cm(2) and an internal quantum efficiency of 1.57 x 10(-2) per cascade period are also observed at 10 K. The characteristic temperature of this laser is extracted to be T-0 = 57.5 K.